national surname chiming

Chapter 486 If you want money or not, you will die

After Zhang Shipeng understood Zhu Shuren's pilot ideas conveyed by Yao Qisheng, he was not ambiguous.

In the next two short months, with the gradual implementation of the autumn tax collection work of the Hangzhou government in the second year of Xiaokang, some new policies to benefit the people were gradually publicized, and soon the first batch of people willing to test the waters were found.

"Eh? Have you heard that the imperial court actually set up a pilot project in my Hangzhou mansion this year. All peasants with less than 20 mu of paddy fields and [-] mu of mountain fields can apply to the government after paying taxes and grain in full. Borrow silver! I heard that at least [-] taels can be borrowed!

If the family originally had a few acres of paddy fields, it would not be a problem to borrow 50 taels if these fields could be used as collateral!I heard that some of the highest individual cases borrowed seven or eighty taels! "

This kind of news quickly spread wildly in the counties of Hangzhou Prefecture.

And whenever word of mouth encounters doubts, someone will immediately come up with irrefutable proof that someone in the next village or the next township really borrowed money, and then give the points to the two neighbors who want to go to the city to work and change their status. The odds and ends are down.

It is said that a farmer on Longjing Mountain who originally had only seven or eight mu of mountain land for tea plantation expanded to as much as 25 to six mu after merging the neighbors.

And I heard that after his neighbors were willing to sell the land, they went to the city as a joint stock company and changed their careers to open a fried tea shop, and they did a good job.

Stories like these spread more and more, and most simple farmers believed them after hearing it.

But no matter what era, the voices that think they are calm and rational must always exist.

Especially in the Ming Dynasty, there were too many scholars in several prefectures in northern Zhejiang, and there were a lot of farmers who could read and write but couldn't even get a child.Because they have no fame, these people need to continue to pay taxes and do corvée throughout their lives, but the advantage of literacy allows them to interpret the policies of one or two imperial courts at any rate, and they are not afraid to speculate about the conspiracy with the greatest maliciousness.

"It must be that there are treacherous and flattering people in the court who want to make achievements in promoting the new law and make the index assessment beautiful to please the superiors!"

"This kind of 'typical case' is probably deliberately disseminated by the government's mouthpiece. It is estimated that there may not be one in a hundred. If you catch it, you will gossip."

If it weren't for the fact that the common people are not time travelers after all, and they can't say technical terms like "survivor effect", I'm afraid they will be angry right away.

This is something that can’t be helped. After all, in the Ming Dynasty, if a scholar persists in taking the provincial examination for the rest of his life, the probability of successfully passing the examination in the end is about [-] to [-].

However, the Shaoxing and Ningbo prefectures can be so miserable that seventy or eighty scholars can only roll out a juren in a lifetime.Hangzhou Mansion is not as tragic as Shaoxing Mansion and Ningbo Mansion, but it is still as intense as fifty or sixty scholars can produce one person in a lifetime.

Such an environment makes it difficult for ordinary people to be deceived, and there are too many literate farmers.

Some people who were still wielding hoes in the morning had actually read the allusions of Su Dongpo Wang Anshi and Sima Guang, so a group of the most active people immediately thought of the case of the former Song Wang Anshi's Qingmiaofa who took advantage of the loopholes to gather wool.

How dare the imperial court lend money to farmers?Then you must teach those useless people in the court who don't work hard and don't know the grains, what is the sinister world!

This situation is estimated to be similar to that of some "online loans killing a village" in the 21st century.Most of the later generations of P2P online lenders cannibalize people without spitting out their bones, but there are also some hard-fated old Lai who can cure them.

These people often want money or life, and they are actually the same kind of people as the green-skinned rogues of the Northern Song Dynasty who plucked Wang Anshi's green crops and wool.

Although the imperial court’s law on lending money to the private sector this time is quite different from Wang Anshi’s Qingmiao Law, for example, it is required to be a farmer with less than ten acres of land to be able to borrow money.

In this case, the bachelors who already have employment status, or at least have no land, are excluded from the group of people who apply for loans.It also blocked most of the people who could take advantage of the loopholes.

