Return to 2000: Captain of the Great Powers

Chapter 206 Shocking!Horror! (Please subscribe!)
On the fifth side of runway 31 of Luoxi Airport.

Previously, under the guarantee of teacher Mo Shangyun, Xu Cang still planned to try what the airport with an altitude of more than [-] feet looked like.To be honest, although Xu Cang said he was worried, in fact, it was just talking. From the bottom of his heart, he really didn't think the high plateau airport was so scary.

After taking the seat, the pre-procedure operation is the same as that of an ordinary flight, and as instructor Mo Shangyun said, it is only necessary to press the high-altitude landing switch when starting to prepare for the approach.

The runway of some airports is 4000 to [-] meters long, which is comparable to the length of the runways of many hub airports.

This is not because of how many flights these airports have, or how high the level of the airport is.Many high-altitude airports, even though they are not large in size, have longer runways. The reason is that the air in high-altitude areas is thin. Under the same conditions, the distance between takeoff and braking is much longer than that of plain airports. The plateau airport must build a longer runway, which is caused by objective conditions.

Only runway 31 of Logical Airport has ILS, and the opposite runway 13 has only VOR/DME approach procedure.However, Xu Cang has read the weather data of some airports, and it is mostly north wind throughout the year, so most of the time only runway 31 will be used.Perhaps out of cost considerations, some airports have only built blind landings on one side of the runway.

It is said that high plateau, high plateau, where is the high performance of some airports?

Most plain airports intercept the glideslope at a height of 1000 to 900 meters, a lower one of 500 meters, and a higher one of 400 meters, basically in this range.However, the height of the glideslope intercepted by some airports is [-] meters. A little comparison can tell where the difficulty of this high plateau airport is.

At an altitude of 400 meters, some places where the approach area is set relatively low may not have been transferred to the approach control frequency yet.Moreover, at this altitude, the various performances of the aircraft are far worse than those at low altitudes, which makes many operations of the aircraft impossible when operating at high-altitude airports compared to plain airports.

Xu Cang was somewhat prepared psychologically, but that didn't mean he was also physically prepared.

This caused a change in the pressurization logic of the cockpit due to the high altitude landing switch being pressed at the beginning of the approach.During the descent, the cabin altitude of the aircraft gradually approached the altitude of the landing airport, so that after intercepting the final approach fix at 400 meters, the pressurization system had already adjusted the cabin altitude to nearly [-] feet.

"Some airports have enough runways. When entering the runway, the energy must be sufficient. Of course, the pole must be supported. The approach height cannot be high, and the speed should be a little higher. The altitude of the airport here is too high, and the thrust decays very quickly. You must be decisive when you refuel, and be careful when you close the throttle. It takes a process for the turbofan engine of our aircraft to increase the thrust, let alone at an altitude of [-] feet. At low altitudes, especially during the transition to the visual phase If you feel that the energy is insufficient or the plane is boring, then don’t hesitate to fill up the throttle first. Once the plane really sinks too fast at a low altitude, it’s useless to fill up the throttle.”

"In addition, in the leveling phase, the runways of some airports are long, but the width is relatively narrow, and the fifth side of runway 31 near the end of the runway is an obvious downhill, so when entering the visual phase Finally, it is easy to give you the illusion that the plane is too high from the visual reference alone. However, with your technical descent rate, it should be better controlled, and this visual difference will not cause you too much. obstacles, I just remind you."

At the stage when the five sides began to descend, instructor Mo Shangyun was still tirelessly explaining some landing points to Xu Cang.If the right seat was a co-pilot or a younger captain, Mo Shangyun would break it apart and talk about it.

Although the landing technique is mentioned in the standard operating manual, in fact, each pilot's landing technique is different.It is even said that the method for pilots to judge the relative position of the aircraft on the final side is not the same.

In plain areas, many techniques are common.But in high plateau areas, some techniques are prone to problems.For example, some pilots can only judge by the simple standard of speed because they cannot experience the energy of the aircraft itself through physical sensation.

But in fact, the speed standard is sometimes inaccurate.It does not mean that if the speed is higher than the approach speed, the energy of the aircraft will be high, and if the speed is lower than the standard approach speed, the energy of the aircraft will be low.Indeed, there is a weird state of high speed but low energy or low speed and high energy.

