Haisheng Mingdi

Chapter 235 Dragon Royal Ningbo
At the end of July, the weather is still hot as hell.

However, Zhu Yihai was still busy. When he was preparing for the Battle of Hangzhou, he even took time to visit Ningbo.It was here at the beginning that Zhu Yihai persuaded Wang Zhiren to behead Xie Sanbin, which can be regarded as truly playing the banner of supervising the country.

After a few months, Ningbo has changed a lot. Yincheng, the prefectural city, has resumed its bustle. The Qing army stopped at Qiantang. After the national flag of the prison was stabilized, the former trend of fleeing south in eastern Zhejiang also stopped. Most people are still unwilling. After leaving their hometown, seeing that the current situation is stable, they all live in peace and stability.

In the countryside, in the harvested rice fields, the planted seedlings are green again. Many farmers are hoeing and watering the fields, and some shepherd boys are leisurely grazing cattle.

In the schools in Yin County, the sound of reading books has resumed.

"Ningbo Mansion is now also re-clearing the land to fill in the shortfall, and the progress is not bad." Qian Sule and Lin Shi accompanied Ge Dazhen and others to inspect the city while reporting.

"Our province in Zhejiang accounts for one-ninth of the country's tax revenue. The province has more than 390 million mu of land, including 17 million mu of land in Ningbo Prefecture. During the Wanli period, the land tax was more than [-] shi, and there are various other miscellaneous collections. Today According to the imperial court's will, it will be simplified."

"Oh, how did Ningbo do it?

"First of all, we have a unified tax rate. According to the output of three stones per mu on the field, two buckets are collected at a tax rate of one-fifth.

Then convert all the fields, fields, ponds, beaches, bases, etc. in Ningbo into Shangtian.

Adjustments are made according to the composition of the field and the difference in fat and thinness. It is divided into three grades in total, upper, middle and lower, and each grade is divided into three grades. In fact, there are nine grades in three grades.The output of the upper class is three to three and a half stones per mu, the output of the middle class is two and a half to two stones per mu, and the output of the lower class is one to one and a half stones per mu.

For lower grades and upper grades, three mu will be converted to one mu. For upper grades, one mu will be converted to farmland.

In addition, 24 acres of mountain are converted into one acre of field, and [-] acres of spread land are converted into one acre of field...

Ningbo rearranged the fields in the mansion again, and divided them into different grades according to fields, fields, and ponds, and classified the fields according to the fertility of the land, and unified them into 240 steps per mu.

After the clearing, grading, and conversion, the fields and tax rates in the land tax books are unified, unlike the previous land tax rates that vary from large to small, with high and low tax rates. The previous land tax rates in Ningbo were 24. level, very complex.Therefore, simply looking at the number of acres of land in the booklet, it is difficult to simply calculate how much land tax can be collected.

Now after it is fully converted into standard mu, it is equivalent to when paying silver in various places, regardless of the fineness, it is first converted into standard grain silver for unified calculation.

At the same time, according to this, it is also more fair to share the Ding Ding into the mu.

The benefits are immediately apparent.

There is no longer a need for 24 kinds of land tax rates. After unified conversion into standard mu, a unified standard mu land tax will be implemented, that is, two buckets will be collected for one mu.

"Is the common people willing to levy two buckets per mu?" Zhu Yihai asked. He initially decided to levy one bucket and two buckets per mu in Yanzhou, and two buckets were collected here in Ningbo.

Qian Sule is also a local, so he will not fail to take care of the countryside. He explained, "Although the eastern part of Zhejiang is not as good as the western part of Zhejiang, Ningbo is located in the plains, the fields are relatively fertile, and the output is relatively guaranteed. The top-grade paddy fields can even be harvested in two years. It can harvest five seasons, two seasons of early and late rice, and one season of rape or radish in the middle of winter, at least two years and four seasons. Therefore, in normal years, the harvest is good."

Moreover, he told Zhu Yihai that Shangtian's yield of three to three and a half shi per mu actually refers to only one season of autumn grain. For example, the common lease contract between landlords and tenants in Ningbo is that the autumn grain is divided into fifty-five or sixty-four. Half or [-]% of it, as for the summer grain, or planting some miscellaneous grains in winter, the landlord generally does not care about it and does not divide it.

"In the 20th year of Jiajing, Zhang Duo, the magistrate of Huzhou, requested that the government and private land be flattened, and the land tax reform should be carried out. That is, the land is not divided into the government and the private, and the tax is not divided. All of them start with three buckets per mu."

What Zhang Duo is doing is actually what Ningbo is doing now. The land is first consolidated and converted into standard farmland, and then three buckets per mu are uniformly collected. The tax rate set at that time was actually one tax per ten.

"The heavily rented fields in Susong Lake, Jiahang and other places in Changzhen, Jiangnan, between four and seven Dou per mu..."

Zhu Yihai also knew that the Jiangnan confiscation reached more than eight buckets per mu at its peak, but there is a premise here, that is, those fields were actually official fields confiscated by the Yuan Dynasty in the early Ming Dynasty. The land given to the common people is rented, which is different from ordinary private land, which is owned by the common people, and what is paid is a tax.

The rent of Ba Dou per mu is at least three stones per mu in the south of the Yangtze River. The rent of Ba Dou is actually not high. After all, the common people rent the land of the landlord and pay more than Ba ​​Dou.

However, the south of the Yangtze River is a place of great food and taxation, and it is also a fact that the harvest of the fields is high, and the land tax is high. For example, in Jiashan County, Jiaxing Prefecture, the tax per mu is based on three buckets and three combinations, regardless of the level of the field, and there are five liters in the flat. Zero, it is considered that Jiaxing has more than nine liters and eight in three spoons.

"Through the clearing, how many standard acres does Ningbo Mansion have now?"

Zhu Yihai was a little surprised by Qian Sule's answer, "After clearing and sorting out the calculations, we finally got 2108 mu of standard high-grade farmland, including 160 mu of paddy field and 56 mu of dry land. One hundred mu, one million mu of garden land, more than six million mu of woodland, and more than 90 mu of grassland and wetland..."

After all these fields are converted into standard mu, it is 2108 mu.

"There are so many?"

It turns out that Ningbo Yifu has 390 million mu of land, but these are different fields under 24 tax rates. The actual land tax is only more than 21 taels of silver, and the average grain requisition per mu is actually nine liters.

However, after Qian Sulelin conducted a wave of comprehensive clearing in Ningbo, it now has 210 million mu of standard farmland, with a harvest of two buckets per mu, and the actual land tax is 43 shi.

"Where is Ding Yin, do you have a share in your mu?"

"Ningbo Dingkou has more than 38 mouths. The original various corvee discounts and additional distributions are very complicated. It is about tens of thousands of taels of silver. So we simplified it a bit. Every stone in the land tax is divided into a bucket of Dingyin."

During the Chongzhen period, the normal price of grain was about one tael per stone, and during the Wanli period it was even lower. Now it is about two taels per stone due to wars and severe droughts.

One stone spreads one bucket, and each mu is originally two buckets, so one mu of land is spread into two liters of grain.

"What else?"

What Zhu Yihai asked was other than the official tax. The people of the Ming Dynasty were suffering. In addition to suffering from labor, it was a huge cost to impose taxes other than the regular tax. Various items such as transportation consumption, warehouse consumption, mouse consumption, etc., each of which can be subdivided.

　Thank you for the trouble, Xiazhu Yugong for your support. Thank you. Recently, there are four updates every day. I have a cold and haven’t typed out words for a few days. I have exhausted my manuscripts and panicked.

　　
　
(End of this chapter)