Brother Zhu Youxiao

"The [-] taels of banknotes are anchored in gold, and then issued to the gentry, and the land is purchased from the gentry."

In front of everyone, Zhu Youjian said the "gold standard" and continued:
"The country currently has 270 taels of gold, and the reason why I haven't used the gold in the gold and silver treasury for so many years is to keep it as an anchor for banknotes and set the gold standard."

"The so-called gold standard is a monetary system based on gold."

"Under the gold standard, each unit of money is worth a certain weight of gold."

"The big and small silver and copper coins of Tianqi Tongbao can be exchanged for gold just like banknotes."

"As for how to exchange, I don't think I need to say."

"Naturally, ten thousand taels of silver is exchanged for ten taels of silver, and ten taels of silver is exchanged for one tael of gold."

Having said that, Zhu Youjian mercilessly criticized his ancestors:
"The reason for the gradual depreciation of the treasure banknotes issued by the imperial court in the past is that although the main anchors used for the treasure banknotes are gold, silver and grain, the imperial court does not have so much gold and silver grain to exchange for."

"The reason for the serious depreciation of treasure banknotes in the later period of Hongwu and Jianwen years is also because the imperial court issued excessive treasure banknotes, and the amount of treasure banknotes far exceeded the gold, silver and food in the hands of the court."

"At present, Guochao cannot follow the old path, and naturally needs to use things as anchors."

"This anchor is the gold in the hands of the gold and silver treasury."

While explaining to everyone, Zhu Youjian said:

"Guochao earns gold every year, ranging from more than 80 yuan to as much as [-] to [-] yuan."

"If you use this gold to anchor the banknotes, and then make beautiful banknotes and issue them in limited quantities, the banknotes will not depreciate rapidly."

"With the current gold reserves of Guochao, it is enough to issue 3000 million taels of banknotes by the end of the year."

"Even if the current imperial court needs 6000 million taels, it can exceed the amount."

Zhu Youjian's words opened the door to a new world for everyone. They are not stupid, and they also know the reason why the banknotes are overissued.

The reason for the collapse of Daming Banknotes is basically the same as what Zhu Youjian said.

From the eighth year of Hongwu, when the Department of Banknote Lifting of the Ming Dynasty worked hard to issue the banknotes, until the 31st year of Hongwu, when Zhu Yuanzhang hiccupped, the next year's circulation was as high as 500 million ingots.

Zhu Yuanzhang set the rules for the exchange of precious banknotes, that is, one tael of gold is exchanged for four banknotes, and one tael of silver is always exchanged for banknotes, but precious banknotes are not allowed to be exchanged for gold and silver.

This one-way exchange makes the treasure banknotes actually become non-convertible banknotes.

Unconvertible banknotes are no different from waste paper, and Daming's treasure banknotes have only been issued but not accepted since they were issued, resulting in more and more banknotes circulating in the market.

Moreover, this is an exchange rule formulated based on the prices in the eighth year of Hongwu, but the problem is that this rule only exists in Zhu Yuanzhang's mouth.

During the entire period of using the banknotes, there was not a shred of gold, silver, copper coins, or rice anchored in the treasury of the Ming Dynasty to guarantee the credit of the banknotes.

In the early Ming Dynasty, the logic of raising banknotes was very simple, that is, if I printed Guantong banknotes, it could really be used as a tael of silver, and it could be eaten as a stone of rice.

If it is said that it is nothing to just set the rules in this way, and based on the actual situation in the early Ming Dynasty, 500 million guanbao banknotes are only considered as an overissue, which is not enough to cause the banknotes to collapse.

But in the 23rd year of Hongwu, the Lianjiazi of the Banknote Lifting Department increased the circulation to 500 million guan.

People with a little bit of economic awareness in later generations will know that once the circulation of paper money is too large, it will depreciate accordingly.

If the bank happens not to go to work with a brain, and tries to increase its power and continue to print more money, using quantity to make up for quality, it will eventually lead to a vicious cycle and create a new butt-cracking toilet paper for public toilets.

In fact, the history of Daming banknotes is indeed like this. In the 30th year of Hongwu, one tael of silver could still buy four stones of rice, but if you buy it with treasure banknotes, it costs ten guan.

