I'm really not doing business

Chapter 784 Your Majesty, I made a bird
Shinichi Kanda was a tough guy and one of the few talented people in Japan. Zhu Yijun highly approved of some of the contents in his "On the Rise and Fall of the World".

Zhu Yijun could not accept the fact that the accusations against the emperor himself were really irrelevant.

The imperial system is an unstable system with a very high upper limit and a very low lower limit. The wisdom of an emperor directly determines the fate of the empire and the direction of the people.

So Zhu Yijun did not blame him too much. He simply threw Kanda Shinichi into the autopsy hospital to make a specimen, which was cut into tens of thousands of slices, making a contribution to the advancement of medicine.

The second volume of Zhang Juzheng's On Public and Private Affairs discusses the relationship between the imperial ambitions and the rise of the common people. It is a very comprehensive discussion. The second volume of On Public and Private Affairs has very specific guiding significance for the current Ming Dynasty. Zhu Yijun wanted to publish it, but Zhang Juzheng thought it was a heinous act.

"Sir, no matter how much theory you have, it still needs practice. It's just a discussion, the sky won't fall." Zhu Yijun made a decision. Now that you, Zhang Juzheng, have written it, it no longer belongs to you. It is one of the collective wealth of the Ming Dynasty.

The call for unity of knowledge and action has been made for so many years, but even Yang Bo cannot achieve the unity of knowledge and action and his conscience. He clearly knows everything, but he just can't do it.

People are the foundation of the country; if the foundation is solid, the country will be peaceful. This sentence comes from the Book of Documents. It is a consensus formed before the Three Dynasties, that is, during the time of Yao, Shun and Yu. It is a compilation of the Book of Yu, the Book of Xia, the Book of Shang and the Book of Zhou. But time flies, and it has been almost five thousand years. Isn't it still a cannibalistic world where big fish eat small fish and small fish eat shrimps?
No matter how much we talk about theory, we still have to put it into practice.

"I obey your order." Zhang Juzheng bowed his head and accepted the order. Since His Majesty doesn't care much about it, just publish it.

After the court discussion, Liu Ji received various gifts from the emperor, including the second volume of Zhang Juzheng's On Public and Private. The second volume of On Public and Private discusses the rationality of the fact that human nature is selfish and everyone is selfish.

Although Yang Zhu's theory has disappeared in the long river of history, leaving only a few words in other people's classics, the lowly Confucian scholars of the Ming Dynasty have lived up to Yang Zhu's theory. This behavior is reasonable, and it is human nature to seek benefits and avoid harm.

These lowly Confucian scholars who have become like Yang Zhu himself have three biggest behavioral logics.

First, only make choices that are completely beneficial to yourself as an individual, even if you can abandon your entire clan.

Second, when the group interests are damaged, they immediately betray the group and avoid personal loss.

Third, when the group benefits, they will immediately use all their efforts to destroy it and stop the group's gains, otherwise it will be regarded as a loss of personal interests.

"What's the point of such a person living?" After reading the opening chapter, Liu Ji hurried back to Huitongguanyi, eager to finish reading "On Public and Private" carefully.

There is a universal connection between all things.

In order to obtain higher profits, herders on the grassland overgrazed, causing the grassland to degrade into sand. The more it degraded, the more intense the competition for grassland among herders became, and the problem of grassland degradation became more serious. When the north wind blows, the capital is covered with sand and dust.

In sociology, man is the sum of all relationships.

Since the Wanli reign, the Ming Dynasty has been committed to disintegrating the small peasant economy and transforming it into a commodity economy. The more developed the commodity economy is, the closer the connection between the emperor's imperial ambitions and the common people becomes.

There is only one place in the Ming Dynasty that can be called a commodity economy in the true sense, and that is Songjiang Prefecture.

When Songjiang Governor Wang Daokun took office in Songjiang, he planned that within ten years, the population of Songjiang Prefecture would increase by 300 million due to the opening of the sea. However, in the 14th year of Wanli, the total population of Songjiang Prefecture had exceeded 3.5 million, surpassing that of Beijing in one fell swoop. All previous plans became ridiculous and had to be completely overturned and started over again.