Unfortunately, even so, it is impossible to 100% shield the wool.The wisdom of the people is endless, especially in the confrontation of taking advantage of legal loopholes. It is all about the ability and the mediocrity, all relying on the natural law of natural selection, which can quickly screen out feasible wool poisoning schemes.

People with low IQs will be arrested soon, and those with high enough IQs and concealment will be able to succeed, and then their experience will spread, allowing others to react quickly and follow suit.

Ever since, under the influence of the laws of nature, Zhang Shipeng's rule soon began to appear all kinds of wonderful evasion strategies.

For example, some rural households were originally eligible to apply for loans, because they were not purely shabby households, but still had one-third of an acre of land, or seven or eight of them.This falls within the scope of "having land, but less than ten acres, so you can be eligible to apply for a loan to buy neighbor's land" allowed by the imperial court.

However, because they have too little land, it is not a pity to give it up or resell it again, or these people are already active in their minds, and they have the idea of ​​changing jobs or business, and have no plan to keep their agricultural registration.

As a result, the folks began to say, "Obviously there are three neighbors, and A has the most fields. He wants to buy the fields of neighbors B and C, and let B and C work as workers in the city. The number of paddy fields of A's family can also exceed ten mu."

But in actual operation, B and C with only one mu of land or a few fractions of land first apply for a loan, and then merge once.Finally, A comes to collect the concentrated fields of B and C in one go.

In such a case, there is nothing wrong with A. The purpose of his loan is indeed to buy a neighbor's field, to achieve a moderate concentration of cultivated land, and to improve agricultural production efficiency.

But the problem is that in the process of B or C, they didn’t want to buy the land and manage it well in the end. They just acted as middlemen, and the money passed through a little bit. money.

Then these people took the government's loan to help farmers buy land, and without the bondage of the original one-third of an acre of land, they directly chose to run away with the money in the future, and even thought about how to hide their names if they were active.

And this kind of thing, the court really can't stop it, because the court can't prohibit the poor people from selling their fields short at one time.

What if the other party really wanted to take out a loan to buy more than ten acres of their own land at the beginning, and then cultivate it well?It's just that after I bought it, other accidents happened, and my survival was in question, so I had to sell the land again to save lives. This is normal.

Just like the imperial court can issue a purchase restriction policy,

But you can't stop people who borrow money to buy a house from cutting off the payment, right?

What's more, it can't prevent people who borrowed money to buy a house from being foreclosed after breaking the loan, right?
In any dynasty, as long as the two methods of foreclosure or foreclosure are used, and they are really not worried about leaving their hometown and their credit records will be completely destroyed, then a person who wants to cheat for a loan to get a fortune will absolutely be unstoppable——

At least in the era before the digitalization and networking of national information, it was absolutely impossible.The degree of refinement of social governance in the Ming Dynasty is obviously far from enough.

……

When the tide goes out, you will know who is swimming.

When flooding, the problem is always easy to be covered up.

Zhang Shipeng was selected by Zhu Shuren as a trial field for loan lending in the second year of Xiaokang and the merger of poor peasants' land. His initial work, of course, had to focus on how to lend money, how to concentrate the land, how to reduce the number of poor peasants, and crowd out some of the population. Industrial and commercial membership.

Therefore, the initial assessment indicators for him are also "how much the average acreage per household of registered poor peasants in Hangzhou government has increased, and how many poor peasants have transferred to work registration". These two indicators determine whether his performance in the pilot project is good or not. , After a few years, whether it should be promoted or retained or devalued.

Forced by the KPI indicators of the law, Zhang Shipeng could only adopt a more aggressive and loose credit policy at the beginning, lending as much as possible to all qualified poor farmers who wanted to buy land, unless the principal allocated to him by the imperial court was no longer enough.

In just a few months, he released at least 200 million taels of silver, involving a total of 10,000+ farmers in various counties in Hangzhou Prefecture.