If judged only by speed, even if it seems to have improved at the beginning, it is essentially going further and further down the wrong path.If this kind of misjudgment occurs at a low altitude, the sudden excessive deviation may cause the pilot to lose the opportunity to make a final correction, so that he can only go around in a failed approach.

Some pilots may also be aware of this problem, so after entering the sky above the runway, they will make a final determination of the state of the aircraft in order to decide on the adjustment of the throttle and the amount of the flare during the flare phase.

When entering the air above the runway, which is about fifty feet, as long as the low energy is not particularly obvious, some pilots will try to reduce the throttle slightly to judge the energy of the aircraft.

However, due to the most common stick-rudder coordination in flight, it is necessary to cooperate with a certain amount of pull-rod while retracting the throttle, in order to maintain the correct glide track.

If the real energy is low, even with a small amount of throttle reduction and the stick, the aircraft will experience a relatively obvious increase in sinking. At this time, the throttle can no longer be retracted, but the throttle should be stretched, and it is even possible The throttle needs to be increased again during this final period.

If the real energy is normal, the movement of the stick will offset the reduction of the throttle, and there may be a slight speed reduction, but usually there will be no exceeding the standard on the trajectory and sinking.

At this time, the pilot can use this to judge that the energy of his incoming aircraft is normal, and the subsequent leveling work will be relatively comfortable.

If the energy of the aircraft is too high, generally speaking, when the energy is too high, the response to the approach is the pilot's somatosensory, and the pilot needs to enter the field with the stick on his head.However, it doesn't mean that entering the field with the pole on top must have too much energy, and some of them are occasional situations due to changes in the underlying airflow.

Under such preconditions, after the pilot enters the runway and closes the throttle, he can still obviously feel the need for continuous ejection, then there is a high probability that the energy of the aircraft is too high, and it needs to be leveled faster and earlier than normal Thrust is reduced.

Aircraft energy is a more competent standard.And some pilots prefer to call it whether the plane is strong, that is to say, after flying the plane for a long time, you can know the state of the plane through the feel of the plane during the manipulation of the plane.

Generally speaking, it is more reasonable for the steering wheel to be in a slightly carried state during the final descent.If a more obvious force is needed to maintain the state of the aircraft, it can only show that the state of the aircraft is deviated, that is, what some captains and instructors like to say that the aircraft is not trimmed well.

However, the state Wei Wei carries is not constant.Some pilots like to fly with the stick, because it will give a stronger control feel.And some pilots like to approach the field with the pole on top, because the state of approaching with the pole will make him feel worried about sinking too much, that is, the so-called aircraft is better than small.In this case, most landings will not have a warning of a large ground load, but when the energy is too sufficient, if the pilot hesitates to close the throttle for a while, it is likely to generate a warning of a long drifting distance.

Of course, some pilots would rather issue a warning for a long float distance than a warning for a large ground load, and the severity of the two is somewhat different.

However, pilots with more mature landing techniques usually do not make such a trade-off, because they can already clearly appreciate the energy of the aircraft.However, this more conventional method is not very usable at high-altitude airports.

It may be better if the energy is normal or the energy is too high, after all, there is room for manipulation.However, if the energy of the aircraft itself is relatively low, tentatively retracting the throttle when entering the runway may have little effect on plain airports. After all, there is still a section of the last [-] feet for the throttle to be added, but at high plateau airports, the energy It is already small, and if the throttle is lowered, the plane will sink faster than at the plain airport, and in the last fifty feet, the thrust may not be added.

At the high plateau airport, the engine of the plane just has no strength!

That's why Teacher Mo said to let Xu Cang enter the arena with more energy, that is, to enter the arena with a slightly topped state.In this way, even if you are not familiar with the use of the throttle at high-altitude airports in the later stage, there is still room for rectification of the consequences of closing the throttle too fast.

However, all of this is based on the 4000-[-]-meter-long runway of some airports. After all, this runway stands out even in high-altitude airports, which gives Xu Cang room for trial and error.

If it is for other ordinary pilots, instructor Mo Shangyun will not give enough hands-on first, and secondly, the explanation will be more detailed, at least for the description of the aircraft speed, attitude, and descent rate. Just like that.

