Hongwu Daming: Why hasn't my son rebelled?

Chapter 189 Three Treasures of Civilization? !
Everyone including Zhang Yu naturally knew how powerful the firearm was, but they didn't know how powerful this firearm could be.

Most of the current firearms are still relatively early firearms, and there is no special technology.

Needless to say, a rifled gun like Zhu Qi, something that appeared 200 years in advance, is really the crushing of military technology.

The range of the rifled guns has already exceeded the range of bows and arrows, so these Ming soldiers rode on horses, holding rifled guns, and fired at the five hundred yuan army cavalry in front of them.

The cavalry of the Yuan army couldn't reach the Ming army at all, and they were smashed into a sieve by a bullet.

If it is a large group of cavalry, it is okay to say that this casualty will not cause any confusion.

But the opponent's Yuan army cavalry was only 500 people, and the bullets like a sieve were shot down.

At least hundreds of people fell off their horses, and were trampled terribly by the people behind. There was a sound of wailing, and their flesh was bloody.

And this kind of situation is the most fatal blow to morale. At least the five hundred yuan soldiers saw their comrades around them fall down one by one, and everyone panicked.

Not to mention that the cavalry panicked, even the commander of the Yuan army's first reaction was to turn around and run away!

No wonder these Ming soldiers ran out to chase after him, it turned out that they had been prepared for a long time!

If they shot as soon as they came out, then my side must have turned around and ran away without saying a word.

As a result, after a round of chasing, if you want to run again, you have to turn the horse's head and speed up again, but it is not so easy.

However, there should be enough time. At this time, even if the firearm needs to be fired a second time, it is not so fast. It will take a lot of time to clean the muzzle and reload the ammunition.

Yuan Jun thought this way, thinking that he could run away, but he didn't expect that there was a second round of gunshots soon behind him.

Another series of bullets crashed into the Yuan army's formation.

The [-] yuan soldiers had already killed more than a hundred people, but now when the second round of shooting came, nearly a hundred people fell down again.

The people they saw were dumbfounded, what kind of firearm is this, it can be filled so quickly? !
Of course, this is the filling method invented by His Royal Highness Liao Wang, which is to wrap the gunpowder and bullets in advance with paper, so that it can be directly stuffed into the barrel without trouble.

But it's not so easy to shoot the third round. It's not a problem of loading bullets.

Fortunately, nearly half of the Yuan army remained in place, and most of them were killed or injured.

Those who didn't die naturally became Zhang Yu's captives.

For Zhang Yu this time, it was great news.

Zhang Yu's first battle after surrendering to the Ming Dynasty, although the scale was small, 300 people against 500 people, but in the current confrontation, such a victory is enough to boost morale.

I believe that for a long time to come, Naha will not dare to send a small group of troops to harass.

Because they don't know whether the whole army is equipped with such powerful firearms of the Ming army. If the whole army is equipped with them, the bows and arrows of the Yuan Dynasty will be useless.

Naturally, it is impossible for the entire army to be equipped with such powerful firearms. Now only Zhang Yu, a small army, has such firearms.

It was Zhu Qi who took it out from his belongings and gave it to him.

Because Zhu Qi knew that Zhang Yu was a surrendered general who had just been subdued, and after reaching the front line of defense, the lieutenants might not necessarily subdue him.

In case of making things difficult for him, it would be much more convenient to have such a well-equipped army in hand.

Facts have proved that Zhu Qi still has a vision, and now is just the time for this batch of firearms to show their power.

However, the number of such firearms is still too rare, because rifled guns must be made by hand.

Even though Zhu Qi has hired many excellent craftsmen, these three hundred guns are all Zhu Qi's current possessions.

After all, this kind of firearms cannot be mass-produced, and if you want to equip the entire army, you must wait until a new type of steelmaking plant is established before it is possible.

The increase in steel production requires a large number of craftsmen to be trained. As for the lathe technology of the assembly line, in the current era, there is no need to think about it.

However, the generals did not know these miscellaneous reasons for restricting the mass production of rifled guns.

They only knew that the power of this firearm was too strong.

But no matter how powerful it is, one must have a sufficiently clear mind in order to obtain results.

However, Zhang Yu was beyond the reach of ordinary people in terms of brains and courage. 300 people dared to go out to fight 500 people, and half of them were repelled.

These lieutenants dare not say that if they want to get their own words, they are guaranteed to have such a record.

This warrior is the most straightforward, and will not engage in so many twists and turns like Wenchen.

If you are amazing, then I admire you. If you are not worthy of virtue, no one will be convinced.