The achievements on the books are obvious. After such a merger among the poor peasants, the number of paddy fields owned by the remaining poor peasants in the Hangzhou government has increased from more than two mu to more than five mu, which has more than doubled. .

At the same time, at least [-] to [-] households have changed from agricultural registration to working registration, adding full-time cheap labor for the industrial and commercial construction that the imperial court wants to promote.

However, it is estimated that this kind of pilot will not be able to be promoted on a large scale in the future, and it will be flooded.Because the imperial court simply couldn't afford so much money for lending.If a Hangzhou government will spend 200 million taels a year, there will be new mergers and loans every year in the future, and the sum of the final few years may exceed 500 million.

What if Yingtian, Suzhou, Songjiang, Changzhou, Huzhou, Shaoxing, Ningbo... all these rich and wealthy mansions with dense population and few fields per capita also joined the pilot, wouldn't it cost 2000 million taels a year?Over the years, it is 6000 million taels?How can the imperial court have so much capital to lend money?

Based on the balance of the imperial court's years of recuperation and peaceful construction, there has not been a balance of [-] million taels of silver.And the annual fiscal revenue is only tens of millions of taels——

This number is actually not low, because the current population of Daming has not yet recovered, and there are only more than 7000 million people. It is not bad to have an annual fiscal revenue of tens of millions.

In the Qing Dynasty, which was parallel in time and space in later generations, at the end of Qianlong and the beginning of Jiaqing, there was only 8000 million taels of fiscal revenue a year. How else can Heshen’s [-] million taels of house raids be worth the court’s ten-year revenue (in fact, gold and silver are only now) They are hundreds of millions of taels respectively, and the others are all valued from jewelry and rare lands. This is just an analogy for illustration.)
Therefore, after the peace of the Ming Dynasty was restored, the savings slowly accumulated in the past few years, in the next five years, even if there are no other accidents and no other places to spend money, they can only add Zhejiang's money to Nanzhili. A small number of governments are piloting the new law.

These loans have to be recovered after ten or eight years, and the rolling interest has been tripled (if the loans can be recovered smoothly, there must be bad debt losses in fact), before they can be used in South Zhili and other areas of Zhejiang, plus Jiangxi and Fujian promote.It will take another ten years to roll to Huguang, Sichuan, Liangguang...

So this must be a more complicated and procrastinating project than "abolishing Dingji".If Ming Dynasty did not create new currency, or find some other sources of income, relying on the self-owned interest of the financial balance to roll up, it would not be completed in 30 years.

Fortunately, this matter is just an introduction, and there is no need to be in a hurry. The ultimate goal is to fully implement the matter of abolishing Ding and dividing membership.As for how many poor peasants borrowed money to help them buy land and squeeze out their neighbors, this indicator itself is actually not important.

……

Zhang Shipeng had loaned out loans for several months, and while the KPI figures of his political performance were gradually rising, he was quite familiar with the tricky local folk customs, and he was actually very disturbed in his heart.

Because he knew that there must be a big mine buried under his feet.

Therefore, in the first month of the third year of Xiaokang, after the Lantern Festival, he met Yao Qisheng, who was sent by Zhu Shuren to Zhejiang to inspect related pilot work, by chance after the Lantern Festival, and confessed his faint worries about bad debts.

"Mr. Yao, this experiment of lending money and encouraging poor peasants to expand their fields has been accomplished well. However, these [-] to [-] poor peasants have been converted to work status, and the average land of the remaining poor peasant households has more than doubled. The price must be very high.

Although I can't get specific figures, it is estimated that out of the [-] to [-] households who changed their nationality, there may be at most [-] to [-] who stayed in their hometowns to work with peace of mind.

There are at least [-] households who are fishing in troubled waters and taking advantage of the trend to cheat loans. It is estimated that there are green-skinned thugs who will definitely want to take the money and run away, or simply play a rogue-because the loan that I finally verified here was bought and sold. There are at least [-] households, and there is no guarantee that more people will sell their land this year or next before the first loan repayment. "

Zhang Shipeng also knows that those bad debt risk accounts may not return the money now, because there is no urgency right now-the loans issued by the imperial court do not start to recover the mortgage after only one year after they are released.Because many people have just expanded production, and the investment is relatively large, and the money has been taken up. It is very likely that they will not be able to pay for the mortgage directly, and there will be troubles.