Mo Shangyun believed that Xu Cang was an extremely talented pilot who knew everything and didn't need to be taught.For ordinary pilots, let him follow the route he set, but for a pilot like Xu Cang, setting a limited route for him will make him feel uncomfortable, so just push in one direction.

"En." Xu Cang agreed, and disconnected the autopilot about five nautical miles from the runway, while familiarizing himself with the handling feel at such a height in advance.

Among other things, the airflow on the five sides of some airports is really too chaotic, and the wind is very strong, almost ten meters per second.Originally, Xu Cang just set the wind correction to five knots, which is a relatively lazy setting value, and of course it is also the smallest wind correction value.

However, under the wind correction of five knots, Xu Cang always felt that he had to carry the stick to keep the plane on a relatively standard glide track, which made Xu Cang a little uncomfortable, and he didn't like this state.

"Has the wind correction decreased?" Xu Cang asked casually.

"It's up to you. Anyway, there are no gusts or crosswinds. The standard wind correction value is easy to get. You can adjust it yourself." Mo Shangyun smiled.

The value of the wind correction is related to both steady wind and gust wind, and in steady wind, it is also related to wind direction and wind speed.However, this time there is no gust of wind on the fifth side, at least that is what the tower reported, and the crosswind angle is so small that it can basically be regarded as a headwind, so the calculation of the wind correction is relatively simple, otherwise it would have to use Trigonometric functions are more troublesome.

After finishing speaking, Xu Cang freed his left hand holding the throttle lever to hold the steering wheel instead of his right hand, while his right hand rubbed his temples, why did he feel dizzy.

From Mo Shangyun's point of view, he thought Xu Cang was just wiping off his sweat, and said rather interestingly, "You are very skilled in left-hand manipulation."

Since the co-pilot uses his right hand to control the steering wheel all the year round, if he suddenly switches to the left hand, he usually feels a lot of discomfort, so that there are many deviations in operation.This kind of situation is not uncommon, and even some captains who have been flying for a long time in the left seat will feel uncomfortable when they suddenly operate in the right seat.

However, for some reason, Xu Cang doesn't seem to have the difference between the left and right hands.The five-sided airflow in some airports is not only very strong, but also quite chaotic, but after Xu Cang changed hands, the control quality did not decline at all, it seems that Xu Cang was not born to adapt to this switch between left and right hands.

"Ah! It's not too difficult." Xu Cang responded casually.

It's not that Xu Cang deliberately showed off, he was born with no distinction between the left and right hands, at least not because he had experience in the left seat, but in his previous life before he became the captain, Xu Cang didn't have the slightest burden on left-handed control.

Hearing what Xu Cang said, Shi Qi, who was sitting in the back, chuckled a few times. If switching between left and right hands was really easy, there would be no such stage as a senior co-pilot.This stage is used to accumulate the left seat time. In other words, there will be a special stage for the pilot to use the process from the right seat to the left seat, which means that the bureau also agrees that changing hands will have a significant impact on the pilot. Yes, an appropriate period of adaptation is required.

However, compared to Xu Cang's overly arrogant words, Shi Qi still noticed something strange about Xu Cang: "What's wrong with you, do you feel uncomfortable?"

"Is it altitude sickness?" Xu Cang scratched his head, looking very puzzled.

"Not at all. The height of the cockpit is about [-] feet, which is considered high, but the two of us who are elderly feel fine. You won't have altitude sickness." Mo Shangyun Strange way.

"The truth is this. When I was learning to fly, the small plane flew up to [-] feet, and the plane was not pressurized, so it felt fine."

The propeller planes that I fly in aviation school must not have a pressurization system. Of course, that kind of small planes usually don’t fly too high, and they are basically above 1000 meters when doing subjects.However, sometimes I feel novelty, Xu Cang also drove that single-engine screw plane up to [-] feet, and vaguely remembers that it was nothing at that time.

However, that was quite a long time ago, and Xu Cang rarely broke through [-] feet during the learning to fly stage. Maybe he reacted a little at that time, but he didn't remember it.

Shi Qi looked at Xu Cang's side face from behind and looked fine, but he still asked with concern: "Then how do you feel now?"

"It's not a big deal." It's not that Xu Cang is trying to hold on, it's really not a big problem: "Let's talk about it after landing. My body lacks exercise after graduating from aviation school, and it's not as good as before."

