Daming Crazy Emperor

Daming technology is really changing with each passing day.

Taichang didn't expect that Fang Yizhi actually designed all the electric lights.

Of course, the lamp designed by Fang Yizhi still has flaws.

This defect is the life of the filament.

Historically, it is said that Einstein tried more than 6000 kinds of materials before finally increasing the life of the filament to more than [-] hours.

Taichang also knows that the filament is best made of tungsten wire.

The problem is that the metal element tungsten has not been discovered at this moment, so even if he knows it, it is useless.

He closed his eyes, frowned and pondered for a while, then suddenly came to his senses.

When Fang Yizhi's disciple assembled the light bulb, he didn't evacuate the air inside!

This is the key.

The reason why the filament is easy to break is mainly because the surface is oxidized after heating. The material on the surface of the filament is no longer pure metal, and as the oxide layer continues to deepen, the filament will become hotter and hotter, and finally it will burn itself. Melted!
If the filament is kept in a non-oxidized state, the service life of the filament will definitely be greatly enhanced.

Thinking of this, he turned his head and opened his eyes. The other party wisely said, "Secretly, when you assemble the light bulb, you must pump out the air inside and seal it up, so that the filament is not easy to fuse."

If he had said this to Fang Yizhi three years ago, Fang Yizhi would have been completely confused.

Because at that time there was no concept of pumping air.

However, at this moment Fang Yizhi understood it in an instant.

He immediately dragged Shen Yunpei to discuss, because the vacuum fractionation device Shen Yunpei made was to extract the air in the whole device.

About how to draw out the air and how to seal it, Shen Yunpei is not too familiar with it.

Soon, Shen Yunpei took Fang Yizhi and several of Fang Yizhi's disciples to start preparing materials.

As for the air pump, he directly ordered someone to go to the Petroleum Research Institute to get it.

There are not many ways to seal it at this time, but Shen Yunpei has a lot of experience.

According to the situation at the scene, he quickly settled on a method of sealing with rubber stoppers.

As for how to extract the air inside, it is actually very simple. He has already researched many kinds of air extraction devices.

They prepared for about a quarter of an hour, and all the materials were ready. At this time, Shen Yunpei's disciple also ran in panting carrying a strange thing.

Shen Yunpei did it himself, and directly wrapped the two wires and a needle tube tightly with raw rubber tape to form a plug, and then asked Fang Yizhi to connect a thin gold filament to the front of the wire.

Immediately afterwards, he stuffed all the gold filaments and wires into the light bulb, squeezed the plug made of raw rubber bands, and then ordered his disciples to connect the strange-shaped thing to the output of a steam engine in the laboratory. on axis.

After everything was ready, Shen Yunpei said solemnly inside: "Turn on the steam engine at full speed and start pumping."

His disciple immediately opened a steam valve, and there was a buzzing sound inside the strange-shaped thing.

After a while, he raised his hand and said, "Okay, drive at a low speed and keep the vacuum inside."

Is this all right?

Not only Fang Yizhi was taken aback, but Taichang was also taken aback.

Fang Yizhi did not expect that vacuuming is so simple.

Taichang did not expect that Shen Yunpei even designed a vacuum pump.

However, this seems to be normal. If Shen Yunpei hadn't designed a vacuum pump, it would be impossible to fractionate oil under reduced pressure.

This device seems to rely on continuously pumping out the air inside to maintain a vacuum or low pressure state. This should be because the vacuum fractionation device for petroleum is too large to be completely sealed, so it is needed.

In fact, the bulb does not need to be like this, as long as it is vacuumized and sealed.

However, Taichang didn't say anything, because he didn't want to disturb Fang Yizhi's experiment.

Fang Yizhi was only stunned for a moment, then ordered decisively: "Power on."

This is quite simple. When one of his disciples turned on the switch, the light bulb turned on.

What they tried was the thinnest gold filament, that is, a filament of about one centimeter. The brightness of this kind of filament is not very high, just like a light bulb of [-] or [-] watts.

Generally, household light bulbs have this brightness and it is enough.

The next step is to wait. According to Fang Yizhi, this tiny piece of gold filament will melt within less than a cup of tea.

As a result, they waited for nearly a quarter of an hour, and the filament was still on. Moreover, the light was still stable, and there was no sign of fusing.

Seeing this, Fang Yizhi couldn't help but excitedly said: "Great, the lifespan of this gold filament has been increased by more than two times, Your Majesty, you are really amazing."

Well, I just have a few hundred years of knowledge.

Taichang smiled and shook his head, he was modest, and then pointed to the needle tube inside the light bulb: "Longxing, this light bulb is only this big, and the sealing performance of the glass is also very good, so the needle tube doesn't have to be inserted all the time If there is air, just pull it out and block the pinhole.”

Well, this one is easy.

Shen Yunpei directly asked Fang Yizhi to get some high-temperature-resistant resin glue and spread it around the needle tube, and then ordered his disciples to turn off the vacuum machine.

Immediately afterwards, he quickly pulled out the needle tube, quickly pressed the resin glue into the needle hole with his fingers, and pressed it for a while before letting go.

The next step is to wait, everyone's eyes are almost fixed on the small light bulb, and they don't dare to take a breath, as if they are afraid that if they take a breath, the filament will be blown off.

The light bulb has been on for nearly two quarters of an hour, and the filament inside has not changed!
This proves that vacuuming is indeed a good way to increase the life of the filament.

If calculated according to this time ratio, the one-inch-thick gold filament can light up for more than ten hours without blowing out.

