The Great Industrial Ming Dynasty Started from Beiping

Chapter 640 Shang Gao, the founder of natural science in the first millennium BC

Zhu Gaochi came to Peiping and lived back to his original palace of Prince Yan.

Considering the situation of the eunuchs, most of the personnel in Prince Yan's Mansion, including eunuchs and maids, were transferred to the capital. Not only Prince Yan's Mansion, but also all the princes' mansions were no longer allowed to use eunuchs, so there were not many eunuchs in the imperial city, but these In the past year, there has been a shortage of supply.

As for the palace ladies, those who are willing to go home will be given a large severance package and arranged for carriages to be sent back. Those who are unwilling to leave will remain in the palace. Under the peaceful environment and the protection of power, many palace ladies are unwilling to leave. .

There are only a few people left in Prince Yan's Mansion to maintain order in Prince Yan's Mansion. However, a month ago, the government, Dusi Yamen, and Jin Yiwei had already re-examined the situation to prevent His Royal Highness from encountering bad problems while living in Prince Yan's Mansion.

Zhu Gaochi was not alone. In addition to his third brother, he also had his uncle Yuan Rong.

Day two.

The scholars who had been invited in advance came to Prince Yan's Mansion to attend the banquet held for them by His Royal Highness.

The venue for the banquet was the Prince's Mansion.

In the morning, some people came nearby through the bus system, while others rode horse-drawn carriages or rode animals. There was a place for carriages and horses in the Prince's Mansion, so the whole process was orderly.

In these years, a large number of foreign scholars have settled in Peiping, participated in the certification of the Technology Department, and received talent subsidies.

However, the Department of Technology stipulates that local scholars who have received Ming subsidies are restricted from going abroad. They must swear allegiance to Ming and regard themselves as Ming people. They cannot cherish the memory of their own country, let alone say that they are from a certain country.

The streets of Peiping.

Wu Mingde, a bearded man in Chinese uniform, speaks fluent Chinese, which is not surprising to the vendors.

"No no no."

"I want shredded chicken noodles."

Wu Mingde firmly pointed out that the deer was a horse, and the vendor did not hesitate and directly gave him a bowl of shredded pork noodles. Then, like other customers at the breakfast shop, Wu Mingde found a table to eat noodles.

After finishing the noodles, Wu Mingde put his hands behind his back and walked slowly in Peiping.

Wu Mingde, who has lived in the capital for many years, looked at Peiping with emotion. In the whole world, only Peiping can rival the prosperity of the capital. However, there are more workers in Peiping.

Under the rotating holiday system, there are workers wearing I-shirts in the city every day. They hold their heads up proudly, bargaining with merchants, and never tire of it.

The straight road connects to the main road, the main road connects to the auxiliary road, and the auxiliary road connects to the lane.

There is an archway in every lane.

The people in each village have their own mayors who not only maintain the daily order of the market, but also help when neighbors have trouble. For example, on a wedding day, each family will bring their own tables, chairs, and pots to the table. The bowl is sent to the owner’s house for use.

They are very careful. Even the newly moved neighbors must be interrogated and approved by the studio before they can move here. Otherwise, the neighbors will not allow others to come.

In such a semi-closed environment, people remain humble, pay attention to their own reputation, and pursue the glory of their ancestors. The children have grown up together in a group. They go to this house to play today and to that house tomorrow.

When you encounter a thief, as long as you yell, everyone in the alley will run out to catch the thief. If you encounter a child thief, you will suffer a worse outcome, and the patrolman will not come to the rescue.

The people are very arrogant. They look down on everyone, especially foreigners. They often ask if they have eaten enough. They think that except the Ming Dynasty, everyone in the world is hungry.

Three hundred paces from each square, there is a military patrol house with five soldiers, who belong to the patrol department.

The Inspection Department does not have a large yamen, and most of the patrol officers are scattered in these military training shops, so the patrol officers are often seen on the streets. They also have strict management. They must patrol the specified number in their own areas every day. of mileage.

