Return to 2000: Captain of the Great Powers

Chapter 372 Thrilling!thrilling!
In the Xianchi regional control room, the controller just came over after lunch to take over. It is relatively busy around two o'clock in the afternoon, and the peak period will be around nine o'clock in the next moment.

As a controller, I don’t really like taking the shift at this time. Although I don’t miss lunch, I just finished eating carbohydrates and it’s lunch break time, so I’m naturally prone to sleepiness.The terrible thing is that this time happens to be the peak period of the area. If there is a thunderstorm again, there will be crews applying for heading everywhere, and the microphones can hardly be put down.At this time, the brain CPU is likely to be overloaded.

Just sitting down and seeing the dense signal points on the radar, the controller didn't feel too much pressure.Although there are many planes in my own area this time, there is no thunderstorm in the area, and there is no response to the turbulence that needs to change the altitude, so the work is actually quite leisurely.

Receive planes from other areas and send them to the next area with peace of mind.

Putting on the earphones, the controller unscrewed the thermos and drank a cup of strong tea.It is forbidden to use cups without lids on the console, otherwise he would never put a lid on the teacup.

Yawning, the controller adjusted a relatively comfortable posture, glanced at the screen, and saw that a plane of Muhua Airlines was about to be handed over to the Rongfu area, so he was ready to contact.However, at this moment, an upward arrow suddenly appeared on the signal point of the aircraft with flight number Chunxia 9334.

This arrow represents the ascent and descent of the aircraft, and the downward arrow means that the aircraft is ascending.

"Huh?" The controller let out a light snort. It was because the altitude deviation of the aircraft reflected on the radar was not large, about [-] feet, but there was no conflict effect.

Although this situation is rare, it is not unheard of.In this era, the relationship between pilots and controllers is relatively relaxed and harmonious. The controllers didn't react too much. Maybe they encountered violent turbulence suddenly, or they might be leading the flight. for a moment.

Because the altitude value set by the pilot on the MCP can be displayed on the screen, there is no problem.

That's right, the controller's monitoring system can directly see the altitude set by the pilot, and even the speed.This is derived from the information exchange between the control system and the aircraft's transponder.

In the early 2000s, civil aviation pilots still had the tough style of the Air Force, and the amount of hands-off was unimaginably large.The philosophy of the teachers is very simple. After stepping on pits and planes a few times, you will know it in your heart and know how to avoid it.

For those who can graduate from the aviation school, at least those who have no major technical problems will understand it after experiencing it a few times.

Some instructors even choose to let students fly the plane manually when the flight distance is relatively short. Sometimes small deviations in altitude or heading are normal.As long as there is no conflict, the pilot will tell the control, and everyone will not care too much, let alone report something.

However, the controller suddenly thought that this flight was not flying from Hanjing to Jianchuan?It takes more than three hours to fly, three hours of manual flight, so abnormal?
Just when the controller was about to ask the crew, the upward momentum stopped instantly. The controller smiled knowingly, and even imagined the scene where the instructor started to curse.

Almost a second or two later, the signal of the aircraft began to show a rate of descent, and the controller leaned back, thinking that the crew was making corrections, thinking that there were not many deviations, or it was better not to mention it.

However, after returning to 10400 meters, the downward arrow behind the signal did not disappear, but within a moment of thought, the altitude directly broke through 10400 meters.

Perhaps the controller really ate too much food, his brain was overloaded, and he was obviously taken aback.As far as he could see, there was an Air China plane a thousand feet below the spring and summer flight 9334. There was only one level separation between the two planes, and the two planes had to strictly maintain the altitude.

Of course, the two planes are not heading towards each other up and down, but converge at a certain point.However, even so, if Chunxia 9334 plane starts to descend, it will be extremely dangerous. It is very likely that the plane of National University Airlines will directly hit the plane of Chunxia Airlines from the side.

This controller obviously has relatively little experience. After being taken aback for a while, the descent rate of Chunxia 9334 aircraft increased sharply.

In an instant, the signal points of Chunxia 9334 and the National University of China aircraft below all turned red, which means that the anti-collision monitoring of radar control is calling the police.

Now the vertical separation between the two planes is already very small, and they are no longer well separated vertically.The controller broke out in sweat, grabbed the microphone, and shouted: "Chun Xia 9334, turn right and heading 270, emergency avoidance, emergency avoidance."

The so-called rush to make a mistake, the controller noticed the restricted area on the right hand side of Chunxia 9334 as soon as he spoke.

Perhaps the crew of Spring Airlines reacted too quickly. At the same time as the controller's voice fell, the signal point of the aircraft was slightly deviated to the right.

Spring Airlines' planes were flying close to the restricted area, but now, the signal points are already attached to the border of the restricted area.The controller was so frightened that his legs almost went limp, and tremblingly shouted into the microphone: "Chun Chun Xia 99999"

Under the excessive fear, the controller couldn't even straighten his tongue. He even forgot the flight number of Spring Airlines for a while.

