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Chapter 79 A Murder Case

""Washing Injustice Collection" is the first forensic monograph in my country, and also the first systematic judicial inspection book in the world. As soon as it came out, it received great attention from the imperial court, and ordered it to be published nationwide, becoming a must-have for forensic officials. The book of preparation."

"As early as the early Ming Dynasty, it was first introduced to North Korea, and it has been the standard work in the field of forensic examination in North Korea for more than three hundred years."

“In the 33rd year of Emperor Kangxi’s reign in the Qing Dynasty, the National Law and Regulations Office organized manpower to revise the Collection of Cleansing of Wrongs, and researched dozens of ancient books. The final version was the Record of Cleansing of Wrongs corrected by the Office of Laws and Regulations, which was promulgated throughout the country.”

[After the Opium War, it was translated and introduced to the Netherlands, Germany, France, Britain and other countries by Western scholars. In the 20s, the book "History of Forensic Medicine and Forensic Examination" written by Professor Chilifakov of the Soviet Union had Song Ci's portrait engraved on the front of the volume, revering him as the "founder of forensic medicine." ] (This paragraph is not included in this article, it is for readers to see.)
Zhu Yuanzhang: I read this book as a storybook, it is really well written.It also reflects that there were many corrupt officials and unjust cases in the Southern Song Dynasty.

Zhu Di: What is written in this book is what happened in the Southern Song Dynasty. It is simply horrible. If you don’t know history, how can you know that what is written in such a horrible and cruel book is what really happened.

Cheng Yaojin: I want to read everything I said.

"The content of "The Collection of Clearing Wrongs" includes the importance of forensic examination and its specific steps, the identification of difficult casualties, the analysis of true and false injuries, etc."

"This "Winning Injustice Collection" involves corpse identification, corpse changes in four seasons, murder, suicide, burning, drowning, poisoning, rope hanging, stick death, falling to death, ox and horse trampling to death, four turns to death, and eating and drinking Death, internal injury and other forensic knowledge, as well as pathology, pharmacology, anatomy, first aid, gynecology, pediatrics and other medical knowledge."

"And also made many contributions to toxicology. The book records the symptoms of poisoning by various poisons, and points out that the poisoned person "should vomit evil things, or diarrhea black blood, swollen valley or large intestine piercing out before death". The eyes are often open, the face is dark purple or blue, the lips are purple and black, the nails of the hands and feet are dark blue, and there is blood between the mouth, eyes, ears and nose. "There are many practical detoxification prescriptions and first aid methods in the book."

Guantao: I can’t even eat this meal, it’s too cruel.

Shangguan Wan'er: These understandings all happened in the cases that I have encountered and accepted. This Song Dynasty is really indescribable.

A book that speaks with facts, how detailed it is, also represents how chaotic the Song Dynasty was at that time.

"In the "Winning Injustice Collection", I have to admit that although some testing methods belong to the empirical category, they are consistent with later science, which is amazing."

"For example, using a bright oil umbrella to examine the wounds on the bones, this is a column."

"Put a red umbrella over the bones for examination. If there is a beaten part on the bone, there will be a red path, a slight shade, and a broken bone. The two ends of the extension will have a bloody color. If you look at the bone with traces in the sun, it will be red. It was clearly marked before death. If there is no blood on the bone, even if there is damage, it is the mark after death." The inspection of bone damage in this way is the same as the modern use of ultraviolet radiation, which uses the principle of optics."

"It's just that Song Ci was limited to the level of science and technology at that time and was in a state of unconsciousness. He knew it but didn't know why. Bones are opaque objects that selectively reflect sunlight. When light passes through a clear oil umbrella or a new oil silk umbrella, At this time, part of the light that affects observation is absorbed, so the scars are easy to see.”

"And this is just one list. There are many methods similar to the current method. It can be seen that Song Ci's understanding of forensic medicine, cases, and investigations is really wide-ranging, and future generations admire him."

After the words were spoken, Zhang Yanxi did not distribute rewards, but showed everyone a video.

While Song Ci was flipping through the scrolls, one day, he saw a suicide case in a closed case. The deceased was a farmer. "

"Song Ci felt that there were very few cases of peasants committing suicide, and that they had to die as a last resort. Moreover, there was no detailed reason for suicide in the case file, so he decided to retry the case not long after it happened. .”

"In the video, I saw Song Ci call the people in the yamen to the farmer's village, ask some questions, discuss with the family members, and prepare to open the coffin for an autopsy."

"When the coffin was opened and the body was examined, it was found that the wound on the deceased's abdomen was light when the knife was inserted and heavy when it was withdrawn. He also asked the suspect about his actions at the time. After the incident, the knife was in the deceased's hand, but he was not holding it tightly. He felt even more suspicious. Among them There are bound to be twists and turns.”

"So he visited the neighbors, relatives and friends of the deceased. Some of them could not withstand the pressure, or were too afraid of being officials, and spoke incorrectly. Song Ci felt that there was something wrong, and under the investigation of the majestic government personnel, he finally found out The truth about the injustice was revealed in a murder case of raping women and killing innocent people.

It turned out that there was an official named Wu Liang in the local area, who bullied others, pretended to be powerful, and was sheltered by his father who was the secretary of the household department. The offenders are getting away with it, and the people have long complained.

One day, Wu Liang saw a beautiful young woman and wanted to get involved with her. He found out that she was the new wife of a farmer. The housekeeper who helped the evildoers came up with a plan to kill the farmer secretly, pretend to commit suicide and abduct the bride.

He also took out a sum of money to clear the joints at the Yamen, and a murder case was hastily settled.

Not only did Wu Liang get away with it, he also enjoyed all the happiness.However, Song Ci rearranged the case, arrested Wu Liang and Guan Jia, and sentenced them to death. The farmers' grievances were finally redressed, winning praise from the local people and causing a sensation.

After watching this video, everyone agreed.

People of a certain dynasty: Good!This is the official we want, who can make decisions for the people.

Common people of the Sui Dynasty: I want to report that the county magistrate is trying to protect his son from misbehaving. People have to pay a lot of copper coins to enter the city, and all the sellers, including the people who open shops, have to pay a sum of money to the county magistrate every day. The young master, whose name is "protection money", my whole family relies on a grocery store to earn some food. Now that I open a store, all the money I earn every day goes to the young master, and I can't even eat enough.

Common people of the Sui Dynasty: I know this person. A few days ago, he robbed a civilian daughter. Ordinary people originally lived with their grandfather and grandson, so they went to the streets to sell wild vegetables. The granddaughter was robbed, and the old man was beaten to death.

People of the Eastern Han Dynasty: Sir, help me!Save us common people, the magistrates treat us as human beings and tax us by [-]%. We want to live in other places, but they don’t give us a guide. This is trying to force us to death!
(End of this chapter)