At night, there are still patrol inspectors patrolling the area, and a brick fire watch tower has been built at a high place. There are patrol inspectors upstairs looking around.

If a fire is discovered, immediately bring the equipment such as large and small barrels, wine, hemp, ax saw, ladder, fire fork, big rope, iron cat, etc. Whenever there is a fire, Martin will rush to report it. The cavalry and infantry troops in various places, the three yamen in front of the palace, and the leading troops in the city were all annihilated, without bothering the people.

Poplar or willow trees were planted on both sides of the road, and the walls of the houses were luxuriously painted with white powder.

In the past two days, due to the arrival of His Royal Highness the Crown Prince, the excitement that was originally only experienced during festivals appeared on ordinary days.

Each store bought a lot of new wine, and reconnected with the colorful flower heads on the facade, painting the poles with drunken immortals and brocade.

The guests toasted each other until noon, and every restaurant sold out the drinks. The waiter went to the door and pulled down the wine table, telling the new guests that the restaurant had no more drinks.

The city was abuzz with music, and the residents in the inner courtyard heard the sound of music and music last night, which made Wu Mingde marvel. They were busy from day to night, as if they didn't know how tired they were.

The children in the village played all night long and made the whole street noisy. It was only a little quiet just before dawn, but as soon as dawn broke, it became lively again.

Wu Mingde has a complicated heart. Is such a life really possible in the world?

Outside the square, near the market, there will be some houses with exquisite lanterns, in which women from all over the world live, from Japan, Korea, Nanyang, and the seven western provinces.

These women are very beautiful, beautifully dressed, fragrant, and accompanied by many foreign maids.

They are good at flattering and soliciting customers, and can use various means to cater to the psychology of various tourists. In particular, as long as they praise the Ming Dynasty, they can make tourists smile and reward them generously.

As soon as tourists kiss Fangze, they will fall into a trance and let them control them, causing them to lose their souls and never want to leave. There are many tourists who indulge in the prosperous land of flowers and willows. Only when they return home will they wake up, regain their rationality, and pay attention to face.

Those places where doctors and sorcerers lived in the streets, teaching people how to read, write and many other skills.

They also have residences on the streets surrounding the square. I heard that there were ten large squares in Hangzhou in the former Song Dynasty, and there are twenty large squares in Peiping today. There must be a market in each large square, and there is a public office opposite the market. Officials appointed by the local government are responsible for resolving various disputes between foreign businessmen and local residents, and supervising whether the nearby Ding Chaos are performing their duties faithfully. If they neglect their duties, they will be severely punished.

The closer we get to Prince Yan's Mansion, the main street in the city runs directly from one end of the city to the other. There are many grand residences on both sides of this street, equipped with gardens, and nearby are the residences of craftsmen who work in their shops. There are many such craftsmen in Beiping City.

In the market, the market is crowded with merchants and customers. They load various goods in cars and boats and fill the ground. All goods can find buyers, such as pepper. No matter how much is shipped back from overseas, it can be sold out.

When people became rich, they not only bought more furniture at home, but also paid more attention to it. They asked craftsmen to carve exquisite beds, exquisite six sets, etc.

Therefore, as long as there are skilled craftsmen, even if they only stay at home, there will be no shortage of customers. They care more about their reputation, because in this way, whoever has a bad reputation is destined to have no one to come to him again.

Different from the previous Song Dynasty.

Wu Mingde had seen printed copies of Marco Polo's notes.

For example, this person recorded in Hangzhou that within Han families, men showed considerable respect for their wives without any jealousy or suspicion. If a man says something inappropriate to a married woman, he will be considered a disgraceful person.

Even if they are business travelers from other places, they will treat them wholeheartedly and invite them into their homes as a sign of friendship. They will also give them kind advice and help on business matters. On the other hand, they did not want to see any soldiers, not even the guards of their conquering Khan.