Now it was a matter of lightning and lightning. It was such a small mistake, and he could only watch the plane of Spring and Summer Airlines head towards the restricted area.

In the spring and summer cockpit of 9334, the captain instinctively pushed the lever after realizing that he had broken through the height in order to correct the excessive speed of the lever.

This instinct was almost imprinted in the pilot's genes, and there was nothing wrong with it in principle, but he didn't notice that just now in order to slow down, he took the throttle off.

This action is actually nothing, if it is at a low altitude.Turbofan engines, especially CFM engines, have an obvious defect, that is, the throttle is very quick to close, and the throttle is relatively slow.Therefore, based on this reality, when the automatic throttle adjusts the thrust, it follows the fast increase and slow decrease, that is, when the throttle is closed, it is closed very slowly, but when it is necessary to increase the throttle, it is simply much easier.

The characteristic of CFM56 engine thrust increase slowly is especially obvious at high altitudes. Because of this, many operations at low altitudes cannot be used at high altitudes.For example, at low altitudes, it is normal to close the throttle and hold the stick to slow down.

And you can't do that at high altitudes!

Once the high altitude is exhausted, if you want to add it back, it will take a long time.Moreover, the cruising altitude of the aircraft at that time was already over [-] meters, which was a very high cruising altitude, and the air was quite thin.As soon as the throttle is turned off, even with the stick on, the plane still can't stop falling.

Not to mention, when the captain realized that he had exceeded the altitude, he instinctively pushed the pole again.

Originally, the captain wanted to repair the excess of more than 100 feet, but with such a small push, the plane lost more than [-] feet of altitude in the blink of an eye.

The captain was not stupid, the hairs all over his body stood on end immediately, he knew that he had made a big mistake!

Fortunately, Xu Cang reacted quickly. After seeing the captain cut off the throttle, even though the captain was holding the lever at that time, he still put the throttle back on himself.

However, it is precisely because of the difficult thrust increase speed of the CFM56 engine at high altitudes that the aircraft was still descending sharply the moment the captain ejected the stick.

To be honest, Xu Cang really didn't expect the captain to push the pole after he took the pole, he was really shocked.

Xu Cang relied on instinct to live until now, which doesn't mean other pilots can do the same.Xu Cang's instinct is to see everything and complete the processing of information in a very short time.While other pilots have more mechanical muscle memory, they can't really understand the current situation.

So, why do most pilots need training?
It is the so-called mechanical muscle memory that requires a lot of training to correct these mistakes.

At first, Xu Cang was watching the captain take the stick too far off the altitude, and he also added the throttle on his side, the captain should realize his mistake.However, this ejector really frightened Xu Cang.

"You can't fly like this!"

Xu Cang could no longer let it go, and grabbed the steering wheel.

Almost at the same time when Xu Cang was holding the steering wheel, on the navigation page, the plane that was originally in the direction of ten o'clock in the spring and summer 9334 cut obliquely, and the plane was only a thousand feet lower, and instantly changed from a white hollow diamond to a yellow solid , and then turn directly to red without stopping.

At the same time as the adjacent signal point turned red, an electronic sound alarm sounded in the cockpit: "Climb!"

To be honest, Xu Cang mainly focused on PFD, and didn't pay much attention to the navigation page.As the TCAS warning sounded, Xu Cang realized that there was another plane below him, and it was very close.

At this time, the anxious voice of the controller sounded in the cockpit at the same time: "Chun Xia 9334, turn right heading 270, emergency avoidance, emergency avoidance."

At this moment, the captain immediately switched to maneuvers to avoid conflicts, and handled it very skillfully, and immediately disconnected the autopilot and autothrottle.In the RA warning of TCAS, a red trapezoid will appear in the PFD, and the pilot must control the aircraft to maintain the attitude outside the trapezoid.

At this time, the top of the trapezoid has reached the attitude of positive five degrees, that is to say, the pilot must increase the attitude of the aircraft to more than five degrees, and the rate of ascent generated in this attitude can ensure conflict avoidance.

The TCAS mid-air collision avoidance system is an interactive system. When the Spring and Summer Airlines aircraft has an RA alarm, the National University Airlines aircraft below will also generate an alarm.

For example, now that Xu Cang and his planes are instructing to climb, the TCAS warning of the Air China plane below is to instruct the crew to lower the attitude, so that once they go up and down, the conflict can be resolved.

From the design principle, the TCAS warning only has pitch guidance, but no roll avoidance guidance.

From the perspective of control, in fact, we should first try to resolve the conflict from the vertical direction, and if it cannot be resolved, we should find a solution from the horizontal direction.The Xianchi controller came up and directed the turn. It is true that he was forced to hurry.

