The Happy Life of Small Officials in Northern Song Dynasty

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Under the surprised eyes of everyone, Su Jin explained the thoughts that he had been thinking about for a long time: "The money circulated in the Song Dynasty is mainly copper coins. Although copper coins are light and thin, it is still very troublesome to use them in large quantities. It weighs more than five catties. For an ordinary strong man, carrying thirty or fifty pennies is already a heavy burden. Because of this, every time he goes out with money, he must hire a bodyguard agency to escort him, and mules, horses and carts are also indispensable. Isn’t it a strange thing to waste manpower and financial resources, worry about not having money, and worry about having money?”

Yan Biyun suddenly said: "Do you want to learn from Yizhou in the first year of Tiansheng and issue Jiaozi?"

Su Jin was taken aback, and suddenly remembered that the Song Dynasty had issued the world's earliest banknotes, called "Jiaozi". If Jiaozi was feasible, wouldn't my idea be useless? Isn't it easy and enjoyable for people to carry banknotes for shopping?

But since Jiaozi is so convenient, why have paper money not prevailed in the Song Dynasty since the first year of Tiansheng, but still use heavy copper coins as currency for transactions?

"My family heard from my uncle that in the first year of Tiansheng, under the advice of Xue Tian and Zhang Ruogu, Yizhou transfer envoys, the imperial court set up Yizhou Jiaozi in Shu, and issued official jiaozi with different face values ​​for exchanges. In terms of trading, what you mean is that you want to imitate them and issue Jiaozi." Yan Biyun said.

Su Jin waved his hand and said: "No, what I said is different from Jiaozi. In fact, issuing Jiaozi is also a good way, but since the official Jiaozi has been issued for 16 years, copper coins are still used as a means of circulation in Song Dynasty. It was not successfully issued; I am afraid that the common people are not willing to use it?"

Yan Biyun said: "You're right. The imperial court originally cast iron coins instead of copper coins because of the lack of copper in Shu. The iron coins are not only heavy, but also of relatively low value. The value of iron coins is usually only worth a hundred coins of copper coins. What's more, outside Yizhou The private merchants and common people in various prefectures did not recognize the value of iron coins, and the imperial court was unable to transfer copper coins to Shu for unified replacement, so a kind of spontaneous folk Jiaozi was collected by the imperial court for issuance; however, the imperial court did not prepare a corresponding exchange mechanism. After the common people got the jiaozi, they could not exchange it for real coins, and over time the jiaozi lost their credibility, so that there were many users, and the common people complained, and a good thing turned into a bad thing instead.”

Su Jin said: "Then these handouts have become a piece of waste paper?"

Yan Biyun said: "Yes, the later Jiaozi was almost a piece of waste paper. The imperial court did not know who to follow, and issued new Jiaozi to replace the old Jiaozi; The old jiaozi had five strands, which led to a sharp decline in the credibility of jiaozi, and also led to a sharp depreciation of jiaozi; after the government stopped exchanging money, one strand of new jiaozi could only be exchanged for one hundred copper coins on the market, which almost made a mistake .”

Su Jin scolded: "Isn't this a nonsense? At that time, Master Yan was not in charge of the Third Division. Such a foolish idea can be figured out. Isn't this a disguised form to search for the richness of the people and drink poison to quench their thirst? Is the establishment of Jiaoziwu still in existence? ?”

Yan Biyun said: "It's still there. The two roads in Beijing, West and Shaanxi are also included in the scope of use of Jiaozi. When the government's finances are tight, it will issue Jiaozi to apportion it. It promises to increase the high interest rate within three to five years, but three to five Even if these transfers are exchanged after the next year, it will be a huge loss. Therefore, there was a riot in Shaanxi the year before last, and my uncle tried to cancel it several times, but was dismissed; as you said, this is indeed drinking poison to quench thirst. "

Su Jin understands that the imperial court is using Jiaozi as a kind of national debt in a disguised form. When the exchange period comes, inflation will make these Jiaozi depreciate and lose money. , Shaanxi, the common people of the three places.

"Jiaozi is issued as banknotes with sufficient reserves to realize credit. It should be free of exchange and have measures to guarantee value. Isn't this a nonsense for a big country to play with such narrow minds?" Su Jin was speechless.

"What is the method that the big boss said? Don't get involved with these things, it's a scam." Zhang Rongqin said.

Su Jindao: "The method I mentioned has nothing to do with the imperial court. The common people don't believe in fictitious things like Jiaozi, so we let the common people trade with copper coins. We only need to set up silver villages in places where commerce is developed everywhere to carry out free exchange. , this problem will be solved.”

"Yinzhuang? Free exchange?" Everyone was dumbfounded. They had never heard of these words before, and they were all in the fog. They didn't understand what Su Jin meant.

"I originally wanted to call it a bank, but Yinzhuang sounds more domineering, so let's call it Yinzhuang; the principle of operation is very simple. For example, I, Su Ji, set up Yinzhuang in Bianliang, Luzhou, and Yingtianfu. If he purchases goods in the capital, then he only needs to deposit the required money into the bank established in Luzhou. Our bank shows the receipt, and the person only needs to carry the receipt on the road. If you can’t buy it in the capital, you can take the receipt to Yingtianfu to buy it, and the receipt is also valid, don’t you think this is extremely convenient?”

