Qiming 1158

Chapter 1522 They have no advantage
Some people are very embarrassed and unhappy about the policy of the Renaissance Society's undisguised and comprehensive policy of turning to grassroots workers.

For example, in the early days, officials from traditional cultural families such as old bureaucrats and old landlords and gentry who took the initiative to cooperate with Su Yonglin to avoid being purged, passed the imperial examinations and entered official positions through other means.

They feel embarrassed and feel that the future is not very clear.

Although they escaped Su Yonglin's three major purges, they also lost a lot of land and tenants that they used to rely on for a living, and they couldn't support themselves without labor.

Now they are back to the state where the family started their business in the early days of farming and reading.

While ploughing the fields, cultivate the children of the family to study.

Of course, compared with the so-called heirlooms of farming and reading in other dynasties, the heirlooms of farming and reading in the Ming Dynasty are much less difficult.

Before modern times, it was very difficult for any ordinary family in any country to support a full-time scholar.

Full-time scholars do not work and do not produce, but they also have to bear part of the court's taxes, such as oral taxes for the population, Ding service, etc. Not only that, but scholars also need to eat and need daily expenses.

No output, only consumption. For a peasant family of five, it requires a family of young and old to join the battle, a certain amount of land, and weather conditions to prevent major disasters.

Only in this way can we support a successful full-time scholar.

If you want to support several, it must be the home of landlords and gentry.

The requirements are very demanding and the difficulty is very high. Generally, farmers can’t do farming and reading, and their children have to go to work in the fields at the age of eight or nine to help the family as cheap labor, and they cannot afford to study.

Therefore, if there is no external help, such as the government's student aid policy, it would be impossible for ordinary farmers to cultivate a scholar in their hometown.

It is a pity that the ancient court did not need so many scholars. The ruler only needed to [take all the baht and use it like sand] and use the peasants as consumables.

Still studying?
joke.

In Daming, because of the vigorous promotion of free education and the policy of a free lunch, as well as the vigorous reduction and exemption of agricultural taxes collected by farmers, the tax burden of farmers' families has been greatly reduced, and the difficulty of farmers' families in supporting full-time students has been greatly reduced.

In this way, ordinary peasant families can support at least one full-time scholar as long as they have the will.

But this is not enough.

In recent years, with the advancement of the collective farm system, collective farms have gradually replaced the secondary system of villages and townships in practice, and managed the rural household registration under their jurisdiction.

Because the responsibilities of the collective farms are highly overlapping, and in fact the collective farms were established by the township peasant associations leading the village peasant associations, the original village and township level revival associations gradually realized a de facto merger within the framework of the collective farms.

At the end of Hongwu [-], Su Yonglin approved the proposal at the central meeting of the Renaissance Association to gradually merge the village peasant associations with the village peasant associations to realize the management of collective farms in the name of the collective farm management committee.

Not only in terms of agricultural production, but also in the jurisdiction of the administrative level. Collective farms have gradually shifted from a production unit to a comprehensive administrative unit, becoming a de facto first-level administrative agency, connecting upward to the county government.

On this basis, the literacy classes and Mongolian schools that originally belonged to various villages have also been merged into a primary school for the children of the farms attached to the collective farms.

After the merger, the teachers and educational resources of the collective farms were concentrated, which greatly enhanced the teaching effect.

And what followed was the full-time scholars who gathered all the strength of the collective farms to support everyone, and the education expenditures were calculated and allocated separately.

Compared with the situation where a single family in a single village supports a full-time scholar alone, it actually greatly reduces the difficulty of popularizing education.

Similar to this, the primary schools for factory children attached to major state-owned handicraft workshops are also specially responsible for providing teaching resources to the children of factory workers, and even helping them raise their children to a certain extent.

The working hours of the workers are highly coincident with those of the primary school students of the factory, which are completely in line with their daily routines.

Because of the relatively small size of the group and the early start, the enrollment rate of primary schools for children of workshops nationwide has achieved [-]%, far exceeding the enrollment rate of primary schools for children of farm villages.

However, with the continuous promotion and construction of collective farm policies in Chuanshu, Jiangnan, Lingnan and other places, the enrollment rate of farm children's primary schools will further increase sooner or later.

And this situation is very unfavorable for the traditional gentry families that still exist in the Ming Dynasty and need to live by independent labor.

The Ming court gave a large amount of educational resources to farmers and industrial workers. The result of this situation was the overall improvement of the cultural literacy of the children of farmers and industrial workers, and the large-scale advancement of the cultural literacy movement in the Ming Dynasty.

One of the many consequences of these large-scale changes is that the advantages of traditional gentry in terms of literacy have been diminished over time.

What the children of traditional gentry originally expected was to seize the time, quickly obtain official positions through the advantages of cultural accumulation, so as to obtain official positions, re-establish the status of the ruling class, return to the original identity of rentiers, and continue the aristocratic family for a hundred years.

But the reality is that Su Yonglin exported a large amount of educational resources to farmers and workers, built a large number of primary schools for children, and revised the textbooks, shifting the focus of education in the Ming Dynasty to science and engineering education, making the children of traditional gentry families who did not have an advantage in this regard. Greatly frustrated.

The children of farmers and workers are gradually catching up with their new generation of children in terms of scientific and technological cultural literacy, and the two sides are almost standing on the same starting line to compete fairly.

The family cultural heritage belonging to a traditional gentry family is equivalent to being erased by Su Yonglin with a big wave of his hand.

Cultural change requires their foundation, and on the bright side, the Renaissance organization gradually took control of the most powerful positions in the court, and started what they call "nepotism", so that they have always been controlled by some Innocent Shimizu post on.

Can do things, but there are not too many things, can show their abilities, but there are not too many opportunities, they belong to the kind of people who are dispensable and can be replaced at any time.

In fact, many administrative positions are easy to be replaced. People who have received a simple education can complete the work of middle and low-level officials. The reason for the need for layer-by-level examination selection is simply that there are too few senior resources, and the threshold needs to be set artificially. .

Without this artificially set threshold, people with normal IQs can hold middle and low-level administrative positions, and senior administrative positions naturally require some talent.

Su Yonglin changed the situation of artificially setting thresholds to a considerable extent, making the children of traditional gentry families confined to an awkward range.

They can live on stipends, make their family members live a little better, and train their offspring to continue studying, but they can't make it to the next level.

They are similar to most of the peasants and workers and officials of their origins.

(End of this chapter)