Previously, these lieutenants thought that Zhang Yu was not worthy of virtue, so naturally they were dissatisfied with him.

But seeing his brave and strategic battle today, no one would doubt Zhang Yu's bravery.

Those lieutenants who made things difficult for Zhang Yu before were all ashamed at this time.

After seeing Zhang Yu leading the Ming army to escort the captives back, the lieutenants didn't say much, and went straight up to apologize to Zhang Yu.

"General Zhang is very courageous. It was my narrow-mindedness that almost killed the general. Please don't blame the general."

The other lieutenants also said the same thing one after another, but Zhang Yu laughed out loud, not paying attention at all, and said to the surrounding lieutenants with his hands clasped:

"Generals, what are you talking about?

How could I, Zhang, blame the generals?

If it weren't for the generals who led the army behind Zhang and served as Zhang's backing, Zhang would not have dared to lead [-] cavalry to fight.

If you want me to say that this battle is half as good as the generals.

But this time, Zhang was able to win, in fact, thanks to His Royal Highness Liao Wang.It has nothing to do with Zhang himself.

Oh, by the way, thank you generals, Mr. Zhang is the host here, and I invite you generals to come to my place to eat some wine and meat as a thank you! "

When all the generals saw Zhang Yu, not only did they not blame them, but they also put the credit on them.

Everyone is a little confused, why does this operation look so familiar?
Didn't His Royal Highness King Liao like to do this kind of thing before?
They were embarrassed one by one, but after all, they are all rough people, and they won't be so awkward with each other. Since it comes to drinking and eating meat, they naturally won't refuse, and they all followed Zhang Yu. up.

And after such a thing, Zhang Yu was able to stand firm on the Liaohe defense line.

Zhang Yu did not hide the matter, but reported it to his boss Xu Zengshou immediately.

Zhang Yu also understands things very well, and understands the principle of not jumping the ladder to report.

According to His Highness Liao Wang's trust in him, he could contact His Highness Liao Wang directly, but Zhang Yu still went to talk to Xu Zengshou about it.

Of course Xu Zengshou reported to Zhu Qi immediately, but it was already two days later.

And Zhu Qi was also very surprised when he saw the captives sent over and what Xu Zengshou reported.

Unexpectedly, in just two or three days, Zhang Yu had already gained a firm foothold on the Liaohe defense line. He deserved to be the famous general of Jingnan in the future!

Now that the front line matters, Zhang Yu has settled the relationship with those generals.

Then Zhu Qi didn't worry about this anymore, originally Zhu Qi planned to arrange for other generals to come over and transfer all the lieutenants of Lan Yu away.

But now there is no need to operate like this. Sapphire's lieutenants naturally exist, and they are quite familiar with Liaohe's defense line.

Letting them stay on the Liaohe defense line will save some effort for myself.

Otherwise, it would take a lot of time to arrange for other generals to go over, to be familiar with the defense line, and to formulate tactics.

The most important thing is that Zhu Qi also knows those generals who are famous in history, and Zhu Qi doesn't know those generals who rarely appear in history books. ?

None of Lan Yu's lieutenants is mediocre, and he can be completely trusted and rest assured.

And after dealing with the border defense, Zhu Qi still has a lot of things to deal with by himself.

I thought that when I arrived in Liaoyang, I could be a salted fish prince with peace of mind, so I started fishing slowly.

But he didn't expect that it would be unrealistic to be the prince of salted fish in Daming.

There are local officials in Liaoyang, but I, the king of Liao, have a lot of real power, and even the local officials have to report to me on the daily situation and government affairs.

Although the entire area of ​​Liaodong was not under his control, Zhu Qi was in charge of the line of defense from Liaoyang to Liaohe.

And in this responsible territory, if the people of Ming Dynasty have any grievances or ask for help, it is up to the King of Liao to make up his mind.

Good guy, this is really almost fast forward to Lao Wang's toilet next door is blocked, and I have to go help myself.

Zhu Qi watched the government affairs for several days, and the daily task was that there was a dispute between the family and the neighbor's fields, where there was a fight, or the rich bought the poor's fields.

Everything else is okay, it's just a security case, but if the rich buy the poor's fields, this is a very serious problem.

During the Hongwu period, although it was not expressly stipulated that the sale of land was not allowed.

But Zhu Yuanzhang was born as a poor peasant, so he naturally knew that the greatest hope of peasants was the field under their feet.

It can be said that with this field, the common people have a way of life.

But there are always unpredictable things in the sky, and it is impossible to go smoothly every year, and when encountering these major events that require money, it is inevitable to mortgage the land.