After that, after the emperors of Jianwen, Yongle, Hongxi, and Xuande dynasties spammed, in the Xuande period, it took [-] guan to buy one stone of rice. Baiguan.

Since then, the value of Daming banknotes is no longer limited to its original value—if you exchange it for copper coins, you can basically always get no more than two copper coins.

As a banknote, there is neither reserve support nor a corresponding inflation response mechanism, and it will be hell if it is over.

Hong Chengchou and the others are not idlers. The book "Economics" written by Zhu Youjian mentioned the reasons for the collapse of Baochao. In order to understand Zhu Youjian's thinking, they naturally also studied. where.

Therefore, they actually have a certain degree of confidence in the current banknotes, because in terms of denomination alone, banknotes are not something ordinary people can own.

If the banknotes were issued to the gentry, the gentry could only hand over their fields, because they did not dare to resist the Ming court.

"Your Highness should have started preparing for it since the time when the treasure notes were collected back then?"

Hong Chengchou opened his mouth suddenly, and everyone remembered that when Tianqi Tongbao issued new coins, Zhu Youjian had ordered the recycling of the treasure notes.

Now that so many years have passed, the number of precious banknotes circulating in the Daming market is actually very small.

"Li Changgeng, how many precious banknotes has the country withdrawn in these years?" Zhu Youjian asked Li Changgeng with a smile, and he also bowed and replied:

"Since His Royal Highness ordered the recycling of treasure banknotes, Guochao has recovered more than [-] million treasure banknotes..."

Everyone was dumbfounded by Li Changgeng's answer. They did not expect that the emperors of the Ming Dynasty issued so many treasures.

You know, this is still a precious banknote that can be preserved until now, and the other treasure banknotes that have been submerged in the long river of history may not be less than one billion.

Zhu Youjian's new policy can be regarded as wiping the ass of the ancestors. Fortunately, the recycling price of the treasure banknotes is not high, and it is not recycled at the original price, otherwise it would have gone bankrupt eight hundred times in the morning.

"Right now, there is a bank in Ming Dynasty, relying on the bank's deposits to issue precious banknotes, which is enough to deal with ordinary gentry."

"I'm afraid that some gentry with too much assets will maliciously run against the imperial court and make the banknotes invalid."

Hong Chengchou opened his mouth to talk about his thoughts, and facing his thoughts, Zhu Youjian also got up and moved his body, and then said:
"How can they run on it? Most of the family property has become banknotes. After immigrating, all the goods they need can only be obtained through the Huangdian. Only the Huangdian can eat such a large denomination of banknotes."

"As long as there is no problem with the Huangdian, there will be no problem with the banknotes."

Zhu Youjian dared to issue banknotes because almost all the banknotes had been recovered, and because Huangdian was the largest trading institution in Ming Dynasty and the gold and silver storehouse had a huge amount of gold.

It was only that little time before him, and even if he would get hurt if he took a step, he had to do it.

As long as the entire America is conquered, then Ming will control more than [-]% of the world's gold mines. Using the gold standard is completely God's help for Ming.

Under the vassal system of the Ming Dynasty, the vassal state could not mint coins privately, that is to say, Tongbao of the Ming Dynasty was the only currency of nearly 5000 million people under the vassal system of the Ming Dynasty.

Even counting the natives of Levia and America, the world's population is no more than [-] million at the moment.

For the Ming vassal system, which occupies half of the world's population, no matter who or what kind of battle is fought, it will be crushing when it breaks out.

If Zhu Youjian did not consider the power of the people, he could have conquered Eurasia, but this invalid rule will only collapse in the future.

First eat the territory that belongs to Ming Dynasty first, and then plan for Europe, that is what he wants to do.

Thinking of this, Zhu Youjian also looked at the crowd and said: "Let the newspaper publicize the difference between the paper money this time and the previous paper money, and then use the paper money to buy the land in the hands of the gentry."

"Don't be in a hurry to distribute the land you have to the people. Wait until the drought is over and the people are stable."

Zhu Youjian didn't divide the land immediately this time, which made everyone unexpected.

But thinking that he has his own ideas in everything he does, so everyone didn't say anything, but left the Chengyun Hall after bowing, leaving only Lu Wenzhao who was always by Zhu Youjian's side.

