From a university student to a chief academician

Chapter 298 Open Universe Balanced Universe Closed Universe
Cosmic Research Institute, laboratory!
Ye Fei was sitting on a chair, surrounded by many researchers, all wearing virtual glasses.

In the Metaverse!

Ye Fei stood in a square surrounded by many researchers.

Ye Fei tapped his finger in front of the sky, and a cosmic pattern appeared in front of him instantly.

The cosmic pattern is black, with some dots inside, like a universe that has shrunk countless times.

"Look everyone!"

"According to the results of the Planck test and the ACDM model, only six parameters are needed to reproduce the evolution history of the universe that is basically consistent with the observed data in a statistical sense."

"Different observational data will have some inconsistencies when inferring cosmological parameters based on the basic ACDM model..."

"..."

"Everyone, please look here."

Ye Fei pointed a finger, and a certain part of the universe pattern was instantly enlarged, saying: "You see, according to Hubble's law, the size of the redshift is proportional to the distance, v=Hd."

"The universe went through an evolutionary stage with extremely high temperature and density. As the universe expanded, the energy density and temperature of the universe gradually decreased, forming the universe we see today."

"..."

"So, to study the expansion of the universe, we should establish a true redshift relationship."

The so-called redshift relationship is very complicated to use professional terms, but in simple terms, it is a phenomenon of electromagnetic radiation.

Electromagnetic radiation has the phenomenon that the wavelength increases. In the visible light band, the spectral lines of the spectrum appear to move a certain distance toward the red end, which is the phenomenon of red shift.

Next, Ye Fei explained the basics of cosmology and the knowledge of the accelerated expansion of the universe to everyone with dynamic pictures.

After a long time, Ye Fei finished his explanation and left the Metaverse.

Ye Fei took off the virtual glasses, looked at the other researchers who were taking off the virtual glasses, and said: "Everyone, we are mainly studying the expansion of the universe. According to what I just explained, everyone should find the order of the black holes as soon as possible."

Everyone said: "Okay, Dean!"

One month later, at noon, Ye Fei walked out of the laboratory and was going to eat in the cafeteria.

At this time, the assistant came over and said, "Dean, the meeting with Academician Li Yue is ready, when do you think it will start?"

Ye Fei's eyes lit up when he heard this, and a trace of excitement flashed across his face.

Academician Li Yue is a member of the Academy of Cosmology of the Institute of Physics, Xia Guo Academy of Sciences. His research on cosmology is top-notch in the world.

Let’s talk about it here. If you want to say that Xia Guo is not good in other research fields, but in the field of space and aerospace, Xia Guo is in the top three in the world.

Ye Fei once invited Academician Li Yue and some other academicians and professors of the Cosmology Academy, hoping to hold a small meeting in the Metaverse and ask them some knowledge of cosmology.

It's just that these people are usually very busy, even if there is a metaverse to get them together, it is difficult.

Ye Fei made an appointment for half a year, and it was only now that the appointment was successful.

Ye Fei said, "Two o'clock in the afternoon!"

The afternoon is the most difficult time. Of course, a meeting like this should be held in good spirits.

Ye Fei thought, everyone should go to eat first, and rest for more than an hour after eating, so that they will be more energetic during the meeting.

"Okay, Dean!"

After the assistant said a word, he walked to the side and took out his mobile phone to contact the other party.

Two o'clock in the afternoon, Metaverse!

There is a round conference table with ten chairs. The surroundings of the conference table are dark, and only the area of ​​the conference table is bright.

At this time, suddenly a person appeared on each chair.

Ye Fei, Li Yue, and eight academicians or professors.

Li Yue is a middle-aged man with a thin face and thick half-white hair.

After sitting down, everyone looked at each other and greeted each other.

Li Yue looked at Ye Fei who was sitting beside him and said with a smile, "Academician Ye, hello!"

Ye Fei smiled and said, "Academician Li, hello!"

"Academician Ye." Li Yue said, "I heard that you want to ask us about cosmology?"

"Yes!" Ye Fei said, "I'm studying cosmology now, looking for the arrangement order of black holes."

Li Yue said: "Where do you start researching at this stage?"

Ye Fei said: "The universe is expanding!"

Li Yue shook his head slightly and said: "This kind of research is too cumbersome. Since we are studying the order of black holes, I suggest starting with the collapse of the universe."

The universe was created from a singularity explosion, and then the universe will continue to expand, cool down, and evolve.

Scientists have discovered through research that there will be three states in the universe, which are open universe, balanced universe and closed universe.

Open universe: The universe expanded after the Big Bang, and the expansion force of the expansion is far greater than the gravitational force, and the universe will expand endlessly.

