I am the king of the dead

Chapter 462 An De Guang Mansion with Tens of Thousands of Rooms, a Great Shelter for the Poor People in the World

"What is this lamp burning?" Zhu Qiyu asked curiously.

Xu Siqi frowned and said: "Lamp oil, light oil after boiling kerosene."

Zhu Qiyu is very concerned about Daming Fuel.

His first big action to kill Queen Ji Li was silver coins, and his second action was Shijingchang Guanchang Coal Wells Division.

Oil is undoubtedly an extremely important part of energy, and the use of oil by the Central Plains Dynasty has lasted forever.

Menghuo oil is a kind of dark brown heavy oil condensed after simple processing of petroleum.

The earliest record of the use of oil in the Central Plains Dynasty should be in the Han Shu written by Ban Gu in the Eastern Han Dynasty. There is oil that can be burned on water in Weishui, Gaonu County, Shangjun.

It is Yanchang County in Yan'an Prefecture. This place is the only source of fierce oil from the Central Plains Dynasty.

Until the New Era, it was the only place where oil was produced.

Li Daoyuan, a geographer in the Northern Wei Dynasty, made a special description of oil in the Notes on Water Classics. This kind of water fuel was named Shiqi.

In the Tang Dynasty, the light oil processed by stone lacquer began to be used for lighting.

In the Song Dynasty, Shen Kuo corrected the name of Shiqi and changed it to oil in "Mengxi Bi Tan", saying: "There is oil in the territory of Yan and Yan, which looks like pure lacquer. It burns like hemp, but the smoke is very thick. , The veil is very dark, and this thing will be popular in the world in the future."

Petroleum will inevitably become popular in the world and become the main fuel in the future. This was Shen Kuo's opinion when he was in the Northern Song Dynasty.

In the Yuan Dynasty, an oil well was dug in the Nanying River of Yanchang County, and 110 catties of kerosene was received at the age of [-].

There is another well in Yongping Village, [-] miles northwest of Yanchuan County, with an annual yield of [-] jin, which enters the Yanfeng warehouse on the road.

In the Jingtai period, the same was true. The tribute of Yanchang County was about [-] catties of fierce fire oil and light oil a year.

Based on Zhu Qiyu's understanding of Daming, the processing of oil in Daming is mainly heating distillation and layered condensation.

There are four types of finished products, asphalt, flooded oil, heavy oil, and light oil.

Asphalt is mainly used for waterproofing and paving roads, while oil flooding is mainly used to treat mange of livestock. It is said: "Pick up clear water and take it. Although the smell is smelly, it can treat mange of camels, horses, sheep and cattle."

Heavy oil is used in the fierce fire oil tank, which is a sharp weapon invented in the Northern Song Dynasty. Once the enemy attacked near the city gate, the fierce fire oil tank on the city gate would burn the ladder and other objects.

The first generation of fire-breathing guns could not be extinguished by splashing water, and the dragon banner of King Jili was half-drawn by the fierce fire oil.

Light oil, the lamp oil in Zhu Qiyu's hands now, had already been used for lighting in Tang Dynasty.

Zhu Qiyu asked full of doubts: "How about the output?"

Petroleum is an important reliance on the economic and military hegemony of US imperialism. It is an energy source, and it has always been said to be black gold.

"The power of the poor people in Yanchang County is only [-] catties a year." Xu Siqi said with a embarrassed expression: "This is very rare, and it can only be regarded as a tribute."

"I see." Zhu Qiyu was very concerned about Daming's energy, so he naturally knew that what Xu Siqi said was not a lie.

Even the oil wells in Yan'an County, Yan'an Prefecture, actually produced very low oil wells, and have always been rated as having no exploitation value.

Eight hundred catties is 0.4 tons.

In the 31st year of Guangxu, the Yanchang Oilfield only broke through the 81-meter sinking well, and the Yanchang Oilfield was considered valuable, with an annual output of [-] tons.

At the same time, Drake, located in Tytosville, Pennsylvania, USA, dug wells for salt and discovered oil.

The output reached 27 tons in the second year, and [-] tons in the third year.

Drake packed the oil in beer barrels, and what didn't fit went straight into the river.

That was in 1859.

At this time, the light oil that Daming can produce in a year can only keep Zhu Qiyu's kerosene lamp on.

The process of oil extraction and distillation is not complicated. Light oil is used as kerosene, heavy oil is used as fuel for flamethrowers, and asphalt is used for waterproof paving, all of which were used in Daming.

However, Daming has no oil.

Xu Siqi and others left Juxian Pavilion, Yu Qian went to talk about the martial arts hall, and Hu Wei went to sort out the matter of next year's imperial examination by province and Jinshi.

Zhu Qiyu sat in the conference room, leaning on the bench, without saying a word.

The change of energy has a huge impact on the development of human civilization, and the replacement of energy has a profound impact on the rise and fall of great powers.