Songjiang Prefecture completed its transformation into a commodity economy, and the small peasant economy collapsed.

Under the circumstances of a prevalent small peasant economy, the living area of ​​most people does not exceed twenty miles from generation to generation, and most people will not have any contact with people outside the surrounding area. The imperial ambitions have almost nothing to do with the common people, and the imperial ambitions will definitely become a burden to the common people.

Therefore, we must oppose militarism and large-scale construction projects, and we must oppose them with a clear-cut stand to prevent the country from becoming unrest and dragging all social classes into the abyss.

After the continuous disintegration of strong personal dependence relationships and the establishment of large-scale free employment relationships, the imperial ambitions began to become closely related to the rise of the common people.

Because the variety of goods is increasing and materials are becoming more abundant, the more powerful the imperial power becomes, even the common people will benefit.

The people of the Ming Dynasty must live better than the people of Merina who eat raw meat and drink blood.

The world belongs to all people in the world. This sentence in your majesty's reply contains a lot of content, such as expanding territory, foreign wars, military reform, official roads, building schools and other imperial ambitions. These are related to everyone and are of great importance.

If the transformation into a commodity economy is completed, then everyone will live in a huge economy with rapid flow of goods, and everyone's fate will be related to the rise and fall of this economy. The better the economy is, the better life will be for everyone, and the worse the economy is, the worse life will be.

Being able to link the imperial ambitions with the rise of the common people will break the curse that has existed since ancient times. When the imperial power does not extend below the county level and the power of the court can be transmitted to the village level through various means, the political structure will undergo earth-shaking changes.

When Liu Ji saw this, a doubt immediately arose in his heart.

His Majesty is wise enough and ambitious enough to pursue his imperial ambitions tirelessly. But if the emperor becomes lazy, or even has no ambitions at all, what will happen to the Ming Dynasty?
This doubt itself is outrageous enough, as it is questioning the sacredness of the king's authority.

Just like the Han people who migrated to Liaodong, their goal was to have five large tiled houses, a wife, children and a warm bed. Once these goals were achieved, they would become content with their small fortune and become satisfied when they achieved some achievements, and even stop striving for progress.

Most emperors only want the power of life and death, and do not want to take any responsibility for the rise and fall of the country; they only want to control the wealth of the world, and do not want to take any hard work of handling government affairs.

For example, this is the case with His Royal Highness Prince Lu. Human nature is selfish, and this is a reasonable choice.

To bear the disgrace of the country is called the Lord of the Country; to bear the misfortune of the country is called the King of the World. But most of the kings are neither the Lord of the Country nor the King of the World.

Soon, Liu Ji felt relieved. In fact, the emperor's lack of ambition is sometimes a good thing. Without sufficient ability, too much ambition is a disaster. Doing nothing is sometimes a kind of wisdom.

In the second volume of On Public and Private Affairs, Zhang Juzheng used a long discussion to discuss the relationship between the imperial ambitions and the rise of the common people.

Liu Ji looked at the book "On Public and Private" in his hand. It was only the first two pages. There was a lot of content in the back to discuss public and private. Learning without thinking is useless, but this book made Liu Ji tremble with fear. The questions and answers that were about to come out made him breathe faster.

Liu Ji carefully turned to the third page, and then he found that the discussion on the third page became bolder.

Public and private have always been relative concepts. Everyone in the world is selfish. This is human nature and is extremely reasonable. As long as private ownership exists in this world, there will be class divisions.

Then each class will produce a collective that is larger than the individual, and compared to the individual, the class as a whole is public.

Zhang Juzheng was the first to accurately describe the concept of class. Class is a summary of the antagonistic relationship between oppression and oppression, rule and rule of one group over another or several groups.

This contradiction is based on production relations. That is to say, when production relations are established, the oppositional relationship between the exploiter and the exploited is established, and the relationship between the ruler and the ruled is established.

This is what makes people despair: as long as private property exists, exploitation will be established; as long as there are classes, there will be oppression; as long as there is oppression, there will be resistance.

