Rise of Australia

Chapter 393 Penicillin

After discussing with the two ambassadors Winster and Kreiter, Arthur made a very generous decision to provide France with 20 reinforcements within three months, and to transport at least 20 combat troops to Europe every year in the following wars , to ease the pressure on the Anglo-French coalition forces.

This also means that Australasia will send at least one million expeditionary troops in this war, and the contribution is not insignificant, at least Arthur thinks so.

In order to make up for such a large contribution of Australasia, Australasia will get the right to select some industrial equipment, technology and technology of Germany in priority.

It plays a vital role in making up for some of Australasia's industrial foundations. Using the achievements of Germany's development over the past few decades can directly raise Australasia's heritage to a higher level.

In order to express his sincerity, after the two representatives left, Arthur called the Minister of Defense, Raul, and ordered the Ministry of Defense to immediately start recruiting new indigenous soldiers, and within two months, train at least 20 combat troops, Then transported to the European battlefield.

Of course, going to the battlefield is also a way to hone soldiers.Therefore, for these indigenous soldiers, they don't need to undergo too harsh training, they only need to be able to use weapons proficiently and be able to obey the commander's orders.

Anyway, the European battlefield needs cannon fodder, not elite soldiers.No matter how elite soldiers are, they have to pay huge casualties in the face of a protracted war of attrition.

In this way, enough cannon fodder is particularly important.The biggest role of the 20 indigenous troops in Australasia is to replace the British and French coalition forces to die, and use human lives to fill the weakness of the Allies in terms of combat effectiveness of soldiers.

This also means that including the 20 indigenous troops, all the indigenous troops sent by Australasia will face very serious casualties.

But Arthur didn't feel bad either.For Australasia, the casualties of millions of aborigines are nothing, but it is beneficial to the development of the country.

It is also a good thing that the aborigines of Australasia are exhausted, at least it can save enough energy for the government, and there is no need to waste time transferring these aborigines.

Of course, the aborigines in Australasia are not endless, and it is very likely that they will be exhausted in such a tragic war of attrition.

But Arthur didn't panic.Because of the neighbors of Australasia, the Dutch East Indies had tens of millions of natives.

If there is a real shortage of natives, at worst, you can ask your neighbors to borrow them.Anyway, what the Dutch in the Dutch East Indies say doesn't matter, this land has to be listened to by the Australasians.

This is probably the tragedy of weak and small countries.Although the Dutch East Indies is the most important colony of the Netherlands, this area was previously surrounded by the colonies of the British Empire, and now it is too close to Australasia, one of the great powers, to gain too much autonomy.

To put it bluntly, Australasia even has the ability to occupy the entire Dutch East Indies at any time. Just relying on the relationship with Britain and Russia, the Dutch can only smash their teeth and swallow them in their stomachs, and dare not fart.

This is also the truth of the present society, and even the world since ancient times.

The strong make the truth, the weak obey the truth.

Unless you can confidently challenge the strong headed by the United Kingdom like Germany, the world order will never be broken, and the weak will always be weak.

The 20 native army was just an episode. For Arthur, no matter how many natives there were, they were just cannon fodder.

As long as Arthur is willing, with the population of the Dutch East Indies, there is no problem in forming an army of millions of natives.

But the stability and combat capability of such an army are problems, and they are destined to become cannon fodder.

Fortunately, the current French battlefield only needs cannon fodder. It is no coincidence that Australasia has more channels for making contributions, and these natives also have more ways to contribute to the world.

As for the resettlement of the killed and injured natives, Arthur generously stated that Britain and France could handle it on their own.

Those who were not seriously injured continued to go to the battlefield after being healed, and those who died in battle were buried on the spot. Tens of thousands of people could make do with burying a big pit.

Of course, it is a contribution to the Australasian government after all.For all the aborigines who died in battle, Arthur will also fulfill his promise to give freedom to the families of these aborigines.

All the families of the aborigines who died in battle will receive enough funds to allow them to go to other regions, and they will go to Southeast Asia or Africa under the escort of a fleet organized by the Australasian official organization.

Don't even think about becoming an Australasian citizen. People of the yellow race can, but Arthur doesn't have any idea of ​​accepting black people.

Of course, it's not racist, it's just that Arthur simply hates chocolate.