When they withdrew from the Chengyun Palace, Daming did not stop the "Abolition of Slavery Movement", but promoted this movement and made it intensify.

I just don't know if it was because of the Qing Dynasty's invasion of the Central Plains, which made the people of the Ming Dynasty and the people of the late Qing Dynasty fundamentally different.

Because the people of the Ming Dynasty were more confident, no matter how much the court promoted the abolition of slavery, they still did not surpass their historical behavior. At most, they beat the gentry, and only a small number of gentry were beaten to death on the spot.

Once the gentry was beaten to death, newspapers and imperial stores also publicized to make the former servants rational, and they would publicize the "Da Ming Law" on the punishment for murder.

This is just a verbal propaganda, but the actual situation is that Bingmasi and the army don't care whether the servants kill the gentry who enslaved them.

This made some gentry who were mean to their servants and frequently beat and scolded them more cautious. They did not dare to show a little uncooperative behavior after the government officials appeared, for fear that they would be tied up and put on signs to patrol the streets if they were not careful.

Under such "turmoil", many people's homes were also burglarized, and the pressure on local government officials suddenly increased.

Such days lasted for a full three months, and the daily commentary called it "slave chaos", not referring to the chaos caused by slaves, but the chaos caused by the abolition of slaves.

"720 sold slaves and tenants, more than [-] million taels of silver, the imperial court may not be able to spend so much silver to redeem them."

When the three-month "slave chaos" event passed, Zhu Ciran in the Chunhe Palace also obtained the records of the slaves and tenants of the Ming Dynasty from the statistics of the local county government.

Because of this, the population of Daming suddenly increased to more than [-] million. Although this situation made Zhu Ciran, who is the supervisor of the country, very happy, but he was also very troubled by the matter of redeeming the body money.

But for this, Du Yinxi, who was standing beside him, bowed and said:
"The news came early from Prince Qi's Mansion that this time, the land reclaim and redemption silver will be purchased by the finance department with banknotes and the gentry. I'm afraid it has already started."

"So fast?" Hearing Du Yinxi's words, Zhu Ciran, who only knew about the banknotes a few days ago, was a little dazed.

He walked among the people and knew how much the people resisted the precious banknotes.

One of the reasons why Uncle Qi was praised was the collection of precious banknotes, and now his Uncle Qi was going to issue similar currency.

"This is the new currency..."

As Du Yinxi said, he also took out a folded banknote from his sleeve.

When this banknote appeared, Zhu Ciran's eyes lit up.

Unlike the Ming Dynasty's treasure banknotes, which can be identified by writing, the Ming Dynasty's twelve banknotes use pictures.

On the front of the banknote is a portrait of Emperor Tianqi that can be seen by government students looking up. The traditional Chinese characters "Ten Liang" are written in the upper left and upper right corners respectively, and the eight characters "Daming Bank" and "Daming Tongbao" are written in the upper and lower corners respectively. .

Turning to the back, there is a picture representing the Forbidden City and the Arabic numeral "10".

"The touch is really different from that of treasure notes, and the ink doesn't seem to come off easily."

Zhu Ciran touched the paper money in his hand, and couldn't help but nodded.

It can be seen that he is very satisfied with this banknote, and Du Yinxi next to him also took the opportunity to say:

"This banknote seems to be His Royal Highness King Qi's sharp weapon against the gentry. After all, the denomination is so large that it is difficult for ordinary people to get involved."

Daming banknotes have a great influence on the people because their denominations are closely related to people's lives. The denominations of treasure banknotes are divided into [-] Wen, [-] Wen, [-] Wen, [-] Wen and Yiguan.

For the common people who could earn more than a dozen taels a year in the early Ming Dynasty, they could have access to these banknotes. Therefore, when the Ming Dynasty printed more precious banknotes, the people who were most affected were naturally the common people.

But Zhu Youjian did not intend to do this. Instead, he used banknotes to harvest the gentry first, and then slowly popularized it to the common people.

For the common people of Ming Dynasty whose annual income per household is only 30 taels, banknotes with a denomination of [-] taels of silver are very difficult for them to come into contact with. As long as they are not distributed indiscriminately, they will not have much impact on their lives.

"Okay, put it away, we don't need this thing when we go out."