When the money is not paid, the land will naturally be confiscated. This is also the way most rich people annex land.

As in film and television dramas or operas, it is definitely very rare to bring a large number of people to grab things and fields.

For these cases, Zhu Qi has to deal with them specially.

First of all, the government cannot recognize this method of rich households buying land from poor households.

Zhu Yuanzhang once said such a sentence in the first year of Hongwu:

"The cultivator checks his strength and gives it according to the mu. The poor have capital, and the rich are not allowed to merge. If the mergers take up more land as their own business, and transfer the poor to the tenants, it will be a crime."

This simply means that there are only three levels. First, everyone who can farm is allocated land. Second, rich people are strictly prohibited from annexing land. Third, if you dare to swallow land, you will be punished and go to jail.

Not to mention how serious land annexation was in the middle and late dynasties, at least during the Hongwu period, no one dared to do such a thing.

Only Huaixi Xungui's group of vested interests don't take this matter seriously.

They have been annexing the surrounding land, and this is one of the reasons why Zhu Yuanzhang later wiped them out.

Ordinary officials, gentry and wealthy families, if they dare to annex land, let the government know, unless the local government protects you.

Otherwise, if this matter goes up, not only the land you annexed will have to be returned, but even the property of your family will be confiscated, and your family will be exiled to the frontier.

This is a very big punishment.

Therefore, except for those powerful Huaixi nobles, ordinary landlord families really dare not embezzle the property of farmers.

Apart from not daring, after the troubled times at the end of the Yuan Dynasty, the population of the Central Plains has experienced a wave of sharp decline.

At this time, the Ming Dynasty was still encouraging land reclamation, and there were far more land than people, so naturally there was no such urgent land conflict.

Many rich and powerful people prefer to hire people to reclaim land. After all, the reclaimed land is also counted as their own land property.

But it is also difficult to guarantee that some people who are obsessed with money and lose their minds want to snatch those lands with good soil quality.

There are a few in Jiangnan, but there is no need to mention the end.

As for Liaodong, Zhu Qi had just been here for a few days, but he encountered such cases every day.

The root cause is that the people in Liaodong don't know much about the laws of Ming Dynasty.

They are still used to doing things the way they did in the Yuan Dynasty.

But they are accustomed to their habits, and the laws of Ming Dynasty must be enforced, so naturally they will not give extra favors outside the law.

These people first spit out the land, and then confiscated all the property of the family, and the land that happened to be taken back by the landlord can continue to be distributed to the people below.

But Zhu Qi also understood that all this seemed beautiful, but it was only temporary.

At most, it will last for seven to eighty years. After the population quadruples, the land will definitely not be enough.

It is even more impossible and unrealistic to put an end to those rich landlords and oppress ordinary people.

As long as it is under the feudal dynasty system, no matter how perfect it is, it is impossible to liberate the peasants on the land.

Because the vested interests and the ruling class simply don't stand with the common people.

This involves deeper institutional and philosophical issues, but this is not for Zhu Qi to consider. Anyway, he can live well for the next seven or eighty years.

Zhu Qi was also not wordy, and with a wave of his hand, he sent all these cases to trial. In a word, he just robbed the rich and gave to the poor, and it was over.

However, Zhu Qi did not forget his feelings, so he was ready for the issue of opening a new school in Liaodong.

The common people of Ming Dynasty all hoped that their children could take the imperial examination.

As long as you pass the imperial examination, you will not only be exempted from the land tax, but you will also be able to become an official in the future. There are many benefits, so there is no need to mention it.

It's just the Four Books and Five Classics. These things may be very valuable for stabilizing social relations.

But for the development of the country and technology, it is not very useful at all.

Therefore, Zhu Qi's new school does not care about the Four Books and Five Classics, but mainly focuses on natural science, with a preference for science content.

Of course, there are also liberal arts, but liberal arts is not the Four Books and Five Classics, it is directly arranged for you in the courses of Chinese, geography, history and politics.

Education is the most important thing for a country to develop. If education cannot keep up, let alone other things.

How many countries in modern times achieved their rise, didn't they start with education, and then overtake in a corner?
Daming doesn't have any overtaking problems now, after all, he is the only number one in the world.

Other countries are not in Da Ming's eyes, even if they are as strong as Bei Yuan, they are still under the hammer of Da Ming.

With such a big advantage, and the Hongwu period when politics was the clearest, Zhu Qi naturally couldn't miss this wave of bonuses.

Taking advantage of the current time to quickly set up a new school in Liaodong and promote the new education will naturally benefit a lot after the Ming Dynasty.