After all, the few East Asian immigrants had a good life in Australasia. Isn't this just how Arthur treats every race equally?
As for the chocolate, sorry, isn't that the African specialty gorilla?Australasia does not have the habit of eating monkey brains, and gorillas are not welcome.

In addition to the training of the indigenous army, the pharmaceutical group established by the royal consortium received news that Arthur was very interested in.

The Pharmaceutical Group was specially established by Arthur before the First World War, responsible for all medical and drug research, manufacturing and personnel training.

And this news came from the biological research laboratory of the pharmaceutical group, a place that Arthur spent a lot of money to build.

The head of the biology laboratory is Alexander Fleming, a biologist in his early 30s, a British Australasian.

Fleming, together with his mentor Wright, was invited to Australasia four years ago, and became an honorary professor of biology at the Australasian National University at the time, conducting research in biochemistry.

Arthur has never forgotten the expert who discovered penicillin. After the establishment of the pharmaceutical group, Arthur asked the Kent housekeeper to immediately hire Fleming to be the exclusive head of the largest biological research laboratory under the pharmaceutical group to engage in the research of immune drugs.

This research direction is the same as his mentor Wright, and it is also Fleming's current specialty.

Penicillin is a drug of great significance to humans. Arthur still has a certain amount of research on the history of the discovery of penicillin.

If Arthur remembered correctly, the discovery of penicillin had been one of many coincidences.Time, temperature, and cultivation environment are all important factors.

However, Arthur remembered the discovery process of lysozyme. After reminding Fleming, he asked Fleming to conduct research in the direction of antibacterial and immunity, and prevent wound infection, so as to create a vaccine or drug to reduce the current risk of wound infection.

In order to speed up the development of penicillin, Arthur's investment is not insignificant.

Since the discovery of penicillin was too coincidental, the number of experiments was expanded to promote the coincidence of the discovery of penicillin.

For Fleming's research, so far, in the four years, Arthur has invested more than 400 million Australian dollars, hundreds of biology experts and professors, hundreds of biology research workers, conducted a large number of experiments and Research.

The hard work paid off, and on January 1915, 1, Arthur finally received the news that Fleming had discovered penicillin.

The study of penicillin was full of twists and turns. First, lysozyme had to be discovered. Fortunately, Arthur remembered the discovery process of lysozyme clearly, so he had already discovered lysozyme more than three years ago.

But lysozyme is still a long way from penicillin. After three years of research and on the basis of a large number of experiments, penicillin was finally discovered.

The discovery of penicillin must be guaranteed by a variety of conditions. First, there must be Penicillium spores of unknown origin falling into the culture medium of Staphylococcus.

Second, the medium should be placed at room temperature, not the 37°C environment that is most suitable for the growth of Staphylococcus.

Third, the climate and environment of Australasia.It is worth mentioning that in early December, when Australasia appeared, the climate was not hot, even very cool, so it was very suitable for Penicillium to grow and mature first, and produce penicillin.

But when the time came to the middle and late December, the temperature had risen significantly, which was more suitable for the rapid growth of staphylococcus. Only then did lysis occur in the culture medium, prompting Fleming to discover penicillin in the culture medium, which also led to lysis The culprit of the phenomenon.

After Arthur rushed to the research laboratory of the pharmaceutical group, Fleming was still conducting his own research at this time.

Fleming's character is a down-to-earth, silent and unassuming person.

Even after completing Arthur's mission and discovering penicillin, he did not show excessive joy, but continued to immerse himself in his research.

Arthur didn't disturb Fleming's research, but stood aside, watching Fleming's operation with interest.

After a long time, Fleming finished the operation and was about to take off his gloves to wash his hands, only to find Arthur not far behind him, standing up quickly and about to salute and say hello.

"It's okay, Mr. Fleming, continue your research. You have made great contributions to the discovery of penicillin this time. After the penicillin can be completely separated and purified, everyone in the laboratory will have a huge contribution. Fry Mr. Ming, please work hard for a while, and when the penicillin can be mass-produced, I will personally congratulate you and all the experts in the laboratory!" Arthur waved his hand, stopped Fleming from saluting, and said with a smile.

In the original history, it took more than ten years between the discovery of penicillin and its official use.

Of course, there are reasons why Fleming did not face up to the role of penicillin, so there is no reason for a large number of studies, and there are also reasons why it is difficult to separate and purify penicillin.