Zhu Ciran played with the banknote for a while, and then returned it to Du Yinxi.

Du Yinxi couldn't help laughing when he heard the words: "Every time I go out, His Highness pays the money, which makes me feel a little ashamed."

As soon as he said this, Zhang Xiu, Liu Shun, Li Yongzhen and others beside him couldn't help laughing secretly, because it was true.

"My salary is higher, not to mention it doesn't cost me a few pennies to go out."

Zhu Ciran responded nonchalantly, his salary was indeed high, although the crown prince had no rank, but the salary was paid according to the first rank, which was 3000 taels of silver.

In addition, the crown princess also has an annual salary of 3000 taels of silver, so in the East Palace, the income of their husband and wife is 6000 taels of silver.

For this, Zhu Ciran is already very content, after all he has seen the situation of the common people, even the common people in Yunnan, Sichuan and other places, the annual income of the wealthiest people is only forty taels per household.

The annual income of his husband and wife in Donggong is already the income of some wealthy people for more than 100 years.

Thinking of this, Zhu Ciran naturally thought of his princess.

The princess was chosen by Zhang Yan for him, so I don't need to go into too much detail about her beauty. As for her family, she is only the daughter of an official from one hundred households of Jinyiwei, not a wealthy family.

This kind of concubine selection is more suitable for the emperor of Ming Dynasty. Zhu Ciran is also very satisfied with the crown princess, and has always wanted to take her to see Uncle Qi Wang, but it is difficult to escape because of government affairs.

"How about Sun Kewang?"

Zhu Ciran did not forget Sun Kewang, and mentioned him after the joke.

In this regard, Du Yinxi also smiled and bowed: "The incident in the south of the Yangtze River has caused many people to relocate. In the past three months, there have been as many as 42 people in Anxi, and there are more than [-] people in Shanshan County."

"I heard that Anxi recently asked the imperial court for [-] tractors. I wonder if His Royal Highness King Qi will agree."

"It should be..." Zhu Ciran said without hesitation: "At present, Anxi Prefecture in Anxi is the one that can grow crops on a large scale in the Western Regions. Anxi Prefecture alone can reclaim no less than 3000 million mu of arable land and support tens of millions of people. "

"Although Uncle Qi also said that the population of Anxi should not exceed 200 million, and that of Beiting should not exceed 100 million, but the population will always increase."

"Even if we take the land in the river later, I'm afraid we won't be able to share the population of the land."

Zhu Ciran talked to himself, but Du Yinxi found a loophole, and reminded him in time: "The land in the river may only last two or three years."

"After all, His Royal Highness King Qi is only three years away..."

"..." Du Yinxi reminded Zhu Ciran of the things that he didn't want to recall the most, which made him frown.

After frowning, he sighed again: "That's all..."

I don't know what he meant by "That's all", Du Yinxi, Liu Shun and the others stopped talking when they saw that he was in a bad mood, and Zhu Ciran also lowered his head and dealt with the mountain of memorials.

Right now, he and Zhu Youjian are cooperating very well. He is responsible for handling side details, and Zhu Youjian is in charge of steering and formulating general policies.

As for Zhu Youxiao in Nanjing, as long as he stays in Nanjing, it is enough to deter the gentry in the south of the Yangtze River.

"Clap clap-"

Almost at the same time that Ming was trying to seize land and population from the gentry, a tragic massacre broke out in the Hezhong area of ​​Central Asia.

On the tenth day of September, before the winter snow fell, Lin Danhan led his troops into the Fergana Valley and robbed the largest "oasis" in Central Asia.

As the gateway to the Fergana Valley, Bukhara, the capital of the Bukhara Khanate, had already fallen, and the Bukhara Khan fled south to seek refuge in Safi Persia.

In the face of Lin Dan Khan's invasion, Safi Persia was unable to encircle and suppress it, only because Abbas the Great, who despised Xu Xiake, died of early illness, and now his son Safi is in power.

Safi was brutal and restrained, only when he succeeded to the throne, but he ruthlessly eliminated anyone who could threaten his power.

He executed almost all the princes of the Safavid royal family, as well as courtiers and generals with outstanding achievements, which made the nobles in the dynasty tremble, for fear that they would be captured and executed if they were not careful.