When he was in aviation school, he not only had flight training, but also various physical training, plus there were many routine physical examinations, so he paid special attention to physical maintenance.But at the airline, there is no one to supervise. For mature pilots, the routine medical examination is not so scary, so they naturally start to relax.

Seeing that Xu Cang still had the energy to chat, Mo Shangyun felt that Xu Cang should have no major problems, so he echoed: "All of you young people are like this now."

"Who said it wasn't?" Xu Cang opened his mouth, looking a little listless.

However, Xu Cang also put down his right hand, grasped the steering wheel again, and at the same time grasped the throttle lever with his left hand, and resumed the normal steering posture.

"Help me increase the wind correction. Adjust it to ten knots. Five knots is too small." Xu Cang is now a PF, and he has disconnected the autopilot and is in the state of manual driving, so it is inconvenient to operate the MCP board , but Mo Shangyun, who is a PM, does it for him.

"Ten knots, increase it so much?" Although Mo Shangyun said so, according to Xu Cang's intention, he increased the approach speed in the speed frame by another five knots.

Xu Cang immediately started to increase the throttle, and increased it to about 75. At the same time, he held the steering wheel to prevent the nose of the plane from rising, so that the speed could increase.However, due to the small demand for speed increments, Xu Cang didn't increase too much, and just waited for the speed to increase slowly.

"Wait until the low-altitude wind speed decreases, and then slowly decrease it."

Sure enough, as the altitude decreased, due to terrain obstruction and friction, the wind speed began to slowly decrease.However, Xu Cang didn't immediately ask Mo Shangyun to adjust the wind correction value, until it was about [-] feet above the ground, Xu Cang said, "Add eight knots."

"Isn't the back adjusted?" Mo Shangyun asked with a smile, but the movements of his hands did not stop at all, and he directly adjusted it down by two knots.

"Shouldn't it be changed again?" Xu Cang glanced at runway 31: "The surface wind reported by the tower is almost an increase of [-], so there is no need to change it."

Perhaps out of laziness, after Xu Cang turned the accelerator to 71, he never moved the accelerator with his left hand, but only controlled the speed and glideslope by manipulating the pitch of the aircraft.

However, if only relying on the elevator to control, the speed of the aircraft can only be maintained in a range due to the unstable external airflow, rather than being fixed at the set speed.

From the perception, the actual flying speed is basically shaking at five knots above and below the set speed.Moreover, Xu Cang never seemed to deliberately try to stabilize the speed of the plane, even the pitch control seemed rather perfunctory.

Seeing Xu Cang's operation, Mo Shangyun was amused: "You really don't want to move a little bit more!"

"It's almost enough. Anyway, there will be no warning." Xu Cang laughed.

Don't look at Xu Cang's speed fluttering, but he is really sure to die in the interval of five knots up and down, and there will be no crossing the boundary at all, because if the deviation is larger, at least there must be a soft warning of a low approach speed.

"It's up to you!" Mo Shangyun knew that Xu Cang knew what was on his mind, so he didn't interfere, and just watched from the side.

After passing the height of two hundred feet, Xu Cang turned to the visual stage.Sure enough, as Mo Shangyun said, because the runway of some airports is generally narrow, and the end of the runway is next to a steep downhill slope, so from the visual perception, the pilot will indeed have an illusion that he is leaning above the glideslope .

However, mature pilots do not need to refer to the PAPI lights when performing visual flight, that is, they can roughly tell whether the aircraft is on the standard glide track just by visual feeling.

However, in some special cases, the visual perception of the human eye will be biased, especially when the surrounding reference objects are biased against the norm.It is true that there are PAPI lights on runway 31, pilots can refer to the PAPI lights to confirm whether their descent is correct.However, once there is a deviation between one's own visual perception and the PAPI light, even if the pilot knows and believes that the instrument is correct, this sense of incongruity will make the pilot feel very uncomfortable.

"The visual reference feels a bit different." Xu Cang said with a smile: "It's better to let them widen the runway, or look at the PAPI lights, and it feels like ants are crawling all over the body, which is very uncomfortable."

Even Xu Cang had an irresistible urge to push the stick in his heart, but the PAPI light told him that the plane was on the correct track now, and there would be a problem if he pushed the stick.

"It would be really fun to fly an RNP approach here in winter." Xu Cang laughed.

