Prime Minister Bizen

Chapter 87 "Four Fields Law" of Tianmu Reform

·Every big transfer is a good time to find out the situation of the territory, because the rewards of each transfer lord are based on stone heights, but before the harvest, it is impossible to accurately know the harvest of each anti-field.

Therefore, Feng Xingzhong divided the field into three categories according to the output of the field in the past, middle and low, and multiplied it by the corresponding number of fields to get the corresponding area of ​​the retainer.

And if the record of previous years’ harvest in this territory is missing, the Adherent Assembly will call the local people to calculate the number of acres of land based on the number of people. After all, Shi Gao will cheat, and the grain will not be faked. How much food can feed how many people.

At the beginning of the year, when the beautiful works were transferred to the Hideo family, they sent followers to follow the wealthy family to Xinling, divide Xinling, and set up a Sakai stele, which is called "preventing border disputes".

With the end of the transfer, the lord obtained a map with a schematic diagram of the territory boundary, on which the mountains, rivers and rivers were marked, and the pressed flower of the Xiu family and the lord's flower were stamped on it to show the boundaries of the fiefdom between the lord and his retainers. recognition.

Why did Xiujia do this kind of thing when it was transferred?Because the new lord who has been transferred here also wants to know the real situation of his new lord. On this point, the Xiu family and the new lord are on the same side.

In the past, when the Xiu family wanted to seize the territory, or the new lord wanted to seize the territory, they would often face resistance from lower-level warriors or local leaders, but when the lord and the big lord stand on the same front and have strong strength in their hands as a trump card, you If they resist the seizure, they will all be taken away and sent to Okayama to build a city.

Before the inspection of Meizuo Country, the total book value was 14.5 shi, the land entrusted to the wealthy family was 10.21 shi, and the direct control was 3.2 shi. Is it different?Because there are still 1.1 stones belonging to the temple's property.

After half a year of inspection, the Xiu family got the real situation of Meizuo: 17.6 shi high for the whole collection, 10.21 shi for the wealthy family, 5.09 shi for direct collection, 1.89 shi higher than the original table height data .

This is not surprising, because all the fields around Zhilingjin Mountain have been cultivated for a century, and it is almost impossible to reclaim wasteland and increase production.What surprised Xiujia the most was that when he pretended to be helping the temple and the samurai to draw the border, he actually found out that the property of the Meizuo temple was as high as 2 shi!so angry~
in.There are about 3.8 shi around Jinshan, and the remaining 1.29 shi are in the Lingling Jiaojiao at the junction of various powerful clans. The Xiu family plans to use this part of Lingjiao as a place for the samurai Zhixing, who is less than 500 shi Zhixing. It is not awarded to the field, but converted into city salary, which will be distributed uniformly after the autumn harvest.

According to the experience of land inspection when Meizuo was transferred, Xiujia plans to take advantage of this transfer to Beiqian and Beizhong to conduct a systematic inspection of Shigao in the two countries, although there will inevitably be errors in the data. But it still allows Xiujia to discover many unregistered new fields.

It's just that this direction of seizing land cannot be passed down systematically, especially after the world is peaceful, there is no excuse for seizing land. If you forcibly seize land, it may arouse dissatisfaction from retainers and landlords.

But if you pass the land inspection and take away the land that the leader has reclaimed, it will dampen the enthusiasm of the leader to reclaim the wasteland, which is very detrimental to the increase of the strength of the family.

Taking advantage of this opportunity, the Xiu family experimented with the reform of direct collars, and decided to implement full collars in the future.

During the reform, private land monopoly was strictly prohibited, and at the same time, land was divided into four categories: granted land, occupied land, exposed land, and double land. This decree was called the "Four Fields Law".

Granting land, you can understand it as the "knowledge and action" given to farmers, which is granted by Yuxijia to farmers. The sovereignty of the land is Yuxijia, and the ownership belongs to the farmers themselves.

As long as you are still a citizen of your own family and pay taxes on time, you can pass it on from generation to generation.Of course, the taxpayer here is the lord of your land registered in Yuxiduo or the head of Yuxiduo.

This part of the land is strictly restricted from sale and deprivation. Even the wealthy family has no right to deprive and distribute, and all matters, big or small, need to be reported to Yuxi Duomu for disposal.

As for the acquisition of the granted land, Xiujia obtained it by referring to the military merit rewards in the "Ukita Military Law".That is, each head is worth 1 point, and every 10 stones can be exchanged for 10 stone fields.It's just that farmers are twice as many as warriors, that is, 10 heads can be exchanged for 5 acres of grain-producing fields.

This is the realization of military attack granting land!It further stimulated the enthusiasm of the peasants in the territory for military exploits, making them fight even harder, and sometimes they fought harder than the samurai.

Lutian, that is, the land temporarily granted by the host family to the landless farmers for cultivation, the sovereignty of these lands is the Yuxi family, and the ownership belongs to the wealthy family of this territory. Both the Yuxi family and the wealthy family have the right to dispose of this territory.