Conflicts between people and conflicts between classes become inevitable.

Therefore, all class contradictions and struggles will eventually evolve into political contradictions and struggles, manifesting themselves as fierce power struggles in politics.

There were many contradictions and conflicts, such as the relationship between the ruler and his subjects, between civil officials and military officials, between eunuchs and foreign officials, between local gentry and the poor and coolies, tax collection and armed resistance, slavery and so on. Their external manifestations were varied, but their root was still the contradictions and struggles between classes.

The contradictions and struggles between classes, and the intensified conflicts, will eventually destroy each other. The obligation of the dynasty and the king is to use the power that overrides all classes to regulate the contradictions between classes. This is the function of the dynasty. If the regulation cannot be completed, the dynasty will become dysfunctional and will perish.

"The ruler is the heaven. The order of heaven is similar to the moral principles. The ruler should make his subjects harmonious but different, and contend but not destroy. What do you think? It is just a tool." Liu Ji murmured to himself.

The emperor is the only sky in the Ming Dynasty. All order depends on the emperor. The main thing is to allow people in the world to have different opinions, but not to tear each other apart. It sounds good, but how can it be done?
It is just a tool.

The emperor gave a comprehensive annotation on these three words.

As the ruling class, we must occupy a dominant position in economic activities. Only in this way can we form authoritative rule. If we cannot occupy a dominant position in the economy, we will definitely lose our political position as the ruling class.

The slave-owning class lost its dominant position, and the aristocratic families stepped onto the historical stage;

When the swallows that used to fly in front of the halls of the rich and powerful flew into the homes of ordinary people, and the land fell into the hands of local sages and nobles, the imperial examination system that relied on local sages and nobles began to show its edge;
When the small peasant economy began to disintegrate, workshop owners and the emerging bourgeoisie began to take its place.

The ruling class in this land has been changing all the time, and the reason why the ruling class can rule and regulate the contradictions of other classes is that it occupies a dominant position in the economy.

Liu Ji finished reading the four pages, scratched his head, and put it down for the time being.

What Zhang Juzheng said was very subtle and needs to be understood carefully, which is quite like the style of a scholar. The principles he wrote about require a basic understanding of political logic. It was probably the kind of style that "those who understand will understand, and those who don't understand are too lazy to explain". He was also evasive when he reasoned.

Your Majesty is different. Your Majesty's annotations are always in colloquial language and words. He is afraid that people may not understand, so he has to explain it clearly.

While Liu Ji was studying the Emperor's annotations, Chen Mo, the Chief Justice, was leading more than 20 cavalrymen galloping across the grassland.

It is already late spring, but the wind on the grassland is still cold. The grass on the grassland is covered with dew, reflecting the morning sun. There are bursts of sound of horse hooves, and the iron hooves crush the dew and trample the green grass that has just sprouted into the soil.

Chen Mo and the imperial guards are hunting down a criminal, who is an accomplice of Kanda Shinichi. Kanda Shinichi had the cooperation of an insider to create the book "The Theory of the Rise and Fall of the World", and the person Chen Mo wants to catch is the key criminal.

The criminal appeared at Zhangjiakou Fort in Xuanfu and planned to go to Guihua City via here. When he was in Xuanfu, the owner of the hotel recognized the criminal.

The prisoner and his five followers fled immediately after discovering the abnormality. Zhangjiakou Fort reacted a little slowly and let them escape.

Contradictions, public and private, production, class, distribution, struggle, these, Chen Mo did not understand at all, and was too lazy to understand. He was just a Tiqi who handled cases. He felt that he did not need to understand those things. He only knew two words, loyalty! If they dared to mix with the Japanese pirates and try to subvert the rule of His Majesty, Chen Mo would not let these traitors go! Otherwise, he, Chen Mo, would be sorry for the annual salary of nearly 300 silver, as well as the treatment of his children in the military academy, etc.

Chen Mo looked at the Ti cavalry and felt quite calm. These daring rebels had no way of escaping.