Firewood, rice, oil and salt, the word firewood.

The Central Plains Dynasty was tireless in their pursuit of fuel, energy, and light. There is a legend that Qin Shihuang killed sharks, and there is an eternal lamp in the Lishan Mausoleum.

On New Year's Eve, there is a custom called Shou Sui, that is, every household lights a lamp. Once it is lit, it cannot be blown out until the oil is exhausted and the lamp dries up.

During the Wanli period, because of the distribution of coal, the kiln people in Xishan even went to the Chaotian Tower in West Chang'anmen to ask the Emperor Wanli to stop the distribution bureau at Lugouqiao, because the emperor's distribution would intensify, and the distribution would be ten times or a hundred times To these kiln dwellers. (Ming Shenzong Veritable Records Volume 331)

This kind of keeping the old age is also the pursuit of light, the desire for energy, and the competition for interests.

It was getting late, Xing'an introduced the light oil lamp into the lamp socket, pushed the leather for more than fifty times, turned the valve, hit the flint, and the lamp began to light up.

Xing'an waited for less than a quarter of an hour. According to Xu Siqi's introduction, this is called warming up.

He turned the fire door again, and the flame of lamp oil turned from yellow to bluish white, hitting the asbestos, emitting a dazzling white light.

Xing'an held a lamp glass cover and said with a smile: "Your Majesty, this thing is quite convenient. There is a slot under the lamp cover, which can be covered with glass, even if it is outside."

Zhu Qiyu leaned on the back of the chair and said, "Turn it up a little bit."

There are tens of thousands of Ande Guangsha, sheltering the world with joy.

The current light oil lamp only lights up his own small part of Juxian Pavilion, and it will definitely be able to illuminate every household in Daming in the future.

The blowtorch of the light oil lamp sprayed oil and gas and was ignited, and the blue flame licked on the asbestos with a whistling flame, and the asbestos emitted a dazzling light.

This glow effect, called limelight, is a white light.

The glow of asbestos shone on the silver-plated lamp cover, putting Zhu Qiyu in the light.

Zhu Qiyu clapped the book in his hand helplessly, it is true that the land of Ming Dynasty is vast and abundant.

But there are a few things that are really missing, such as high-quality iron, high-quality coal, oil, gold, silver, and copper.

These important things in the development process are lacking in Ming Dynasty.

No wonder Jin Shangshu's eyes were red when he heard that Wa had so many silver mines.

"Why don't you say that this scholar rebelled and failed in three years?" Zhu Qiyu suddenly said with a smile.

His Majesty stayed in the conference room for a long time, thinking all the time, Xing'an didn't bother him, when His Majesty said this, Xing'an asked cheerfully, "Why did Your Majesty say that?"

Zhu Qiyu shook the rattan chair and said, "Scholars, you can't get to the point all day long."

"Official factories and military bureaus are the dojos of Mozi's mechanistic theory. What's the use of them attacking a harmless statue all day long?"

Zhu Qiyu patted the book in his hand, it was left by Xu Siqi, about the whole process of Liu Laoqi's invention of spring steel, called Sihuolun.

"Mozi is good at machinery. The official factory mines coal, cast iron, forged steel, and now even has spring steel. They don't know that their life and death enemy, the Mo family, has quietly returned to Daming." Zhu Qiyu laughed sullenly. road.

Xing'an was taken aback, His Majesty's thinking was always a bit wild, but surprisingly reasonable.

Indeed, the Coal Wells Division, Coal Division, Driving Division, Iron and Steel Division, and Gunpowder Division of the official factory are hidden in the glory of the official factory. The core mechanism of the Mohists is returning to the Ming Dynasty in a silent way. .

The world of great harmony constructed by Mohists is not simply a moral appeal.

The means to achieve this world of great harmony is to use machinery to increase productivity and use technology to change the world's mode of production.

The ministers of the Imperial Academy, the Imperial Academy of the Imperial Academy, and the officials of the Sixth Division of the Metropolitan Procuratorate gritted their teeth with hatred for the statue of Mozi, wishing to rush into the Qintianjian and completely destroy the statue of Mozi. Refute Your Majesty's reverence for Mozi.

They fought, but they didn't fight to the point.

The government should be opposed. Only in this way can the foundation of Mozi's thought be completely destroyed.

Xing'an shook his head and said with a smile: "They don't dare, and they can't, because the government factory is beneficial to them. In this day of severe cold and ice like a mirror, they don't burn coal?"

In August of the 14th year of Zhengtong, because of captives, Gyeonggi had to fortify the walls and clear the country.

In order to prevent the Wala people from taking wood to make siege equipment, Yu Qian ordered to cut down almost all the wood in Shuntian Mansion, even if it could not be cut down, all of them were burned.

In that autumn, the whole capital was filled with a burning and choking smell.

Ten years of trees, and now Shuntian Mansion has no charcoal to use at all. What do you use if you don't use coal?
Frozen to death?
Between freezing to death and staying comfortably in the Snappers, they obviously chose the latter.