This can be regarded as one of the few useful things that Zhu Qi, the prince of fishing, can do for the Ming Dynasty.

And to build a new-style school, it is not just talking about it, the school can be built, the first thing is to modify the house.

Zhu Qi is naturally not good at things like building a house.

Although he has cement in hand, Zhu Qi does not intend to use cement to build a house, because Zhu Qi does not have the key props for building a house with cement - steel bars.

The production of cement is very simple and not complicated, but the production of steel bars is much more complicated.

If it is not an industrial country, it cannot even manufacture screws, let alone such things as steel bars.

When the People's Republic of China was first established, it was impossible to manufacture such a thing. It was only later with the help of Big Brother that it successfully established its own industrial system.

Not to mention the Ming Dynasty, the current technology can produce cement, which is already enough strength, so there is no need to think about steel bars.

Some people may say, isn't this rural area all using cement and bamboo to build houses?

Don't get me wrong, in the countryside, what is built with cement and bamboo is not a house, but a concrete floor in the yard.

Cement and bamboo can indeed be used to build a house, but the safety of the house built in this way is not to mention, it may collapse in two or three years.

How heavy is this cement, it would kill someone if you press it down.

However, if you build a concrete floor on the open space in the yard, you can completely use bamboo to replace the role of steel bars.

As for using cement to modify the fortifications, this is naturally possible. If you just use cement to paste the wall, it will not pose a great threat to people's lives, but if you use cement to build a house, it is really serious. Just kidding.

Because of this, the construction of the new school did not allow Zhu Qi to make many choices.

After thinking about it, it is better to use cement to build the wall and the ground, and use conventional construction methods for the rest.

The craftsmen are already very proficient in the use of cement, and Zhu Qi brought so many craftsmen this time, so there is naturally enough manpower.

However, some people were recruited in Liaodong to train these craftsmen and teach them how to use cement to make floors and walls.

As for the other main buildings of the school, we directly asked the local people to help them build them.

These days, every ordinary person is an expert at building houses, not only that, but also knows how to decorate, which can be said to be almost omnipotent.

Money is naturally not a little less.

Zhu Qi may not have much on him, but he really has a lot of things like money. Let alone what he earned in Yingtian Mansion in the past few years, even Zhu Yuanzhang can't count the rewards.

Ever since, the common people in Liaoyang saw His Highness Liao Wang who had just arrived in Liaoyang, and began to sway the gold, silver and jewelry in his hands, recruiting craftsmen to build houses for him.

Everyone thought His Royal Highness Liao Wang was going to build a new Liao Wangfu.

Although His Royal Highness King Liao's bedroom is very large and magnificent, it was built by the former Emperor Bei Yuan after all. Maybe people think it's not clean here, and maybe they want to build a separate palace!

However, the common people just guessed like this, and someone who knew the inside story said to the outside world:

"His Royal Highness the King of Liao is not planning to build some kind of palace!

His Royal Highness King Liao, this is to build a school. "

As for what is the school for?That must be for us ordinary people to go to school!

Everyone was confused when they heard it. Private schools at this time were not as popular as they were in the middle and late Ming Dynasty.

Even in the late Song Dynasty, there were a large number of private schools, but after the destruction of the Yuan Dynasty, the private schools fell again.

It was not until the middle and late Ming Dynasty that the private school started to flourish again, and it reached its peak in the Qing Dynasty.

So when it comes to the concept of school, everyone's first reaction is that of Yingtianfu's Guozijian.

Then I heard others say that the school that His Royal Highness Liao Wang wants to build is not at all the school of Guozijian, and it is not for the imperial examination, but to fill the talent gap in Liao Wangfu.

Anyway, all kinds of theories have come out, and the common people don't know which is true and which is false, but it is not a bad thing to have a new school.

If my own children can really go to this school to study, even if they don't take the imperial examination, they can go to work under Liao Wang's subordinates, which will be much more convenient.

These days, ordinary people have to pay taxes and labor according to their own household registration system.

But if you can take refuge in the name of the nobles and become their servants, then you don't have to pay taxes and labor. This is also a drawback of the household registration system of the Ming Dynasty.

After Zhu Yuanzhang's death, many ordinary people became servants of other dignitaries in order to avoid taxes and labor.

In order to be able to take refuge in high-ranking officials and nobles, they are even willing to take out their own money and take refuge with them with their land and so on.

This provision greatly exacerbated the occurrence of land mergers.

During the Hongwu period, the criminal law could still be used to curb it, but after the Hongwu period, things gradually got out of control.