Each Ti cavalryman had three horses on average, while each rebel had only one horse. Even though the rebels' horses were top-quality back-mountain horses with great endurance, after running 120 miles, one of the horses became panting and stumbled, and the rebel on its back fell to the ground and was captured by the Ti cavalry.

Soon, the rebels' horses began to lose strength. They even took out their daggers and stabbed them into the horses' backs, but the horses still fell one after another.

"It's unfair to use the majority to bully the minority!" A typical grassland man, even his hairstyle is a three-part haircut, that is, the sides of the head are shaved until the temples, leaving a tuft of hair on the forehead. The tied man still has a look of unwillingness on his face.

It was such a frustrating loss. The Ti cavalry relied solely on the large number of horses and had no riding skills at all.

Chen Mo carried the musket in one hand and pulled the reins with the other, slowing the horse down, and said calmly, "I am Chen Mo."

"Sky Eagle Saker Falcon?" The big man's expression changed immediately.

The name Chen Mo was not well-known in the Ming Dynasty. He was just a five-year-old marquis. However, on the grassland, he was very famous and was known as the Sky Eagle Saker Falcon. There were some wrong names, but there was never a wrong nickname.

At that time, there was a group of 200 horse bandits chasing Chen Mo. Chen Mo killed twelve of them and escaped. Later, Chen Mo led the government troops to destroy the bandit’s stronghold.

The most troublesome thing about dealing with horse bandits is to find out where they migrate and station. Once we find them, we can wipe them out.

Chen Mo raised his head, held the gun with both hands, and pulled the trigger. The flint rubbed against the flint and produced sparks, which ignited the gunpowder in the firing port. The primer burned rapidly, and the propellant exploded violently in the barrel. The lead bullet swirled and whizzed out, shooting into the sky and hitting the vulture circling in the sky.

"I haven't been on the battlefield for a long time, so my hands are a little rusty." Chen Mo cleaned the cavalry gun and said to the big man with a smile: "Tell me the truth, otherwise I have plenty of ways to make you talk."

The big man was originally thinking about stealing a horse and continuing to escape, but now he gave up. Chen Mo's arrows were very accurate back then, and now his muskets are also so good. He can't escape, so he can only confess honestly to avoid being shot.

Chen Mo brought the big man back to Xuanfu, took the train through Juyongguan, and arrived at Xizhimen Station in the capital of the Ming Dynasty in one day. He then took the criminal to the Tianlao of Beizhenfusi.

"In other words, there are still die-hards on the grassland who want to restore the glory of the Yuan Dynasty and resist the rule of the king, so they are in cahoots with Kanda Shin?" Zhu Yijun frowned and said, "Why do I feel that there is still a key person missing to connect them?"

"The Japanese pirates and the northern barbarians were mixed together. How could they possibly know each other if there was no one to introduce them?"

"Your Majesty is wise." Chen Mo bowed his head and said, "Your Majesty was on a southern tour to Tianjin. The son of the Zhang family in Hejian killed his father, and then they found out about the smuggling of opium. According to Kanda Shinichi's account, the Zhang family in Hejian had been in contact with the Japanese pirates. The beheaded Zhang Pingshan had a concubine named Zhang Tingxuan who was the middleman."

"He has been arrested and imprisoned."

"Oh, revenge for the murder of my father." Zhu Yijun understood. He was on a southern tour and passed through Tianjin. He wiped out the entire Zhang family of Hejian, killed their father, and destroyed the lucrative opium business. It was understandable that the concubine's son, who was not involved in the case, would be angry and seek revenge.

"Send him to the prison together. If he doesn't get involved with the Japanese pirates, I will give him some respect."

If he wanted revenge, he would be assassinated. Zhu Yijun still believed that he was a man, but if he got involved with the Japanese pirates, he could only be sent to the Jieku Hospital to make contributions to medicine.

"Chen Mo, the emperor's uncle asked me to see his new toy. Let's go and join in the fun. I have something to ask you." Zhu Yijun stood up. The emperor's uncle Zhu Zaiyu had tinkered with a fun thing and had already scheduled a trip, but Zhu Yijun hadn't yet asked about the details of the Xuanfu and Datong clearings, so they decided to do it together.