At this time, the engine thrust has not been added. If the attitude is increased to positive five degrees in accordance with the TCAS guidelines, the speed will definitely not be able to withstand it, and it will turn into a stall all of a sudden.If it stalls at an altitude of more than 1 meters, and there is another plane below, it doesn't seem much better than it is now.

However, when the captain was helpless, the controller obviously gave an assist.The vertical separation cannot be solved, and TCAS has no roll guidance, but it is made up for the control.

The captain was overjoyed, and without even thinking about it, he pressed down on the right wheel, and the slope directly broke through [-] degrees. It could be seen that the captain was also in a hurry.

However, the captain had just pressed down on the right wheel, and before holding it for a second, he suddenly felt that something was holding the steering wheel.

"Damn it, the right side is a restricted area!"

Xu Cang's hands were so strong at the moment, he actually directly overrode the captain's control, and directly turned the steering wheel to the left by [-] degrees.

"Forbid what?" The captain didn't react immediately.

At the same time as the captain was asking questions, a second panicked voice from the control rang out on the radio: "Chun Chun Xia 99999"

Just by hearing the sound, one can imagine how scared the controller is.

Xu Cang didn't have time to go back to the controller at this time. Although he avoided the forbidden zone, another serious problem was actually caused during the two steep turns, which was the decomposition of lift force.

In the case of lack of power, the lift of the Chunxia 9334 aircraft was not enough. Now in the steep turn attitude, the lift is decomposed, which greatly reduces the lift.Even if the rear thrust was gradually added, the aircraft's descent rate still did not decrease, and it crashed straight into the Air China aircraft below.

Originally, according to the instructions of TCAS, the plane should go up in spring and summer. However, due to the limitation of actual performance, the plane not only did not go up, but also went down. As a result, the original requirement of at least plus five degrees was increased by plus seven degrees, and at the same time the voice alarm was generated. changed: "Climb! Increase climb!"

The TCAS system is urging the crew to speed up the ascent!
However, this is clearly unattainable.

The plane of National University Airlines below also issued a TCAS warning, which required the crew to descend, and the attitude was about three degrees minus.

Although this sudden conflict warning also frightened the crew of National University Airlines, the captain of National University Airlines responded in a timely manner, double-broken immediately, adjusted the throttle, and at the same time lowered the posture with the ejector lever.The aircraft immediately formed a descent rate of more than [-] feet.

The crew of National Airlines must be a little nervous, but they are not afraid.Sometimes, nearby aircraft may easily cause TCAS warnings due to excessive lift rates. As long as you follow the TCAS guidelines, there is basically nothing wrong.

"Brother, there is a plane above us that is [-] feet higher than us, and it is still descending." The co-pilot of National Airlines even had extra energy to observe the navigation page to guess which plane caused the traffic conflict.

The captain maintained a small posture and muttered, "Did you adjust the altitude wrong?"

With his head down like this, the captain's first thought was that the plane above was flying at the wrong altitude.In this case, once a conflict warning occurs, the crew of the aircraft above can almost react, and there is no danger.

However, the co-pilot suddenly said: "They are still descending."

You can’t see too much information about the aircraft on the navigation page of the aircraft. You can only rely on the TCAS system to know the aircraft within a certain horizontal distance range and a certain vertical distance range. At the same time, there will be a difference in altitude from the signal.

The positive value is how many feet higher than yourself, and the unit is hundreds of feet, and the negative value is the height lower than yourself.

Like the controller’s monitoring radar, there will be an arrow representing ascent or descent after the altitude number, and at this moment there is a downward arrow behind the red signal point 05, indicating that the plane above is now only higher than itself Five hundred feet and still falling.

"It's only [-] feet away, and it's still descending. In spring and summer, they must be out of their minds, can't understand TCAS?" Condition.

But before he pressed it, the captain suddenly found a second yellow signal point suddenly appeared near him.

It was a plane more than 1000 feet below them. It turned out that there was another plane traveling in the same direction [-] feet below them. Due to the large altitude difference, it was not reflected on the navigation page.Now as he descended, the signal of the plane below appeared.

The gap of more than 1000 feet could not last long at a descent rate of [-] feet per minute, so the signal of the plane below changed to yellow, which turned into the color of TA alert.

In less than two seconds, the plane below also turned red.As a result, the TCAS warning of the National Airline aircraft began to appear a second completely different instruction: "Level Off!"

From falling to flattening.

To be honest, at this time, the captain of National University Airlines was also confused.He could understand the logic of TCAS, the plane at the bottom must have been ordered to descend with a large value, and his side must not be able to ascend, so TCAS did not instruct him to change from descending to ascending, but directly changed to level off.

In principle, as long as you follow the guidelines of TCAS, there is no problem.

But I can't stand that the Spring Airlines plane on the top doesn't follow TCAS.