Not only that, after the common people have taken refuge in the powerful and powerful, they don't have to pay their share of taxes, it's not that they don't spend money.

Instead, the land was gone, and the money was taken by the master!
Isn't the country's tax revenue less and less!In the middle and late Ming Dynasty, the tax received by the emperor was not even as good as the money earned by the richest man in Jiangnan in half a year.

Such a country is really rotten to the bone.

However, this situation will soon undergo a major change. Let alone the extra income brought by tariffs, even if it is about the system of officials and gentry not paying taxes, Zhu Yuanzhang has recently been seriously considering it.

Because Zhu Qi stated in detail the disadvantages of officials and gentry not paying taxes, he has already made it very clear. As for the solution, the one-whip method is an entry-level level, and Yongzheng's sharing of people into the mu is the fundamental solution.

By the way, this is actually an upgraded version of the whip method.

If Zhang Juzheng's whipping method was not abolished so quickly in the late Ming Dynasty, it would not be inferior to that of Tan Ding Ru Mu.

The method has been given to Zhu Yuanzhang. As for when Zhu Yuanzhang uses this method, that is his business, but Zhu Qi heard that there is already a place where secret experiments and explorations are being carried out.

And the reason why Zhu Yuanzhang didn't put the stalls into the mu, he took them out directly.

After Zhu Qi thought about it, it might be because the Huaixi Xungui Group is too powerful.

If the stalls are taken out directly, the Huaixi Xungui Group will be the one that will suffer the most damage. Why don't they collectively fry the pot?

The Northern Yuan Dynasty has not been destroyed yet, and Zhu Yuanzhang still needs these nobles from Huaixi to help him work hard. Naturally, it is not a good time to cook and hide.

It is estimated that after the demise of Beiyuan, Zhu Yuanzhang will definitely clean up these Huaixi nobles one by one.

And after tidying them up, it won't be too long before the birth of this little thing.

I believe that under the blessing of the two insurances of tariffs and sharing the income per mu, Daming's tax revenue will definitely not be much less in the future.

On the land of Liaodong, Zhu Qi quickly summoned hundreds of craftsmen and nearly a thousand civilian husbands.

But it is still summer, which is a good time for farming in Liaodong. Naturally, this time will not be chosen to start construction and build some schools.

All the people have been found. As long as the busy farming season is over, the school will start to be built in Liaodong.

And Zhu Qi took advantage of this time to choose a suitable address near Liaoyang.

As for the land issue, it is also easy to solve. The land in Liaodong is still very vast, and the population is not large.

Under the current situation, the land suitable for planting is not very wide, and there are large tracts of wasteland that can be used to build schools.

After Zhu Qi circled a large area, he notified the government and was approved. There was no major problem in terms of procedures.

The next step is to wait for the peasants to build schools after they are busy with farming, and then recruit students to start the education of the new school.

While Zhu Qi was planning the blueprint for the establishment of a new school in the future, as well as how to develop his power in Liaodong, and his future plans for farming.

A great piece of good news also came from Tianjin Wei.

Wang Chuanqi, who had been dismissed from his post, had already returned from outside with his fleet.

After nearly two years of exploration, Wang Chuanqi successfully arrived in America. Not only that, but he also lived up to expectations and found the seeds he wanted in America.

Corn, potatoes and sweet potatoes!

These three are the legendary three treasures of civilization!

If you want to farm, you can't do without corn, potatoes and sweet potatoes.

Although it may be a bit exaggerated, the population explosion during the Qing Dynasty was inseparable from the introduction of these three crops into China.

As for someone explaining that there were seeds such as corn and potatoes in the Ming Dynasty, why didn't the population explode in the Ming Dynasty?

Of course, it was because these seeds were introduced in the late Ming Dynasty. At that time, how could the government have the intention to promote them?

It is absolutely two different things to promote it. There were cotton seeds in the Tang Dynasty, but have you ever seen the government promote it?
The real popularization of cotton was only really popularized in the hands of Zhu Yuanzhang.

For example, governments in various places are now encouraging farmers to grow cotton.

The government will buy it out of the box. The reason why Zhu Yuanzhang popularized cotton is also for the need to fight against the Beiyuan.

After all, the weather in the north is cold, and when soldiers go to the north to fight, clothes to keep out the cold must be indispensable. As cotton is the best choice to keep out the cold, Zhu Yuanzhang will naturally encourage large-scale planting.

Although Zhu Qi hadn't met Wang Chuanqi yet, he was trembling with excitement when he saw the letter Wang Chuanqi sent.

Wang Chuanqi, you have done me a great service!

(End of this chapter)