In other words, this light bulb can already be put into practical use.

Ordinary people can't afford gold filament, but it's nothing to Taichang.

He can even make the entire palace, the entire imperial city, and even all battleships use this kind of golden filament light bulb!
This thing will not be consumed anyway, if the filament is broken, it will be a big deal to purify it again, and then make it into filament and continue to use it.

He can invest hundreds of thousands or even millions of catties of gold to make millions or even tens of millions of light bulbs for recycling.

However, the light bulb made of this one-inch thick gold filament is too bright, it is really dazzling.

If there is such a big light bulb in the room, it will really brighten people's eyes.

Taichang pondered for a while, and then asked: "Mizhi, do you have any copper or aluminum skin here?"

Of course there is. The so-called copper and aluminum skins are actually thin copper and aluminum plates. It is precisely because these things are so thin that they are called skins.

Fang Yizhi nodded without hesitation and said: "Your Majesty, I have not only copper and aluminum skins here, but also gold and silver foils. How thick do you want? I will order someone to fetch them for you."

Taichang reckoned: "Try the copper and aluminum skins one cent thick and one half cent thick, and some gold foil and silver foil."

Fang Yizhi heard the words, and quickly ordered several disciples to get it quickly.

After a while, several of his disciples came over with rolls of copper and aluminum sheets, as well as gold and silver foils.

The copper and aluminum sheets they brought over were exactly one foot wide.

Seeing this, Taichang asked directly: "You know the horn, you first use half a cent thick aluminum skin to make a horn-shaped thing out, and cover the big light bulb."

Of course they know what a trumpet is, and Fang Yizhi's disciples are still very capable.

They unfolded the aluminum skin and cut it, folded the opposite sides, and then buckled the opposite sides together, and a trumpet-shaped cover was ready.

Immediately afterwards, they directly picked up the cover and put a cover on the dazzling headlight, put a copper rod on the inside of the fastened opposite side and knocked, and the lamp cover was ready.

At this moment, the dazzling light finally disappeared, and the position of the headlight was only at the mouth of the horn, and there was a beam of light shining on the ceiling.

Seeing this, Fang Yizhi couldn't help but be convinced: "The emperor's idea is really good. Every time I tried such a big light bulb before, the students and all the disciples would suffer eye pain from the glare of the light. Such a cover is no problem. "

Taichang didn't know whether to laugh or cry: "Didn't I ask you to cover the light bulb, you try to put the horn against the wall."

Several disciples of Fang Yizhi heard the words, quickly picked up the cover, and pointed the horn directly at the opposite wall.

This is a simple searchlight.

However, it's not night now, and I don't know how far the searchlight can shine.

Taichang gestured again: "Unfold the silver foil and put it upright about a foot in front of the bell mouth."

This time, the light finally softened a lot.

That is to say, as long as the light bulb is installed upside down, and the position about a foot above it is reflected with silver foil, it can be used as a lighting lamp.

Taichang then explained in detail: "Mizhi, look, if you fix all the bulbs, lampshades and silver foils in this way, and then hang them on the beams of the room, so that the reflective side of the silver foils faces down, Can this replace candles and kerosene lamps for lighting?"

When Fang Yizhi heard the words, he couldn't help but suddenly said: "The emperor is wise, and my servant understands."

Taichang shook his head slowly and said: "This is just a stopgap measure, you still have to find a way to make that kind of light bulb with thin filament, it's best to be able to light up for dozens or even hundreds of hours without blowing out.

In this way, we can put the light bulb directly into civilian use.

At that time, we will be able to make a lot of money. "

Can you make a lot of money this way?

Fang Yizhi was quite puzzled and said: "Your Majesty, the cost of this light bulb is probably a few taels of silver, and the selling price is at least ten taels of silver.

So expensive, how many people can afford it?

If not many people can afford it, we probably won't make much money, right? "

You don't understand this.

Taichang patiently taught: "There are many people who can afford a light bulb for ten taels of silver, not to mention anything else, but those folk workshops and factories can definitely afford it.

Do you know how many workshops and factories there are in Daming now?

I estimate that if you make hundreds of thousands of them, they may not be enough for people to use.

Also, does the light bulb have to be connected to electricity to light it?

We can make a lot of money on this wire again.

Also, at this moment, private workshops and factories must have no electricity. If you want to light up the lights, you must connect with the electricity we generate.

This power generation is costly, and we can completely calculate the price according to the number of light bulbs and the time of use, so that we can make a lot of money.

Also, the filament does not have to be made of gold, you can try other materials.

If ordinary materials can be used instead of gold filaments, the cost of bulbs will be less than one tael or even a few pennies each.

In this way, more people can afford light bulbs. "

Uh, this.

Fang Yizhi heard the words, pondered for a long time, and then said carefully: "Your Majesty, what you said requires a lot of manpower and a lot of time to do it!

For example, installing generators, wiring, calculating the number and usage time of other people's light bulbs, and even collecting money.

These things are very cumbersome, and it may be difficult to promote them without hundreds or thousands of people spending several years doing them.

I'm afraid Wei Chen has no time to waste on such trifles. "

Isn't this simple?

Taichang said without hesitation: "All these can be handed over to the Ministry of Industry, let the Ministry of Industry recruit people, and you can train a little bit.

Your focus is still on research and development, and you can also hand over the training to your disciples. "

That's right, these trivial matters can be left to the Ministry of Industry and his disciples to do!
Hearing the words, Fang Yizhi quickly cupped his hands and said, "I understand."