Riding the wind of rebirth

Chapter 518 Dayi Shu Kiln

The first thing that caught everyone's attention was a small plate.

And the label on the bottom reads "Tang Dayi Shu Kiln White Porcelain Lotus Leaf Dish".

The dish is not big, about fifteen centimeters in diameter. It is shaped like a lotus leaf with a slightly warped mouth. The color is delicate and white, and the glaze surface is slightly pitted. Orange peel".

Mr. Zhang lifted up the small piece of paper attached to the bottom of the disk, and found that the bottom was full of flint red. From the junction of the glaze edge, it can be seen that the disk was first made of red clay, and after the tire was repaired, white clay was used as a "makeup". Two layers were modified with "soil" to obtain a white body, and then the white body was glazed with plant ash and fired in a kiln to obtain this white porcelain plate.

The most important thing is that there are four small characters "Tianbao Yongchang" written in green brown glaze under the glaze on the bottom of the bowl.

"Is this inference a bit hasty?" Mr. Zhang asked: "I remember a saying, the so-called 'Dayi white porcelain', which is actually just a misunderstanding of Du Fu, because the white porcelain in the middle of Shu was never used. It is famous, and the kiln site in Dayi has not been discovered?"

"The north and south kiln mouths of Chinese white porcelain are generally determined to be three. One is the northern system, that is, the Xing kiln of the Tang Dynasty - the Ding kiln of the Song Dynasty - the white porcelain of the Liao Dynasty - the Ding kiln of the later dynasty. There are many kiln mouths in Yaozhou."

"In the south, the successful firing of the egg white glaze for the JDZ Privy Ware in the Yuan Dynasty is generally the starting point, followed by the Ming Yongle sweet white glaze, which is the highest achievement in the history of white porcelain."

"In addition, there is another branch, which is the 'ivory white' of the famous Fujian Dehua Kiln."

"We found a kiln for making white porcelain in Pengzhou in central Sichuan. It was once misread as the kiln mouth of the Dayi kiln in the Tang Dynasty in Du Fu's poem. The inheritance of the imitation Ding kiln is the kiln mouth after the Song Dynasty."

Zhou Zhi couldn't help giving a thumbs up: "Mr. Zhang's research on porcelain is deep enough."

"Don't put a high hat on the old man." Zhang Lao waved his hand: "Tell me the reason why you broke this small plate."

Zhou Zhi said with a smile: "The inference that Mr. Zhang said that there is no white porcelain in Dayi actually originated from an article in the "Peninsula Morning News", because Du Fu once wrote a poem called "Yong Dayi Porcelain" ", the first work "Begging for Dayi Porcelain Bowls at Wei Chu", the poem says: Dayi porcelain is light and strong, and the buckle is like mourning jade. The white bowl of Jun's house is better than frost and snow, and it is pitiful to send it to Maozhai urgently. Right? ?”

"Yes, this poem is demonstrated in the article, and it is considered to be an 'solitary evidence'. Dayi has neither kilns nor physical evidence, so it cannot be true."

Zhou Zhi smiled and said, "But this so-called isolated evidence is because the author of the article is not well-informed."

"How do you say that?"

"First of all, let's verify this poem. Regarding its annotations, in the second volume of "Characters·Liuyu·Tang" of "Dayi County Chronicles" published by Qianlong in the Qing Dynasty, the entry of 'Du Fu' is clearly recorded: Dayi is far from Chongqing. There is only one house in the state. Shaoling went to Zhouzhi Dongge to watch the plum blossoms. When I passed Dayi, I met the order of the city and visited the porcelain kiln.

"In the text, 'she' is the unit used to calculate mileage in ancient times, that is, thirty miles. 'Yi Ling' refers to the county magistrate. Wei Ban, the county magistrate of Dayi, is a friend of Du Fu. In the poem, 'Ai Yu' describes the sound of porcelain touching as clear as jade. The poem says that the porcelain fired in Dayi is light in weight, tough in texture, and the sound of knocking is like jade. It is famous in Jincheng and whiter than frost and snow."

"It can be seen from Du Fu's poems that Du Fu begged for porcelain bowls from Dayi County Magistrate Wei Ban first, and then visited Dayi porcelain kilns."

"Scholars of all dynasties believed in the Dayi white porcelain sung by Du Fu and held a positive attitude. The "JDZ Taolu" written by JDZ Lan Pu was written in the 20th year of Jiaqing in the Qing Dynasty. In the Tang Dynasty, the white porcelain fired in Dayi, Qiongzhou, Sichuan, was thin but firm, white in color and clear in sound, and was treasured at that time...'”