The captain of Air China could figure out with his thumbs that the top plane must have been ordered to ascend, but in the end the plane was still descending. In this way, he was crazily squeezing his room for movement.

To be honest, the captain of the National University Airlines was a little panicked at this time, his mind went blank, and he didn't even think about the turning operation.

Even if there is no instruction from the controller, at this time, it is obvious that the vertical separation cannot be solved by pitching, so it can only make a turn on its own initiative.

It is not that the captain of National Airways has never encountered an RA warning, but it is the first time he has been caught up and down like this time.

For a while, the captain of National Airline was a little bit overwhelmed, and instinctively followed the guidance of TCAS to level the plane.

However, when he leveled off, the captain of Air China suddenly found that the Spring Airlines plane above was still descending, and the altitude gap was less than [-] feet.

At this moment, in the cockpit of Spring and Summer Airlines, the situation has reached a critical situation.Since the captain pressed the dial to the right at the beginning, Xu Cang changed back to the left, and just turned to the original position, right above the National Airline.

However, at this time, the altitude difference between the two planes was only more than 200 feet, and the thrust was only added back to about [-], which was too slow.

What is the concept of more than 200 feet?At this moment, the descent rate of Chunxia 9334 aircraft still has a descent rate of more than [-] feet, and it will only take more than six seconds to hit it.

Originally, when Xu Cang was about to level the plane, he noticed that the altitude difference between the two was only [-] feet, and a thought flashed in his mind. .

If there were still 1000 feet left, Xu Cang would continue to turn left without hesitation.However, there are only less than [-] feet left, which is too close. Even if the aircraft has been powered up, it still has a descent rate of more than [-] to [-] feet, and it takes time to continue to form a left slope. The planes are about to collide.

Therefore, he must restrain the tendency of collision in vertical height.

"I'm going to hit it, I'm going to hit it!"

At this time, Xu Cang pursed his lips and hugged the pole, and the attitude of the plane increased to ten degrees almost instantly.At an altitude of more than 9000 meters, such a big attitude is really terrifying, not to mention that the power of the aircraft has only increased to [-], which is by no means a power value that matches such a huge attitude.

Under such circumstances, the speed of the plane dropped from .79 to .62 in an instant, and the speed decrease was exaggerated, almost approaching the top of the red-black speed belt.

The captain stopped breathing: "It's stalled!"

With such a height and such power, the speed dropped by 0.17 Mach number in an instant, which is extremely terrifying.According to this speed, as soon as the aircraft enters the stall, it will instantly fall into a deep stall, and the aircraft still has to rush down.

However, at this time, Xu Cang's ability was revealed.

The moment the plane's Mach number reached Mach .60, he immediately reduced the attitude to five degrees. At the same time, he freed his left hand and grabbed the flap handle without even looking at it. He directly put the flap handle from the upper position to the flap wing five.Then, maintain the five-degree posture unchanged.

With such a posture and under power, the plane can maintain a level flight.However, this is based on the normal speed of the aircraft. The speed of the aircraft is too low, and the lift of the aircraft is positively correlated with the speed, which leads to insufficient actual lift at the five-degree attitude.

Therefore, Xu Cang lowered the flaps to provide the initial missing lift.

Actually, what Xu Cang did was against the rules.In principle, Boeing's flaps cannot exceed an altitude of [-] feet. Once exceeded, the flap structure may be damaged.However, if it is necessary to release the flaps above [-] feet, the corresponding flap tag speeds will be reduced for the additional altitude.

However, the amount of this reduction is basically measured by the speed of the watch.But at more than 9000 meters, the significance of the table speed is not great, just use the Mach number.Therefore, Xu Cang can only decrease the speed to the minimum Mach number at the fastest speed, and then release the flaps according to his feeling.

However, according to Xu Cang's feeling, even if the speed is reduced as much as possible, after landing, the flap structure may still be damaged.

Under such a series of operations by Xu Cang, the descent rate of the plane instantly returned to zero, and even rose slightly.

Just such a small difference, Xu Cang suddenly found a plane obliquely cutting past him from the lower left, the distance was so close, the airflow generated by its fly-by even caused Xu Cang's plane to shake for a while.

All this seems to be a complicated operation, but in fact it is just a fleeting thing. The captain of the National Airline below is holding his toes and thumbs tightly.After the two planes staggered, his face was covered in cold sweat, his left hand holding the steering wheel was trembling, and a large area of ​​his back shirt was wet.

After confirming that the danger was eliminated, the captain of National Airlines let out a long breath, silently switched on the autothrottle and autopilot, then pressed the radio button, and let out a hysterical roar on the whole channel to express his condolences to Chun. Greetings from the relatives of Xia Hang, the instigator: "Chun Xia, I'm fucking your mother!"

(End of this chapter)