Scientific research requires not only sufficient ability, but also a little bit of luck.

The discovery of penicillin was a coincidence, and the purification of penicillin was actually the result of both hard work and coincidence.

The separation and purification of penicillin needs to go through several steps. First, isolate the strain and increase the production of penicillin.

Second, extract penicillin crystals, discover molds that can provide more penicillin, and develop culture fluids that can produce penicillin.

A large amount of Penicillium can be produced by preparing a culture solution, and a large amount of Penicillin can be purified to promote the mass production of Penicillin.

In terms of the application of penicillin, Fleming also planned to start detailed research.

At present, it can be determined that penicillin has a good antibacterial effect.However, for wound infection and various bacterial infections, a large number of experiments are still needed to ensure that penicillin will not cause too much harm to the human body, and it can be used as a drug and officially put into commercial use.

Although Arthur knew that this was a drug that would change a lot for human beings, he couldn't make a decision without evidence before there were enough convincing experimental results.

Anyway, the casualties in Australasia are not great at present, and the demand for mass production of penicillin is not so high.

Now that penicillin has been discovered, it is not that difficult to purify and mass-produce penicillin.

With the royal consortium spending a lot of money, it is actually not difficult to speed up the mass production of penicillin.

And Arthur is now thinking about what reward to give Fleming.

A Victorian Commemorative Medal is certainly essential.This medal also often represents the title of honorary knighthood, as well as an annual subsidy of 5200 Australian dollars.

In addition to a reward of 50 Australian dollars, a villa in the center of Sydney, and an increase in job benefits, it is almost the reward Arthur planned for Fleming.

Don't underestimate this Victoria Memorial Medal. Since Arthur issued this medal, it is the first time to award the Victoria Memorial Medal to the people, which is enough to show how difficult it is to obtain the Victoria Memorial Medal.

In fact, increasing the specifications of the three medals and ensuring the gold content of the three medals is also Arthur's long-standing plan.

So far, not to mention the Victoria Memorial Medal, including the Royal Knights Medal and the Australasian National Medal, all the people who have won the medals can be counted on one hand.

As for the noble title of honorary knight, so far, only three people have obtained it.

In addition to Evan, the first Prime Minister who made great contributions, there are also Sir Silvio and Sir Silvio, the commanders of the first and second divisions who were rewarded by Arthur when he wanted to quickly establish a military industry system in the Australasian army. Sir Felitz.

This also means that Fleming is likely to become the fourth jazz of Australasia and join the aristocratic system of Australasia.

Of course, the aristocracy in Australasia was likely to expand after World War I.

After all, the interests of the nobles are the same as those of the monarch. Only with more nobles can the interests of Arthur and the royal family be guaranteed.

Especially these new nobles who were entrusted by Arthur himself, if they want to maintain their rights, they must support Arthur's rule.

With Arthur's support, their rights and status could be maintained in Australasia.

This is different from those European traditional nobles and the new Australasian nobles, who are just nobles with empty titles, without actual fiefdoms, let alone any army.

And because they are new nobles, they don't have any background.The only way they could maintain their power and status was to unite under Arthur and protect the Australasian monarchy.

After all, if the Australasian monarchy disappeared, these nobles entrusted by Arthur would naturally disappear as well.

Nobles can never be independent from the monarch. After all, the monarch is the biggest noble and the representative of all nobles.

In order to win over all the nobles, although the new nobles of Australasia do not have any territories, they can receive a sum of money from the royal family every year according to the level of their titles. (Honorary jazz can get 3 times the per capita annual income of the year)
If the aristocratic level is sufficient, they can also obtain the land rewarded by Arthur that is not too large to build their own private manors and castles.

This also led to the fact that although the new nobles in Australasia do not have their own territory, as long as they are obedient and know how to protect the interests of the royal family, they can live well. At least it is no problem to be a rich man.

Arthur also planned to set up a joint consortium among the nobles. The royal consortium would give up part of the benefits every year and distribute them to some big nobles to completely win over the aristocratic class in Australasia.

Of course, this is still far away from the current Australia.After all, there are currently no great nobles in Australasia (except Arthur), and there are only three honorary knights, and there is no need to form a joint consortium of nobles.

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(End of this chapter)