Because when they see these soldiers, the residents will think of the dead monarch and the hatred of the country.

Wu Mingde thought as he walked. If the life scenes in Peking were similar to what he described, then the only difference was that the residents of the former Song Dynasty had a peaceful temperament. Because the previous monarchs were not warlike, they were cultivated because of the custom. Quiet and leisurely folk customs.

They knew nothing about the use of weapons and never kept weapons in their homes.

They run their own industry and commerce entirely with fairness and honesty. They live in harmony with each other. The men and women living on the same street are as close as family members because of their neighborly relationship.

So what about Peiping today?

Because of the large well system and various means to improve the status of military households, the common people knew how to use weapons and envied the military households for having one hundred acres of land.

Such a Ming Dynasty is really terrible. No power in the world can defeat him, except for miracles.

Wu Mingde was shaken in his heart, and his attitude leaned towards Ming Dynasty. Ming Dynasty is the truth. After all, the great prophet also said that knowledge is in China. In other words, the great prophet actually understood long ago that China is an utopia and people should follow the Ming Dynasty.

Wu Mingde waited for the bus at the bus stop. After getting off the bus, he walked for a quarter of an hour and arrived at Prince Yan's Mansion.

There were stewards and staff at the gate of Prince Yan's Mansion, as well as soldiers to maintain order on the scene. Many people arrived at the front door of the Prince's Mansion and entered the Prince's Mansion after inspection. Wu Mingde stepped forward and was greeted enthusiastically. Wu Mingde naturally handed over the invitation. After checking the invitation and confirming that it was genuine, the steward politely invited Wu Mingde in.

The staff responsible for the carriages and livestock of the guests will move the carriages and livestock of the guests to other places as soon as possible to avoid congestion at the gate.

After entering, he followed the instructions to the Prince's Mansion.

The open space of the Prince's Mansion was laid with neat stone tiles, and a carpet was laid on the stone tiles. The table on the carpet was covered with red silk, and it was filled with fruits, snacks, and drinks.

Each square table has a table number card, and each table card corresponds to a chair. The name of the person is posted on the table card, and Wu Mingde found his seat.

"His Royal Highness is here!"

The etiquette eunuch used a voice that was not a roar, but was better than a roar, so that every guest could hear it. People immediately became quiet and looked at His Royal Highness the Crown Prince who came down the steps.

"Crash."

People applauded.

There were five to six hundred people in the venue, some dressed grandly and some simply dressed. After all, not every scholar was rich, but everyone was clean, even the shoes on their feet were spotless. Zhu Gaochi showed a gentle smile.

The invention and popularization of technology cannot be separated from the base of the non-agricultural population. The number of the non-agricultural population cannot be separated from the development of agriculture. Supporting the increase in the overall quality of the non-agricultural population cannot be separated from the prosperity of the social economy.

Social and economic prosperity is inseparable from industrial development.

A ring within a ring.

These people are the crown of Ming Dynasty.

Although the crown of Ming Dynasty is not limited to these people.

Whether it is exploitation, polarization, or equalization of wealth, any means or method can continue to develop as long as it can ensure this phenomenon. Only when the contradictions reach the point where they are irreconcilable and the contradictions cannot be resolved, If conflicts break out and this phenomenon is destroyed, greater harm will occur.

Therefore, even though the tragic era of sheep eating people and the industrial population occurred in Britain, Britain still became an empire on which the sun never sets in history, and it continued to develop until its internal contradictions could no longer be suppressed.

His Royal Highness the Prince returned to Peiping, and held the first banquet for the scholars, which undoubtedly highlighted the importance of the scholars' social status, made the scholars proud, and made more ordinary people envious.

Since they are envious, ordinary people will work hard in this direction and give birth to more scholars.

Zhu Gaochi smiled and said, "What is a scholar?"

His Highness the Crown Prince's question made everyone think deeply. They didn't know what His Highness the Crown Prince would express next, but everyone was happy because His Highness the Crown Prince valued them and what he said next would definitely be good words.