Therefore, this kind of operating loan usually starts to receive the annual mortgage payment in the third year after the land is purchased.Since the loan was made at the end of last year, and it's not yet time to start repaying the loan, those people don't need to rush away.You can wait and see again, or find a better opportunity locally.

Escaping and job-hopping can’t be done casually, and you can’t find an opportunity to “raise your salary”.

Therefore, facing Zhang Shipeng's worries, Yao Qisheng was not so nervous.He relayed to Zhang Shipeng with a look of admiration: "My lord has long thought of this possibility, and you are here as a pilot, as long as you are honest and selfless, and do not collude with fraudulent loans for profit.

Even if there is a little bad debt rate in the end, the prince will not blame you-the first person who eats crabs will not be caught, but the government should do a good job of publicity, calm people's hearts, and try to subtly publicize the repayment period , Let those who harbor evil intentions not run too hastily, even if you have fulfilled your duty.

In addition, when the repayment period is less than one year, the Hangzhou government should be ready to seal the border. At that time, people who have left their hometowns will be strictly investigated, and those who owe money to the court will be caught. One needs to be guarded—that would be absconding due to malicious debts.When necessary, you can also set up a set of hands in advance. "

Yao Qisheng obviously didn't do it in vain for more than a year.Every day, he pondered how to prevent fraudulent loans and bad debts from escaping.

In addition, he would often ask Zhu Shuren for instructions, and after all, Zhu Shuren had hundreds of years of knowledge and prevention of financial fraud,
Occasionally, a single call can double the treachery of a traitor like Yao Qisheng.

So Yao Qisheng has actually thought a lot about how to plug the leak as much as possible.

After Zhang Shipeng was comforted by him, he felt a little relieved.It's just that he is vigilant at night and always ensures that he is not corrupted and greedy for personal gain. He knows that as long as he has no subjective malice, the prince's liquidation will not fall on him in the end.

Throughout the three years of Xiaokang, the tax reform and abolishment of Dingfen’s registration and lending continued in an orderly manner.Anyway, there is no need to repay the mortgage this year, and the nervous rascals among the people have been appeased as much as possible, and no problems have arisen.

After all, these rascals are also very poor, and it is not easy to travel far away. It is estimated that there is only one chance to bet in a lifetime, so how can they be careless?It is not easy to make up your mind until the critical moment.

Under the delay of boiling frogs in warm water, putting aside conflicts, time has quietly come to Xiaokang for four years, and everything seems to be harmonious on the surface.

-

PS: It’s really depressing. My wife actually recovered from Yang in early May. I took two tests in the past two weeks, thinking that I had escaped, and the antibodies in my body must be still strong.Unexpectedly, I have been recruited recently.

But it was much lighter than the first time, that is, the symptoms of a severe cold.The antibody finally lasted for five months (my first positive was at the end of December last year).That time I asked for five or six days, but this time I will probably have to rest for two or three days.

However, if I don’t update it for three consecutive days, I’m afraid that everyone will be impatient, so I thought about it, and I still have half a chapter to save the manuscript, and I will ask for leave the next day, and try to slow down to every two days, so that I won’t be too tired to repeat .

所以明天开始隔天请假（31/2/4，实际上请三天），6月1号、3号更新，5号回复彻底正常。

Finally, I still haven’t saved the manuscript, mainly because I was busy preparing the new book for review before, so I didn’t have time to save it.

But the good news is that the new book has finally passed the review this week, but it is a pity that it is already June, and it is easy to hit the end of the off-season when opening a new book at this time, so I am going to wait until July 6st to open a new book (because July 7st is a weekend, So it may be delayed until July 1rd at the latest, which is a Monday.)
I plan to start writing this book on June 6th, save it before June 5th until the end of July, and then start polishing and saving the draft of the new book, that's it.

(End of this chapter)