Chen Mo recounted everything he had seen in detail, without hiding anything. Zhou Liangyin's elimination was very successful. He reported to the emperor that the emperor was a bit conservative, fearing that there would be a recurrence and no room for error.

Zhou Liangyin's main method of elimination was to find the common points between obedient officials and redundant staff and carry out targeted elimination.

For example, everyone is present in the roll call book, but in fact the notes are all from the same person, which means that this person is the only pillar of the six rooms and is an obedient official.
On the roll call list, whoever is absent the most can be cleared out along with his relatives, and the yamen can operate as usual. It will be the same with or without him, so he must be a redundant staff.

"His method of elimination seems familiar. Isn't this the formula of Li Kaifang that I used for taxation?" The more Zhu Yijun listened, the more he felt something was wrong. Zhou Liangyin was still copying!
In the past, Zhou Liangyin liked to copy Hou Yuzhao. Every time Hou Yuzhao took a step, Zhou Liangyin would shout, “Me too.” Now Zhou Liangyin has copied the emperor!

Li Kaifang's formula is actually a conditional probability calculation formula. Although the formula is complicated, Zhu Yijun explained it so well using the specific matter of tax inspection that Zhou Liangyin used it directly. He even used Zhang Juzheng's "The Memorial of the Humble Confucian Scholars on the Illnesses of the People" as a condition for redundant staff and conducted a comprehensive screening.

Chen Mo thought for a moment and said, "With so many people, Governor Zhou should find a way to distinguish between the obedient officials and the redundant ones. This will not only ensure that everything in the government is normal, but also clear out the redundant ones. If there is a good way, we should use it."

"If he's working for the country, let him copy it." Zhu Yijun said without much concern.

Zhu Yijun and Chen Mo walked and talked until they arrived at the gate of the Imperial Academy of Studies, where they met Zhu Zaiyu and then took a train to Beidaying. The things that the Imperial Academy of Studies had come up with were really too big for the Academy to handle.

"Your Majesty, this is the invention of Dr. Huang Zifu. Let Dr. Huang explain to Your Majesty what he has invented." Zhu Zaiyu brought Huang Zifu before the emperor.

Huang Zifu was a hermit who was recommended to the imperial court by Tan Lun. He was clever and skilled in craftsmanship. Tan Lun had passed away a long time ago, but his friend is still working hard for the Ming Dynasty.

"Your Majesty, I pay my respects to you. May your Majesty be well and healthy." Huang Zifu greeted him respectfully, then stood up and said after hesitating for a while, "Your Majesty, I made a bird."

"Bird?" Zhu Yijun was stunned, and said solemnly: "Tell me in detail."

"Your Majesty, the navy has hot air balloons tied to ships and released. Since they are made of silk, they are extremely expensive and have the defect of being moved by the wind. The navy has an urgent need to fly higher and see farther. The idea of ​​Chen Lin, the commander-in-chief of the navy, is to make a kite that can carry people." Huang Zifu first talked about the hot air balloons that appeared in the fleet review.

A Kongming lantern is hot air that rises, and a hot air balloon is a large-scale Kongming lantern. However, silk is too expensive, and hot air balloons that move with the wind have too many variables, so the navy hopes that the Institute of Gewu can make a kite that meets the needs to facilitate observation.

The Ming army attached great importance to intelligence. The navy was very annoyed that they could only rely on watchtowers and unstable hot air balloons to observe the enemy situation in naval battles, so they asked the Academy of Gewu if they could make a big kite to take people into the sky.

"I will start designing according to the navy's requirements." Huang Zifu took out a thick notebook and presented it to the emperor.

Zhu Yijun opened the notebook, which was very thick. The initial design drawings were somewhat similar to Leonardo da Vinci's flapping-wing aircraft. A person lay prone in the middle of the flapping-wing aircraft, stepped on the rear top plate, and used his hands to pull the horizontal stick with bird feathers at the front, flapping like a bird, trying to fly.