"'Dayi's porcelain is light and firm, knocking like mourning jade. The white bowl of Jun's house is better than frost and snow, and it is pitiful to send it to Maozhai in a hurry." The first sentence is beautiful in quality, the second sentence is beautiful in sound, and the third sentence is beautiful in color The beauty of Shu kiln can be imagined."

"Volume 23 of Qiongzhou Chronicles, the engraved edition of Jiaqing in the 37rd year of the Qing Dynasty, also contains: When Shaoling went to Zhoudong Pavilion to watch the plum blossoms, he passed Dayi, met the order of the town, and visited the porcelain kiln."

"The poem "Send Cui Lushi in Qiongzhou" written by Du Fu shows that Du Fu has a very close relationship with Cui Lushi in Qiongzhou. Dayi is the place he must pass from Chongzhou to Qiongzhou. During the Republic of China, Shao Zhemin and Yu Jimen wrote Supplement "A Study of the Origin and Development of Ancient and Modern Porcelain" says: "The Shu kiln was built in the Tang Dynasty in Dayi, Chongzhou, Shuchuan.The body of the vessel is thin and firm, the color is white and the sound is clear, also known as 'Dayi Porcelain'. "

"Du Fu went to Chengdu at the end of 1960 and lived in Chengdu for several years. Dayi was established as a county in the second year of Tang Xianheng, that is, in 90. Du Fu wrote "Begging for Dayi Porcelain Bowls in Wei Chu" in Shudu in [-], It was written [-] years after Dayi was established in the county. Therefore, the time when Du Fu met with the county magistrate of Dayi, visited the porcelain kiln, and communicated with "Cui Lushi of Qiongzhou" were all during his residence in Chengdu. From the time of creation and the textual research of documents and historical facts Firstly, the deeds of Du Fu's poems are consistent with the history and politics; secondly, there are no voices of doubt in the records of the past dynasties, which shows that there is no doubt about the production of white porcelain in Shu in the Tang Dynasty."

"The article also believed that no remains of the Dayi porcelain kiln were found, which is not true."

"As early as the 60s and 27s of the [-]th century, Mr. Yang Xiaogu, an expert in cultural relics and archaeology, mentioned the 'Dayi Kiln' in the first issue of "Huaxi Cultural Relics": Recently, a statue of the kiln king was excavated from the soil of the Dongguan site in Dayi, and there were inscriptions on it. It is said that "the third year of Tianbao in the Tang Dynasty, on June [-]th, Yongchang kiln in Dexinli, Jinyuan County, Tang'an County respectfully built the statue of the kiln king", a total of [-] characters. There is the original white glaze hanging on it, and I know the porcelain kiln in Dayi, which was famous in Tang Dynasty. Yongchang Kiln Those who are in the present Chongzhou Dongguan Field."

"In addition, it is also recorded that a milky-white and printed middle plate fragment was excavated from the soil of Huaiyuan Town, Chongzhou, and a powder-white plain pottery fragment was excavated from the soil of Pu Village, Guan County."

"These are all important information. We know that Dayi County was named Jinyuan when it was established in the Tang Dynasty, and Dayi County was named Jinyuan Town because of this."

"The third year of Tianbao in the Tang Dynasty was the year before the Anshi Rebellion, and it was still in the heyday of the Tang Dynasty. Dayi kiln had a statue of the kiln king decorated with white glaze, and the kiln king was like a god worshiped by ancient porcelain practitioners. The kiln burners and porcelain makers of the city's ancestors believed in the kiln king for a long time."

"Mr. Xiaogu also described the processing technology of the white porcelain fragments unearthed at that time: the white glaze is milky white with the addition of cattle bone ash, and the whitest soil is hung on the white fetal bone, which is called 'make-up soil'. With white glaze, it looks even whiter."

"Since the 80s, Sui and Tang kiln sites have been excavated near Dayi County. Many ancient porcelain kilns in Dayi have been found in Jinyuan Town. In January [-], a lot of porcelain and porcelain pieces were found in Danan Street, Dayi County. And picked up a very delicate lotus plate."

"According to expert research, the ruins here are porcelain relics from the Tang and Song Dynasties, as well as a large number of folk porcelain with local characteristics and exquisite white porcelain fragments. This kind of white porcelain fragments has a white and hard body, as thin as paper, and a lustrous glaze. , turning extremely well, exactly like Du Fu's description."

(End of this chapter)