Because the glide trajectory of RNP approach is affected by temperature, in winter, the temperature is low, and the glide trajectory is generally lower than that of the standard temperature.In this way, the visual line is high, and the glide guidance is low, which does not drive the pilot crazy.

Mo Shangyun was stunned for a moment: "What happened to the RNP approach?"

"Ah?" Xu Cang realized this time that Mo Shangyun still didn't understand RNP approach, so he responded casually: "It's okay, we're about to land."

At this time, the plane was almost over the runway.At such a low position, the airflow is relatively stable, but the speed of the plane is still controlled at the reference speed plus nine to ten knots, which is obviously too high.

"There's no need to withstand such a high speed, right?" Mo Shangyun muttered, "Now the headwind is only six meters away, and your speed is too high."

Mo Shangyun had intentionally let Xu Cang enter the arena at a higher speed before, but Xu Cang's speed was also too high, the reference speed plus about seven knots was about the same.However, Mo Shangyun only talked about it and didn't get started.

Let’s just go big, if you can’t float for a while, anyway, the runway of more than 4000 meters can be tossed around casually.

"The speed is higher, and enough energy is accumulated, and I will do it normally later."

As soon as Xu Cang finished speaking, the plane passed through the sky over the threshold of the runway. The altitude was about fifty feet, and the approach altitude was quite good.

As soon as the plane entered the field, the altitude feeling was okay, and the speed was very sufficient. Xu Cang instinctively felt that the plane's energy was sufficient.Therefore, he could not control the reduction of the throttle, but, out of caution, he started to reduce the throttle from about forty feet.

Even at the high-altitude airport, the reference speed plus nine to ten knots of entry speed is too much, so Xu Cang thinks it is reasonable not to be too cautious on the accelerator.

Of course, Xu Cang is not in a daze.If it is a plain airport, at such a high speed, if you start to close the throttle at [-] feet, you can basically receive the slow car all the time, and then you can establish a grounding attitude.It can even be said that with such sufficient energy, it is not a step-by-step process, but to close the accelerator all at once. As long as the stick is held, there is a high probability that the landing will not be heavy.

But this is a high-altitude airport, so even if the timing of closing the throttle is early, Xu Cang still feels that it should be a little less.His first move was to change the thrust from 71 to about [-], and then he started to take the stick in accordance with the change of the throttle.

The cooperation between Xu Cang's throttle lever and the steering wheel is classic, like a sword that has been sharpened countless times and has no flaws. The two are changing at almost the same rate.In the back, Shi Qi saw that it was pleasing to the eye, this kind of manual skill could not be achieved without seven or eight years of training.

As long as the throttle stick and the steering wheel are well coordinated, the entire leveling curve will be very soft without any interruption.At least from the current point of view, Xu Cang's landing will flatten the curve quite beautifully.

Sure enough, he is a genius from the sky, and Xu Cang can't grasp this kind of kung fu like water dripping through stone?

However, what everyone didn't expect was that Xu Cang only moved about ten N1, and the plane was like a deflated balloon.

"Down so fast!"

Xu Cang, who had been at ease before, suddenly tightened his heart, and the hairs all over his body stood on end.If it is smashed down, the plane will have to be smashed out of the way.

It can only be said that Xu Cang's sensing speed is extremely fast. In this case, he increased the two throttles to more than [-], but Xu Cang did not suddenly increase the pitch, but just a little bit more.

As Mo Shangyun said before, the throttle lever is pushed up, but it takes time for the two engines to increase from [-] to [-], and the process of increasing the thrust is the most terrible.

When Mo Shangyun heard the roar of the engine again, he paused. The sinking of the plane changed too fast. How could the N1, which is stretched to [-], make the sinking of the plane change so much?
However, now is not the time to delve into why.It can only be said that it was fortunate that Xu Cang was manipulating it, and the speed of reaction was unimaginably fast. Xu Cang had already sensed the moment the acceleration of the sinking occurred.

After all, Mo Shangyun didn't realize the problem until Xu Cang made a move.

It was also thanks to Xu Cang's extremely quick reaction that within two seconds, the engine was slowly adding thrust, but at this moment the aircraft's radio altimeter electronic report had already sounded five feet away.