However, in order to ensure stability, it is also clearly marked in the law, and generally only after the death of the cultivator will it be recovered and redistributed.

Zhantian means land owned by the people themselves.That is, the newly reclaimed land that has not been included in the catalog by means of reclamation of sea fields, tidal flats, and flat mountain terraces.

This part of the land shall be declared in accordance with the requirements in the following text, and can enjoy preferential treatment. After the expiration, it will be transformed into granted land and open field according to the ratio of 2/8.

That is, after the expiration, 20% of it can be turned into the land handed down by the times, and you can obtain the ownership of this land, and the other 80% will become the ownership of Yuxiduo or the land of the wealthy family in this territory. Redistribution occurs after death.

Speaking of this, I have to say it again, the Ukita Hide family's policy of restricting fields.It is called limited land, that is, each household will be granted different land grants and open fields according to the labor force situation of the family. The grant land will not be taken back even if there is a shortage of labor force. You can find a way to cultivate it yourself and pay taxes on time. .

However, if the open field is due to the reduction of labor force, it will definitely not be able to complete the cultivation on time and in quantity, and pay taxes.Then your open fields will be cut off by a corresponding amount, and this part of the land is strictly and flexibly restricted, and there will be no situation where there is no one to cultivate the fields.

Beta is based on a reward that exists outside of Lutian and Zentian.

For rich peasants and landowners who have certain farming ability, such as pack horses, cattle and other farm animals in their homes, who can expand the scope of cultivation, Xiujia will temporarily grant them open fields that exceed the limited number of fields. These fields are called Beitian. Farming conditions change.

In order to prevent the new fields from being reclaimed from being scattered after 2/8 minutes, the Xiu family did not prohibit the sale and purchase of fields, but all the transactions of fields must strictly abide by the "Four Fields Law" Limited land, or the acquisition of more than officially registered land grant through sales.

All transactions must be registered and verified at the Yuxiduo Farm Enforcement Office. Unregistered transactions will not be counted, and Yuxiduo will not recognize them.

For every excess amount of field granted, the situation must be strictly explained. It is not allowed to grant excess fields to others when there are refugees in the territory who have no land to cultivate. Priority is given to ensuring that every household has land.

At the same time, the Xiu family also clarified in the decree the ratio of different degrees of food tax reduction and exemption for disaster-stricken people. For the affected people, the Xiu family will temporarily provide them with a work-for-relief policy to support them, and guarantee that in the coming year, together with the people who have newly granted fields, Prioritize their supply of seeds and tools.

In order to avoid Zhang Juzheng's reform of the Qingtian Law and forcibly distributing the loan interest, the Xiu family strictly stipulated how much seeds were borrowed and how much should be handed over, and no additional interest was charged.

Xiujia added a law to encourage land reclamation to the "Sitian Law".Residents are encouraged to use the beach head flood discharge area to plant rush and other cash crops. The income generated by this part will not be collected for land tax, but will be purchased by Yuxi and made into items for sale.

Encourage people to open up wasteland and reclaim land. No matter if they are directly or richly owned, the fields that have been reclaimed for everything will be exempted from tax for 2 years and half tax for 2 years; Yamada and Haitian will be exempted from tax for 3 years and half tax for 3 years.

The above-mentioned fields need to be declared to enjoy the preferential treatment. If they are found to have concealed the report, the fields will be confiscated. The farmland reclaimed by the wealthy family still enjoys this policy.

Of course, in order to realize the cost of purchasing these acres from the main family, the tribute for the first 5 years of these acres needs to be distributed [-]/[-] with Yuxijia.

But if the wealthy family is found to have concealed the report, not only will the concealed land be taken back, but the fined land will be reduced by ten times.

At the same time, Xiujia also encourages neighbors to report, and the whistleblower can get half of the farmland of the person who concealed the report as a reward, so that the bottom can supervise each other.

At the same time, the Xiu family also set up land reclamation rewards. For the top three farmers who report the most land reclamation every year, they will be rewarded with money corresponding to the stone height per mu of land reclamation.

For this matter, the Xiu family changed the enforcement of the prefecture from a temporary setting to a permanent one, and was responsible for spot-checking the stone heights of each collar every year, with an annual salary of 200 shi.

Added a field-acre promotion to manage and supervise the sale and purchase of land in the territory, with an annual salary of 200 shi, and set up a sub-company in each neighboring country with an annual salary of 100 shi.

The Xiu family clearly stipulated that all powerful families, retainers, and directly leading officials must strictly abide by the "Sitian Law" on the day the decree is issued and after the Tianmu Association has arrived in the neighboring country.

Xiujia believes that with the implementation of these incentive policies and supervision policies, Xiujia believes that there will be a steady stream of new fields to be cultivated to strengthen the strength of the family.

(End of this chapter)