And this phenomenon is also generally believed by the scientific community. They believe that the universe will continue to expand.

And, the expansion speed exceeds the speed of light.

Therefore, there will be no such claims as universe shrinkage and universe destruction in the open universe.

The universe will only continue to expand, and stars will continue to be born.

Balanced universe: The universe expanded after the Big Bang, and the expansion force of the expansion is approximately equal to the gravitational force, so the expansion will become slower and slower, and finally expand at an extremely slow speed.

Closed universe: After the big bang, the universe expanded, and the expansion force of the expansion could not compete with the gravitational force, so when it reached a certain level, the inflation tended to stop, and thus began to collapse opposite to the inflation.At the end of the collapse, the universe undergoes a big squeeze.

The expansion of the universe belongs to the open universe, while the collapse of the universe belongs to the closed universe, and the two are opposite studies.

Then, starting from the study of the collapse of the universe, the study of the expansion of the universe is completely abolished.

Li Yue said: "Black holes are formed by collapsing stars. Affected by the mass of stars, different stars will undergo different changes. Stars with sufficient mass will form black holes at the end of their life cycle."

"Therefore, it is more convenient and more direct to study black holes from the collapse of the universe."

Ye Fei's eyes lit up when he heard this, and he smiled and said, "I said why I always feel something is wrong after studying for so long. It turns out that the research is in the wrong direction."

"If I knew this, I should have asked you guys earlier."

Although the research starts from the collapse of the universe, the expansion of the universe studied before is invalidated.

But Ye Fei didn't feel sad at all.

He knows that it is much more convenient to study the collapse of the universe than the expansion of the universe, so the most convenient method must be used.

Li Yue smiled and said, "Is there any specialization in surgery? No one can do it in any field."

"Academician Ye, you don't have to be too modest. We don't know what you know, and you don't know what we know."

Ye Feidao: "If it collapses from the universe, how should it be studied?"

Li Yue said: "We need to start with self-gravitational radiation, radiation state equation and black hole entropy."

"The equation of the radiation state near the event horizon of a black hole, calculating the entropy of a self-gravitating radiation system confined in a spherical box."

"In this way, the upper limit of the total entropy of the system is exactly equal to the entropy of the black hole of the same mass formed after the collapse."

"Because a black hole is a celestial body whose space-time curvature is so great that even light cannot escape from its time horizon."

"Thus, studying black hole entropy can study the order of black holes."

Ye Fei was very excited when he heard this, and Li Yue completely pointed out the research direction for him.

He can now feel the joy of many people doing research with him in the past.

It feels so cool to have someone point out the direction of research like this.

Ye Fei smiled and said, "Academician Li, thank you so much."

"It's nothing!" Li Yue shook his head slightly and smiled, "Since you specifically asked me about the order of the black holes, I naturally want to tell you."

Next, Ye Fei, Li Yue, and the other eight people present discussed studying the order of black holes through the collapse of the universe.

After a long time, they ended their discussion. Ye Fei looked at everyone and said, "Thank you for clarifying my doubts today. You can come to me if you have any questions in the future."

Although everyone is a scientist of the Xia Kingdom, getting along with each other is like going back and forth.

It is impossible for a person on one side to give forever without getting something in return.

In this way, people don't get along with each other for a long time, and there will be a label of bad character in others' hearts.

Everyone smiled and nodded when they heard this. They helped Ye Fei, and they naturally wanted Ye Fei to help them.

As Li Yue said, what they know Ye Fei doesn't know, and what Ye Fei knows they don't.

Moreover, with Ye Fei's ability, there are quite a lot of places they can seek help from Ye Fei.

Ye Fei's office.

Ye Fei was wearing virtual glasses and sitting on the boss chair. At this moment, he took off the virtual glasses from his eyes and put them on the table, then he frowned and thought.

After a while, he turned on the computer and recorded the thoughts in his mind.

[According to self-gravitational radiation, radiation state equation and black hole entropy, the following research steps can be carried out.

[-]. Explain the formation of black holes with the origin of black hole entropy.

[-]. Modify the radiation state equation and the entropy of the self-gravity radiation system.

[-]. The gravitational collapse of the self-gravitational radiation system. 】

[The first one: explain the formation of black holes with the origin of black hole entropy.

Einstein once said that for any system with effective radius R and energy E, the entropy of the system has a universal upper limit, which can be expressed in the Planck unit system (C=h=G=K=1) as : S≤2πER...