The interests are always the people's heart.

Zhu Gaochi continued: "Scholars are explorers of knowledge and pioneers of thought. They play a vital role in the process of human civilization. Through research, innovation and teaching, they promote the progress of knowledge and shape the future of society. .”

"In daily behavior, the status and value of scholars are often ignored or even despised. Therefore, I think it is crucial for our society to improve the status of scholars."

The scholars applauded one after another and were moved by His Highness the Crown Prince's recognition.

Wu Mingde also applauded vigorously.

Such a prince indeed represents the truth.

He was right.

Wu Mingde believes firmly.

After the applause stopped, Zhu Gaochi said with a smile: "First of all, we should recognize the contribution and value of scholars. Through research and teaching, scholars promote the progress of knowledge and provide a steady stream of power for social innovation and development. They Their contributions are not only in the academic field, but also in every corner of society. Therefore, we should respect the fruits of their labor, recognize their value, and make them feel that their efforts have been duly rewarded."

"Secondly, we should improve the social status of scholars. Although the value and contribution of scholars cannot be ignored, often in real life, their social status is not high. We should improve the social status of scholars through various channels, Let them get more respect and recognition in society. For example, we can provide better working environment and treatment for scholars by formulating relevant policies and encourage more people to devote themselves to academic careers."

"Finally, we should create a social atmosphere that respects academics and scholars. Only in a society that respects academics and scholars can scholars fully develop their potential and make greater contributions to society. Therefore, we should Promote this spirit of respect so that more people understand the importance of academics and the value of scholars, thereby forming a good social atmosphere."

"In short, improving the status of scholars is an important responsibility of our society. We should start from recognizing the value of scholars, improving their social status and creating a social atmosphere that respects academics, so that scholars can get the respect and due respect they deserve. recognition, thereby making greater contributions to the progress and development of society.”

Respecting scholars is the consensus of society.

But this was not the case in the early days, not because of political reasons, but because knowledge could not be popularized.

As Western scholars have said, China calculated the decimal point of π to a very precise level very early, but such a great mathematical achievement did not bring any help to the technology of the time.

Therefore, although ancient China invented a lot of knowledge, the technology that cannot be popularized and popularized is like garbage.

Then in the hereafter.

As a domestic scholar said, the West has indeed invented many technologies, but those technologies have not been popularized in the West. Instead, they have been widely popularized and used in China. Just like the second industrial revolution, the technologies born in Britain ended up being used in other countries. Its use and popularity exceeded the development in Britain.

Invention is important, but popularization and application are even more important.

When the direct ratio between R&D capabilities and knowledge is not up to standard, craftsmen are the main inventors. This is the case in both the UK and China.

However, after industrialization began, with the current development speed of the Ming Dynasty, if you want to break through the upper limit of productivity, the position of scholars becomes more and more critical.

Contradictory without being contradictory.

Why did Zhu Gaochi establish four major Imperial Colleges instead of fewer Imperial Colleges or more Imperial Colleges? In addition to the concentration of talents, there were also reasons for decentralizing the circles and preventing the circles from being too dispersed.

The four major Imperial Colleges cultivated academic circles and formed a good circulation system, which not only gave scholars more motivation, but also allowed them to maintain rules and order.

People who are just pretending to be fake cannot survive because there is no room for them in the academic circle.

Just like when an industry was just emerging, those who were new to the industry made a lot of money, but because of the existence of the circle, everyone maintained a certain degree of rules. However, when the size increased, the circle was broken, and there was no order anymore. In pursuit of greater interests, many illegal things occurred and began to develop in a bad direction.

It is also like the current Ming Dynasty Industrial Bureau, which maintains competition but avoids excessive competition and works together to regulate and allocate social resources. Otherwise, disorderly competition will always bring destruction, which is acceptable externally but not internally.

Scholars prepared many gifts for His Royal Highness and presented him with a copy of "The Equation of Crossing the Sea".

