Prime Minister

Chapter 426

The banquet was in full swing, and Huang Lu came out with a wine cup to toast.

Everyone raised their wine cups to return the gift.

When Zhang Yue Wang Anshi happened to be in the third class, the conversation between the two was overshadowed by the noise in the restaurant.At this time Shen Liao had already returned, smiling at Zhang Yue, Wang Anshi and Wang Anshi asked: "Jiefu, what are Duzhi talking about?"

Zhang Yue said with a smile: "Talking about the land rent."

Shen Liao nodded and said: "There is no idle land in the world, and the farmers still starve to death. I think the bad things in this world are the land rent."

Wang Anshi said: "In the past Zigong asked Confucius about politics, and Confucius said, 'Enough food, enough soldiers, and people's trust'."

"Zigong asked, 'I have to go to one, which one is it for?' Zi said: 'Go to the army.'"

"Zigong said, 'Go again?' Zi said, 'Go eat. Since ancient times, there has been death, and the people will not stand without faith.'"

"I think Confucius' words are not enough to listen to. The people have no food, so how can they have faith. In the past, Wu Qi ruled the country based on making the country rich and the army strong, and abandoned the theory of vertical and horizontal."

"The people should give priority to adequate food and clothing, otherwise trust and soldiers will not be enough."

Zhang Yue thought, Wang Anshi actually criticized Confucius at the banquet, but he is used to it.

Wang Anshi, Zhang Yue, and Shen Liao were discussing. The guests at the table were all listening carefully, as if they were serious about being taught.

Not far away, Su Xun and Su Zhe were at a banquet, seeing this scene from afar.

Su Xun stared at Wang Anshi coldly, and said to Su Zhe: "My son, take care of it. Today is a big day, and everyone in the hall is congratulating on the happy event. It is about Wang Jiefu who is talking about politics here."

"Do you think it's Yan Yuan and Meng Ke who can't come back? Or is it because they can't make it all over the world? Such unkind actions must be done by unkind people. Anyone who is unkind in everything is rarely a big traitor Er, the so-called erect tricks, easy teeth, and prescribing prescriptions are like this."

Su Zhe knew that Su Xun criticized Wang Anshi, and Wang Anshi didn't like Sansu either.

Shen Liao asked, "What is the land rent?"

Everyone showed an expression of listening carefully.

Zhang Yue knew that everyone was not as good as Wang Anshi, so he simply put it plainly.

Zhang Yue said: "When it comes to land rent, it is the difference between price and value... For example, when we go to buy rice, we always say that the price is high or the price is low. Why do we say that, because rice has a value in my heart The existence of the price is higher or lower than the value, so the price is high or low."

"Let's talk about sufficient food and sufficient wealth. The people have enough food, or are they rich? In the past, Guan Zhong had a conspiracy in Hengshan. He first went to Hengshan to buy weapons at high prices. The people of Hengshan abandoned farming and worked iron, so that the farmland was abandoned. After that, Guan Zhong collected grain at a high price. , and bought all the food. In the end, Hengshan had a lot of money, but there was no food to buy, and there was a famine, and finally the whole country came together."

"So which one is more expensive, a piece of gold or a bucket of rice? Everyone talks about gold, but gold can't wrap your stomach, while rice is enough to wrap your stomach, but it's worthless in a good year. Why is that?"

"Food should be more expensive than gold, why is gold more expensive than grain?"

"Therefore, gold is expensive because it is rare. Food is cheap because it is available everywhere. The price has nothing to do with other things, but the quantity. If you know the quantity, you know that the price is equal to supply and demand. Why is a bag of rice sold for [-] Wen? It is because the amount of buying and selling is the same at [-] Wen, and it has nothing to do with whether you think it is expensive or cheap."

The people at the wine table nodded their heads and praised: "Young Master Zhuang Yuan said well, what he said is concise, and I will understand it when I hear it."

"Then what is the relationship between price and value? How is it different from land rent?"

Zhang Yue said: "If the wheat on one mu of land can be sold for a hundred guan in a good year after the autumn harvest. If I have a piece of land and seeds, and I have worked hard for a year to pay taxes to the court, the rest will belong to me. Would you be happy?" objection?"

Everyone nodded.

Zhang Yue said: "If this land is not mine, then I will rent it from others, then the annual income of one hundred guan will belong to me except for the land rent."

"After a few years, I felt that I had a good way of farming. I asked the landlord to rent an acre of land, hired a short-term laborer to plant the land, and gave him young crops and cattle farm tools. The rice in this acre of land was sold for another hundred , except for the land rent and hired labor, the rest belongs to me."

"Therefore, among the price of one hundred guan, the hired labor, my surplus and the landlord's land rent, the three are divided equally! All the wealth in the world belongs to these three classes."

Hearing this, everyone seemed to understand but half understood, but Wang Anshi seemed to have grasped something, and suddenly his eyes froze.

Zhang Yue understood that Wang Anshi had touched on the fundamental problem he said.

What I just said is just the beginning of a huge theoretical framework.

At this time, Shen Yu and Shen Kuo toasted at the table, and after everyone went to toast, Zhang Yue also raised a cup.

But seeing Wang Anshi's face full of doubts, he said: "Duzhi's words just now are too much to say, and I'm afraid others don't know what's going on, let alone why!"

Zhang Yue nodded when he heard the words: "The prince is right, so I don't want to talk any more, even if I only said a few words...but there are only three people in the world who can understand what I just said!"

"Three people?" Wang Anshi made a fuss.

Zhang Yue nodded and put down the wine cup, counted on his fingers: "The prince counts as one."

Zhang Yue snapped off a finger while speaking.

"Lu Jifu (Lu Huiqing) counts as one."

Then he snapped another finger.

"And Cai Yuanchang is one of them... as for the rest..."

Zhang Yue seemed to be pondering for a while, and finally said dejectedly: "No more!"

After Zhang Yue left the table, he toasted Huang Lu.

It feels so good to pretend to be forced and run.

It is the extra 1000 years of knowledge.

In fact, when marginal utility is discovered, price becomes the panacea of ​​economics.

But what does the price consist of?

The earliest discoverers believed that prices consisted of labor time, but with the development of commerce, did prices include parts other than labor time?

Hence the emergence of the theory of surplus value.

Later, the surplus value was discovered and divided into wages (labor income), profits, and land rent (non-labor income).

So a philosopher discovered a problem from the research of his predecessors.

Different means of income represent different ways of owning the means of production, because the amount of the means of production is different, so all living beings are divided into three layers.

And so a school emerged!

So Zhang Yue said that only three people in the entire Song Dynasty understood what he was talking about. That was not a joke. Wang Anshi didn't understand it, and I'm afraid none of the others understood it.

But as long as Wang Anshi understands, he will support himself in running an exchange for the court.

At this moment, Wang Anshi listened with a serious expression on his face. Just now Zhang Yue said that there were only three people in the world who understood what he said, but one of them was Wang Anshi.

But Wang Anshi...but he won't admit it...

The only thing Wang Anshi didn't understand was why Zhang Yue had no experience in governing, and although his policy articles were high, they did not exceed his expectations, but why was this...

Wang Anshi faintly felt that he was becoming more and more unable to see through this young man. Behind Zhang Yue was a fog, and behind the fog was a mountain that made him look up!

(End of this chapter)