From the notes, we can clearly see that Huang Zifu was extremely anxious during that time. The drafts were full of crosses drawn by Huang Zifu, and there were even complaints from Huang Zifu about himself.

The main thing was that he wasted tens of thousands of silver coins without any results. The repeated failures made Huang Zifu a little dizzy.

The design drawings of the flapping-wing aircraft took up most of the drawings, and then the design style suddenly changed.

"Your Majesty, I slept a little restlessly that day and kept dreaming. I can't remember what the dream was about, but after I woke up, I thought of hard sails." Huang Zifu explained why his design ideas changed.

The Ming Dynasty's hard sails can sail against all kinds of winds and can move forward even against the wind. The curved hard sails will create a pressure difference because the air flows through different paths, with one side flowing faster and the other side flowing slower, generating force to propel the ship forward.

By turning the hard sail sideways, an upward lifting force can be generated.

Huang Zifu laid the hard sail flat and began to design a new blueprint. The material was also changed from the original cloth to all-wood, and steel reinforcement was added at key locations. Every experiment would bring new gains. From the text and drawings on the draft paper, it can be seen that Huang Zifu's mood was getting better and better.

Throughout the design process, air lift and the angle of the wings, the shape of the fuselage, rudder, elevator, landing gear, etc. began to emerge.

"Is this the air pressure chart?" Zhu Yijun turned to the last page. On the 50-meter-high platform, over 3,000 experimental data were collected over five years. The data was compiled into the pressure difference chart in front of him. From an unmanned aircraft to a manned one, the shape of the hardwood wing was modified bit by bit, striving to obtain enough lift on the curved surface of the wing to meet the needs.

"I designed a total of five single-wing gliders and two bi-wing gliders, and finally decided on these two types of gliders." After Huang Zifu said this, he had someone tow over two gliders.

The first one has a large triangular glider with a wing only about ten feet long. The single wing will be delivered to the navy for reconnaissance use, and it is also relatively easy to tow at sea, like a kite.

The second one was a double-decker aircraft, with a wing that was more than two meters long and an extremely complex design.

(Diagram of a biplane glider)
"Currently, under the traction of the ground, this biplane glider can glide a distance of thirty-five meters after sliding down from a height of five meters." Huang Zifu introduced the performance of this finalized biplane glider.

Huang Zifu not only said that, but also had someone tow the glider to a 50-foot-high earthen platform. The platform was 20 feet long, and a No. 4 iron horse with 72 horsepower was installed on the platform as a towing power. A Ti rider was lying on the glider.

As the iron horse roared, the glider was pulled, the speed became faster and faster, the rope was detached, and the glider shot out under inertia and flew out. Tiqi adjusted his posture and controlled the rudder to keep the glider stable, and it slid smoothly onto the ground in the distance.

The glider had gone through several unmanned tests, and even two pigs were tied to the sky. After nearly a hundred experiments, Ti was allowed to ride on the glider. At first, it was dragged at a height of ten feet, and then it was increased little by little, and finally increased to five feet.

"If the Iron Horse can be further reduced in size and has more than 100 horsepower, it can provide enough power for this biplane glider, and it can fly in the sky all the time!" Huang Zifu excitedly explained why they continued research and development after meeting the needs of the navy.

Zhu Yijun knew clearly that Huang Zifu had fallen into a trap.

Just like Zhu Zaiyu had been tinkering with the steam turbine, it was impossible to achieve any results in the current Ming Dynasty. The steam engine was too heavy. The coal and water were all too heavy. The lift of the wings was simply not enough to carry the steam engine into the sky.

"I have invested in this project, so you can just focus on making it." Zhu Yijun said with a bright smile, "Just tell me how much it will cost, and I will fully fund it from the imperial treasury."

Although it was destined to be fruitless, Zhu Yijun still invested firmly. Failure was not terrible. The experience in mechanical design during the whole process was priceless. These experiences could make the steam engine smaller, change its structure, improve heat utilization, and so on. The benefits were innumerable.

Guaranteed profit without loss.

(End of this chapter)