There were many technical books in ancient China, most of which are not included in historical materials, such as "Equations of Crossing the Sea", which was later stored in the Bodleian Library of Oxford University in the UK.

It is an untitled, untitled, and unauthored waterway book that records hydrological records from the Yalu River to the Western Ocean, including the Yellow Sea, the East China Sea, the South China Sea, the Bay of Bengal, and the Arabian Sea.

According to the speculations of scholars, this book was written during the Yongle period of the Ming Dynasty. Zhu Gaochi did not know whether this book was written by current scholars themselves, or whether it appeared in the same context as in history.

Zhu Gaochi didn't know why such a book appeared in the library of a British university, because no one else explained it, but what is certain is that it was not obtained during the Qing Dynasty. It was probably brought home by Western missionaries at the end of the Ming Dynasty.

There are many such books, and many of them have survived. I believe the proportion of those that have flowed into the hands of Western private individuals will be even more alarming, and most of these books have not survived.

Therefore, the knowledge of the world communicates with each other and affects each other.

Zhu Gaochi also met Wu Mingde.

In the second year of Hongwu's reign in the Ming Dynasty, Madrudin came to China with his three sons. He was later recommended to the imperial court, and presented a calendar to the imperial court. Chinese astronomer Wu Ru.

It's just that Wu Ru is not as famous as Madrudin. Wu Mingde is Wu Ru's grandson and is recorded in their own "Wu Family Genealogy".

The Huihui Qintian Prison in the capital was established by Zhu Yuanzhang, and was disbanded very early in history by Zhu Yuanzhang, so after the dissolution, they came to Peiping because Peking has a better research environment.

However, Ms. Ma Pengying returned to the capital, and Ms. Ma Pengying achieved great results. With her own solar theory, she became the first person in astronomy at the moment.

Finally, Zhu Gaochi proposed natural science and its methodology.

"I believe that all branches of knowledge should adopt scientific principles and base theory on observation, that is, empirical theory."

The theories Zhu Gaochi put aside, along with his explanations, made the scholars ponder.

Some ordinary people in later generations have a view. Based on the achievements of the West in later generations, they conclude that the West has had scientific principles since ancient times and was the greatest civilization as early as BC. Therefore, science is inevitable in the West and other civilizations cannot. Birth.

In fact, natural science and its methodology were born in the mid-[-]th century.

It was the German Auguste Comte who proposed this theory of natural science. The core point of Comte's "positivist" philosophy is that any valid knowledge can only come from empirical and scientific inquiry.

Why could he bring it up?
  Because he has witnessed the transformative power of science: scientific discoveries lead to technological progress, which in turn led to the industrial revolution and created the modern world in which he lived. In short, a summary of industrial society begins.

So now, the Ming Dynasty not only replicated the technological level and civilizational achievements of the Song Dynasty, but also entered the industrial society. The scientific principles proposed by Zhu Gaochi have been recognized by many scholars.

Facts are facts.

As a result, natural science theories became popular in the Ming Dynasty. Some people even suggested that Shang Gao was the inventor of natural science. The "Zhou Bi Suan Jing" proves that Chinese natural science and philosophy have been inseparable since ancient times.

Shang Gao discovered the Pythagorean Theorem in 1000 BC and was the founder of natural science.

And His Royal Highness the Crown Prince is the initiator.

Zhu Gaochi, who had already arrived in Liaodong, did not expect the scholars to be so fast. When he saw the article in the New Technology Newspaper, his expression was a little complicated, and he was really beyond words.

The behavior of paying tribute to ancestors is the same for everyone.

It's just that China has one thing that's bad about it. The development of civilization has led to too detailed records and a large number of physical objects. It's really impossible to tell how many millions of words Shang Gao's "Zhou Bi Suan Jing" contains, which is an encyclopedia of all aspects of knowledge. .

The people of Ming Dynasty can still distinguish between mythological stories and historical materials.

(End of this chapter)