All the people present were dumbfounded. This idea is simply too wonderful. It seems that a new world has appeared in front of everyone. If it can be realized at this time, it will naturally be a great thing. In the scene Su Jin depicted, the flower hall was completely silent for a while.

"What? Does this method work?" Su Jin looked at everyone's expressions with some doubts. In his memory, this kind of money bank in the form of exchange only existed in the Ming Dynasty. Why didn't the Song Dynasty develop, and Su Jin couldn't figure it out either. I understand; in short, since the Song Dynasty did not have such a form of exchange bank, there must be a reason for it, either because there is no basis for its creation, or there are other reasons for restricting it, but Su Jin believes that it is precisely because the Song Dynasty did not have a bank that it is possible for him to Get this done, and the rewards for this will be extremely rich.

"Papa papa" Yan Biyun applauded lightly, looking at Su Jin with a smile in his eyes, eyes full of admiration.

All the shopkeepers also applauded, Zhang Rongqin got up and cupped his hands and said: "This old man has not surrendered to Da Dong's five bodies until now. Before, he thought that Da Dong's quick brains and good luck could lead Su Ji back to life. Now look at it." Come on, the Dadong family is a wonderful flower in business. I worship you!"

Su Jin said in his heart: "You are the weird one, and your whole family is the weird one!"

"This idea is really good, but I have some doubts." Yan Biyun thought for a while.

Su Jin smiled and said: "Quickly ask, I'm full of answers, and I'll wait for you to ask. Once you ask, it will prove that this matter is feasible."

Yan Biyun rolled his eyes at him and said quietly: "First, opening this kind of silver village is naturally convenient for purchasing, but where does Su Jili come from?"

Su Jin raised his thumb and said, "It's no surprise that it's Dong Yan's family, so it's a good idea to ask in one sentence."

Yan Biyun blushed and said angrily, "Quickly answer, don't say it's useless."

Su Jin knocked on the table and said, "Where does the profit come from? Naturally, it comes from the customers. You only need to set an interest rate and extract it as profit in proportion; the protection of the bodyguard bureau is not only about the distance, but also the amount, and the fees are naturally very high." , and this kind of Yinzhuang only takes the amount of money exchanged as a base, and draws fees according to a low rate on this basis, which saves me a lot of money compared to escort escorts."

Everyone seemed to understand, so Su Jin had to give another example: "For example, Dong Yan's family wants to remit 100 million guan from my Suji Yinzhuang to Luzhou. If they invite the escort agency, they will have to pay the escort agency about [-] guan, about the same?"

Yan Biyun nodded and said: "Two for a thousand within a hundred miles, two or five for a thousand within five hundred miles, and three or even five for a thousand within five hundred miles. If you calculate it from Luzhou to the capital, you will have to pay about three thousand guan. "

Su Jin said: "Three thousand guan is not a small amount, but if you exchange it from Yinzhuang, no matter how far or near, you can choose one in a thousand, as long as you pay 100 guan, you can take out the [-] million guan at any time and anywhere. What is the difference between the two?" I don’t need to explain whether it’s better or worse.”

Everyone buzzed and nodded, if there was such a good thing, who would spend unjustly money to hire an escort agency? Be sure, if you encounter a robbing dart, you will be finished, and then you will be involved in endless lawsuits for restitution. Not to mention the delay in business, it is uncertain whether the money can be compensated.

Su Jin continued: "The benefits are not limited to this. If someone has thousands of dollars at home and is afraid of being stolen or robbed, then he can deposit the money in the Yinzhuang, and the Yinzhuang will keep it on his behalf. Not only will we not collect money, Instead, they will be paid interest according to the length of time they have saved their money."

Shopkeeper Zhao Da said: "Isn't that a loss of money? How can I make money?"

Su Jin smiled and said: "You don't understand this. The interest paid is naturally not high. It's great to give ten thousand guan a year to ten guan and fifteen guan; but think about it, if the ten thousand guan is in the How much money can we make? Shopkeeper Zhao, if I give you [-] guan, you can do whatever business you want according to your ability, how much can you earn in a year?"

Shopkeeper Zhao said: "If you are old, you have to earn more than a thousand guan."

Su Jin laughed and said: "Let's make a discount, and we can definitely earn [-] guan? We earned [-] guan, and distributed [-] guan to the owner who saved the money. Isn't that right? We are still holding the big head .”

Everyone suddenly realized: "Oh, it turns out that they are using other people's money to make money for themselves, and at the same time they are taking some sweet water to wipe their mouths."

Su Jin smacked his lips and said: "Don't say it so directly, this thing is called a 'win-win'. The money of the local rich is of no use at home, and they can't make money, and they are worried; but in our hands, it can be used to make money. Cub, and then give him some benefits, and we also lose hard money, isn't this a win-win situation?"

Everyone looked at Su Jin with eyes that were close to admiration, and Yan Biyun was also deeply shocked by Su Jin's whimsical ideas, but she was not lost yet, and she still had a lot of question marks in her stomach, hoping that Su Jin could give her an explanation .

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