Although Safay succeeded to the throne for 11 years, his rule was only a burden to Safay Persia. Murad IV of the Ottoman Empire saw Safay's incompetence and invaded western Persia twice in the 14th year of the apocalypse and the 18th year of the apocalypse. And recaptured Baghdad in the [-]th year of Tianqi.

In the 19th year of the Apocalypse, the two parties just sat down and signed a peace treaty, but the Mughal Shah Jahan, who had encountered obstacles everywhere in the Little West, took the opportunity to seize Kandahar.

Right now, Safi is seeking to regain Kandahar, and he has no intention of seeing the mid-river area of ​​the Gobi Desert in his eyes.

Safibosi is unwilling to make a move, and Da Ming is also recuperating. This environment allows Lin Danhan to expand.

He firmly occupied the territory that originally belonged to the Bukhara Khanate, and took down the small Yuzi of the Kazakh Khanate.

Now in front of him in the middle of the river, only the "backward" Khiva Khanate and Kazakh Zhongyuzi and Dayuzzi remained.

These three troops together only have [-] to [-] cavalry, and there are very few heavy armors.

After years of accumulation, Lin Danhan barely pulled out tens of thousands of heavy armored cavalry, more than 2 double armored cavalry, and [-] light cavalry.

With [-] cavalry and the rich Fergana Valley, Lin Dan Khan is confident that he can solve the Kazakhs and Khivas within three years.

"Winter is coming, take a good rest for a year, next year we can try to win Turdi in Zhongyuzi."

Holding the helmet and walking into a noble mansion in Uzgen City, Lin Danhan spoke with his back to Subudi and others, and then sat on the main seat.

Subudi and others sat on the ground one after another, and Lin Danhan also said:
"While I could conquer the river, I don't want to."

The 48-year-old Lin Danhan is no longer the political idiot who was fooled by Zhu Youjian back then. After so many years of experience, he can see that Zhu Youjian wants to use his hand to eliminate the Semu people and the Hezhong area. Back to people.

Therefore, he will not be so stupid to fight the Khivas. His focus will be the Kazakh Khanate and the Raksha people in the northwest of the Kazakh Khanate.

After occupying the northern part of the river, he then annexed the Crimean Khanate, then he would have at least [-] string-controlling men under his command.

One hundred thousand cavalry is enough for him to traverse this extreme western land.

But the problem now is still the siege, so Lin Danhan looked up at Subudi:

"The craftsmen who were captured from the Ming Dynasty haven't settled the artillery issue yet?"

"No..." Subudi shook his head: "They were originally blacksmiths in a market town, and it was too difficult for them to make artillery."

"I still think we should go to the Raksha people's territory in the north to snatch some artisans to make artillery."

"If it doesn't work, grab the Semu people in the south."

Lin Danhan, who had suffered too much from big firearms, finally remembered to use artillery to attack the city. This is one of the few improvements he has made in the past eight years.

"Is there any change in the Ming army east of Congling and Suiye City?"

Perhaps it was driven away by the Ming army so much that it left a shadow, Lin Danhan specifically asked about the movements of the Ming army.

In this regard, Subu shook his head: "There is no change, but the situation is not good."

"They moved tens of thousands of people to cultivate in Suiye City, and there was a rumbling sound every day, not like the sound of artillery."

"Our men tried to look but were all beaten back by their cavalry."

"Ten thousand people? How did they move?" Hearing that the Ming army had moved 1 people to Suiye City in such a short period of time, Lin Danhan and many Taiji couldn't believe it.

Even for them, it would take a year to migrate the population from Mobei to Suiye City. How could the Han people, who mainly focus on farming, migrate so many people in such a fast time?
"I don't know, but judging by the appearance and speed, I'm afraid it won't take three to five years to rely on Suiye Town to send thousands of troops."

Subudi's words made many Taiji palpitations, and Lin Danhan's heart tightened even more when he heard the words.

"It seems that we can only speed up the pace of the Western Expedition." Lin Danhan couldn't sit still and stood up:

"In the spring of next year, we will win Kazakhstan!"

"Yes!" Everyone hugged their chests and saluted. At this moment, Lin Danhan had the posture of the master of ZTE Mongolia, but the territory is a little pitiful...

Chapter 2 was updated before five o'clock