……

The reasonable mode of the collapse of the spherically symmetric self-gravitational radiation system is to form a black hole first, and then the black hole gradually erodes the surrounding radiation matter until the entire system collapses into a black hole. 】

After writing the first one, Ye Fei stopped, hovered his fingers over the keyboard, and looked aside the computer with flickering eyes.

Ye Feixin said: "The first one uses the origin of black hole entropy to explain the formation of black holes. I can deduce it quickly, but the second and third ones below need further research."

Ye Fei raised his wrist to look at the time, and murmured, "Is it already seven o'clock in the evening?"

Ye Fei put down his hand, and touched his flat stomach with the other hand, "I'm really hungry."

After speaking, Ye Fei saved what he had written and uploaded it to the quantum computer core library, then turned off the computer, stood up and walked out of the office.

The next day, in the conference room!
Ye Fei looked at the researchers who were sitting down. These researchers were the team leaders of each group.

Ye Fei divided all the researchers into many groups, and each group was responsible for different work contents.

Ye Feidao: "Yesterday, I chatted with Academician Li Yue, and some academicians and professors of the Academy of Cosmology about our research."

"According to Academician Li Yue, we should study from the direction of cosmic collapse."

"Cosmic collapse?" Just as Ye Fei finished speaking, the people below exclaimed.

Someone said: "But, Dean, we were studying the expansion of the universe before!"

"We spent nearly half a year studying the expansion of the universe, and now we have changed it to the collapse of the universe."

"These two directions are opposite research."

"If the universe collapses instead, all our previous efforts will be in vain."

Another human said: "Yes, Dean, now it is changed to study the collapse of the universe. All our previous efforts have been in vain."

"Yes, yes!"

Everyone was chattering.

Ye Fei raised his hand and pressed it, signaling for everyone to calm down.

When everyone's discussion stopped, Ye Fei said: "I know that the universe is now collapsing, and the expansion of the universe we studied before is in vain."

"However, after we study the expansion of the universe, we need to study the Big Bang cosmology, the space-time structure and dynamics of the universe, the energy components of the universe, the cosmological distance, and the accelerated expansion of the universe."

"There are too many fields that need to be studied, and it will take half a year to study successfully."

"The study of the collapse of the universe can be successfully studied in a few months."

Everyone looked at each other hesitantly, they didn't know how Ye Fei calculated this time.

Ye Fei turned on the display screen not far away, then manipulated the laptop in front of him, and displayed on the screen what he had written after the meeting yesterday.

"Everyone, please see!"

"The field of study of cosmic collapse is divided into three parts."

"In the first part, the formation of black holes is explained by the origin of black hole entropy."

"I have completed this part of the research."

"What remains is the second and third parts."

"The second part is to modify the radiation state equation and the entropy of the self-gravitational radiation system."

"The third part is the gravitational collapse of the self-gravitational radiation system."

"The research of these two parts needs your help, let us study them together."

"After these two parts are studied, the arrangement order of the black holes can be known."

"Let me tell you about the content of my discussion with Academician Li Yue. They pointed out the direction for our next research, so that we can make the research of the second and third parts much easier."

Ye Fei then elaborated on the content of his discussion with Academician Li Yue.

After listening to it, everyone suddenly realized that it was so.

According to this statement, the dean is right, it is much more convenient to study the arrangement order of black holes with the collapse of the universe than with the expansion of the universe.

Moreover, the research direction is indicated, so the second and third parts of the research will be much easier and simpler.

Seeing that everyone seems to agree with his previous point of view, Ye Fei said: "So, it is much simpler to use the collapse of the universe to study the order of black holes than to use the expansion of the universe."

"In my estimation, we can complete the study in three months."

"That's three months earlier than our previous estimate."

Everyone nodded and agreed with Ye Fei's statement.

Ye Fei said: "Okay, since you all agree, I will divide the work."

Ye Fei then divided up the work for everyone, and each group was responsible for different work content.

After a while, Ye Fei said: "After you go back, write a research report on the research content that your group is responsible for as soon as possible and give it to me."

The research report is equivalent to explaining what their future research focus is and how it should be researched.

After Ye Fei receives the research report, he will revise the research report.

Afterwards they conduct research based on research reports.

It is equivalent to saying that the research report is the outline before writing the book, and then write the book according to the outline.

"Okay, Dean!" Everyone said.

Ye Fei looked at the crowd and asked, "Is there anything else you want to ask?"

Afterwards, everyone asked Ye Fei some research questions, and Ye Fei answered them one by one.

After a long time, Ye Fei saw that no one was asking any more questions, and said, "Okay, that's it for today, the meeting is over!"

After speaking, Ye Fei stood up and walked outside.

(End of this chapter)