"To be good, there must be someone who seeks from things." Zhu Qiyu suddenly remembered this sentence in Xinxue.

For the ultimate good, we still have to start from the things.

Talking about morality without a material basis is just nonsense, and even civil servants can't talk about this kind of nonsense, because they also have lives.

Zhu Qiyu opened the Four Fire Theory written by Xu Siqi.

Xu Siqi could read, but his handwriting was not good-looking, so this book on Sihuolun was mainly written by Jinshi and Juren who were punished to work in the Imperial Academy and Guozijian.

In fact, scholars from the Imperial Academy and the Hanlin Academy went to work in Shijing Factory, which was just symbolic hard labor.

The craftsmen of Shijing Factory did not dare to treat them harshly. They found some light jobs for scholars and asked them to do it. Most of them were asked to do clerical work in the factory.

For example, give lessons to craftsmen, such as writing books and biography, summarizing the experience of craftsmen and writing them into books.

Even so, these Confucian scholars who were punished with hard labor complained loudly, saying that the official factory made them live in a cowshed and eat bad food!It is the greatest disrespect to scholars and knowledge!
Xu Siqi once defended this matter specifically, the Tiqis visited and investigated it quietly, and Zhu Qiyu, the seventh-rank member of the Department of General Affairs, who participated in the administration and discussion of state affairs, was wearing ordinary clothes and went to see it more than once.

It's just Confucianism's affectation.

Scholars and knowledge have a high status in the Central Plains dynasties, and craftsmen are lowly in their eyes.

In the Ming Dynasty, after becoming a scholar, he had the privilege of not kneeling when he saw officials, and he was given six buckets of rice every month. With this social status, craftsmen treated scholars harshly?
The artisans received labor remuneration, but also let the children read and write, and test their merits. This is the right way.

Liu Laoqi's Four Fire Theory summarizes the four methods of metal heat treatment.

Annealing, cooling with the furnace, is a cooling method without contact with air. It is mainly used in converters, and it is not commonly used. In actual production, normalizing is often used.

Normalizing, that is, air cooling, is the most commonly used and most common cooling method. Normalized steel has certain toughness, improved mechanical properties, and is easier to cut than annealed.

Quenching, using water, oil, molten lead, etc. to rapidly cool the steel, mainly to improve hardness and wear resistance, is often used to make long and short soldiers.

The development of quenching is extremely rapid, and craftsmen want to try everything.

A craftsman proposed to use the urine of the reincarnation of five grains to quench the fire, and then the whole workshop was filled with a disgusting smell. No one in the whole workshop ate that day. The smell was really disgusting.

For the first time, Liu Laoqi only got the top card, so he was naturally a little unconvinced. He has been studying hard and finally prepared a kind of spring steel.

This kind of spring steel can be used in a large range of flintlock devices, making it possible to install flintlocks on a large scale.

The invention of spring steel is related to the fourth method of heat treatment, tempering.

Tempering, as the name suggests, is the process of reheating to increase toughness.

After the lead is melted, it acts as a quenching liquid. The steel material is pulled out of the iron furnace and quenched in the lead liquid. Then the steel material is heated to a medium temperature and kept for about an hour. That's air handling, get spring steel.

The tempering furnace temperature is difficult to control, so the output of spring steel is not very large.

Because of this kind of tempering, the temperature is easy to produce irreversible temper brittleness, so it can only be returned to the furnace for reforging.

Bypassing degrees is a way of thinking in mathematics.

Shijing Factory is still researching, but it can produce limited spring steel, which is great news, just wait for the process to mature.

At night, Zhu Qiyu got a reed that was ten feet long and cut into one foot and one minute wide.

He also brought a [-]-fen wide caliper. Xing'an took the caliper and checked the reeds one by one, and they were exact.

Shijing Factory has a respectful heart. His Majesty is very kind to the craftsmen of Shijing Factory. This is the first time His Majesty asked for it privately. The whole Shijing Factory did not dare to take it lightly. It only took one day to get the reed requested by His Majesty.

As for the reed wire as thick as spider silk, Shijing Factory really can't make it, it's really too difficult.

Zhu Qiyu picked up a piece of reed and looked at the light oil lamp for a long time. It was indeed a good thing, with an extremely uniform texture and full elasticity.

But how?What kind of roll is it?This requires Zhu Qiyu to figure out a way by himself.

Zhu Qiyu knew the principle, but he didn't know how it was rolled.

He tried a few times, but finally gave up, because a random roll cannot be used for timing.

Zhu Qiyu had no choice but to put it down for the time being, and study carefully how it should be rolled up.

The next day was New Year's Eve.

　High-quality iron mines, high-quality coal mines, gold, silver, copper, and petroleum are not available in Ming Dynasty. I envy those countries that are so rich that oil can be used. Today's first update!
　　
　
(End of this chapter)