Almost at the next second when the N1 tachometer on the DU reached 80, the plane slammed down onto the runway.This is the problem with turbofan aircraft. Not only does it take time for the engine to respond, but even if the thrust goes up, the aircraft cannot be lifted immediately due to its extremely large body.

Just this moment, Xu Cang felt his internal organs tremble, and it must have been hit hard.

As soon as the plane landed, Xu Cang quickly put the throttle back to idle, and at the same time corrected the taxiing direction and pulled out the reverse thrust.

"Give it to me!" Mo Shangyun patted Xu Cang's left hand at this time, and grabbed the reverse push handle himself: "I'm afraid it's going to be 2.0, this hit is really hard enough."

"It should be, but it's more. If it wasn't for the accelerator pedal at the end, the plane would have smashed to pieces?" Shi Qi had just transferred to Boeing not long ago. Although he had rich experience, he hadn't fully adapted to it, and his reaction was even worse than that of Mo Shangyun. slow down.By the time he realized the problem, the plane had just landed.

At this moment, at least from the physical sense, there seems to be no problem with the plane, but it does not prevent Shi Qi from having lingering fears.It is true that Xu Cang's last gas pedal did not turn things around, but at least it reduced a little sinking at the last moment, so it is not only a 2.0 ground load, but the landing gear may be smashed.

Even on high plateaus, the plane decelerates more slowly, but Mo Shangyun immediately switched to the maximum manual brake after taking over the control of the plane, almost stepping on the brakes to death, and the plane decelerated relatively quickly.

As the plane decelerated below [-] knots ground speed, Mo Shangyun put away the reverse thrust and continued to decelerate at the same time.

The runway exits at some airports only turn left at the end of runway 31, so Mo Shangyun had to slide all the way to the end of the runway.After the plane drops below 4000 knots, the runway of more than [-] meters still has to slide on for a while.

During this period, Mo Shangyun really recalled the memory, used the rudder to control the direction of the plane's taxiing, picked up the small towel at hand with his left hand and wiped his face, then he was afraid and said: "It's really Xu Cang, you came to land, If you let me come, the plane must be smashed?"

"At the end, the throttle should be greatly accelerated and the stabilizer stick at the same time. This hand is really delicate." Shi Qi also began to recall Xu Cang's operation at this time: "If it was placed on other pilots, in the situation just now, it is not possible to push the lever vigorously at the same time. ? If you do this, the plane will definitely wipe the tail, which is also quite dangerous. Xu Cang, you can hold your breath, but you just took the stick down a little, and you have seen big scenes before, and your mind is still clear."

The more Shi Qi really thought about it, the more he felt that Xu Cang's technique had reached the level of perfection.It is precisely because the power of the turbofan engine increases relatively slowly. If the stick is pulled back significantly, the nose of the aircraft must be raised. As a result, the pitching attitude of the aircraft increases rapidly, and it is imperative for the aircraft to touch down. With such a large attitude, it is quite possible to touch the tail of the aircraft.

This is actually a bit equivalent to a go-around at zero altitude, but Xu Cang omitted the follow-up steps.One of the taboos for go-arounds at zero altitude is to take the stick thickly, which is most likely to cause tail strikes.

However, the sinking change just now was unexpected by the three of them. It is quite rare to be able to maintain rationality under fear. It is not like the psychological quality of a young pilot who is only in his 20s.

"Yeah, what the hell is this engine, and the thrust decays too fast. This plane was borrowed from Tiandong's Jianchuan branch. Could it be that it was given to us as an antique?"

Mo Shangyun was still complaining, but Xu Cang didn't answer.It wasn't that he didn't want to answer, but that he was unable to answer. From the moment the plane landed, he felt a pain in his heart, as if something was strangling his throat, and he couldn't even breathe.

Xu Cang didn't know what happened to his body, he obviously didn't have any disease, otherwise he wouldn't be in the position of pilot.However, the feeling of his body now made him feel extremely terrified, and the feeling of powerlessness that seemed to drown him seemed to bury Xu Cang deeply.

"Looking back, I'll ask Tiandong Airlines for clarification. It's a hidden danger for this kind of aircraft to fly high on the plateau. What kind of shit engine, at least you need to change it." When Xu Cang's eyes slowly closed, and then his body became weak, he fell into a comatose state instantly!
　Monthly tickets are so few, ask for a monthly ticket
　　
　
(End of this chapter)