Live broadcast of the death of Qin II to Qin Shihuang at the beginning

Chapter 29
["Historical Records: The Chronicles of the First Emperor of Qin" records: "I asked the historians not to be Qin Ji, but to burn them. If there is anyone who dares to collect poems, books, or hundreds of languages ​​​​in the world who is not a doctor, I will burn them." Those who dare to utter poems and books abandon the market. Those who think that the past is not the present. Those who do not move after the officials see it are guilty of the same crime. They are ordered not to burn for thirty days, and they are tattooed as City Dan. Those who do not move are given medicine, divination and tree planting books. If you want to learn the law, take officials as your teachers."

From this we can see that there are three main types of books burned: the history books recorded by non-Qin historians, Confucian "Shangshu", "Book of Songs" and Baijiayu.But there is an attributive in front: "not a doctoral officer".

Therefore, some people will understand that, except for the "Shangshu" and "Book of Songs" that can be kept in the hands of doctoral officers, those two books in the hands of other people must be burned.It's not that poetry and books are completely lost, but that some folks are not allowed to keep these books privately. 】

[Of course, there are scholars in modern times who hold the opposite opinion. They think that what Sima Qian wrote in Shiji is an inverted sentence, and the correct word order should be: "Those who dare to have Tibetan poems, books, and a hundred languages ​​in the world, Xi Yishou, Wei Zashao In short, it is not a post of a doctoral officer."

They think this sentence means that poems and books are not under the control of doctorate officials, so there is no saying that official books should not be burned.

However, the doctoral officers of the Qin Dynasty were in charge of the country's ancient and modern historical events as well as books and regulations, so the second argument does not stand up to scrutiny.

We now know what books were burned, but why were these books burned?And why do you prefer these kinds of books? 】

After hearing this, Chunyu was more pleased, and he almost wanted to explain the reason for Tianmu.What else could it be?Isn't it because Li Si has no talent or virtue to mislead His Majesty?

Li Si, you boy, finally lost in my hands.

[The reasons are mainly from two aspects. One is because those in private schools among the people commit suicide, and the other is because Chunyu Yue's thoughts cannot keep up with the advancing times. 】

Chunyu Yue:? ? ?

Didn't Tianmu say that Li Si had ulterior motives?Didn't it mean that burning books and burying Confucianism will leave a bad reputation forever?How can it be said that his thoughts have not kept up with the times?
Chunyu Yue found it difficult to accept it for a while, but soon he found an excuse for himself.

The sky must be rising before it falls!
So what if his thinking is backward?Anyway, Li Si's idea of ​​burning books is as bad as it gets.

Although I don't know what's going on with Confucianism, but let His Majesty know that it is wrong to suppress Confucianism, and the status of Confucianism will be mentioned in the future.

[The first is that those in private schools collude with each other in private. They oppose the country's system and the country's orders.Even as soon as the emperor issued an edict, those private students swarmed in like flies seeing a ball of dung, trying to use the history books they had learned to distort and oppose the decree.What's even more abominable is that they did one thing in front of their faces and another behind their backs. They were loyal ministers above the court. Once they left the court and entered the market, they became propagandists of opposing views and smeared the image of the Qin Dynasty. .

Isn't this inappropriate reactionary?Such behavior and remarks are not allowed in any dynasty or generation. If the First Emperor doesn't do it, who will you? !

I don't believe it anymore, if the former monarchs of the six countries encountered such a thing, they could just sit back and watch it with big hearts?Or even more outrageous, to treat each other with courtesy?
From this perspective, book burning is an ideological movement.

Another relatively powerful pusher is the debate between Li Si and Chun Yuyue about whether they are masters of the past or the present.Chun Yuyue is a traditional Confucian. He believes that the ancients should be respected and the system of enfeoffment should be implemented. Otherwise, even if the system of prefectures and counties is implemented, the country will not be able to last long.

Chun Yuyue was more straightforward when he spoke, but how could any leader like to directly criticize himself and openly oppose his own policies?
On the contrary, Li Si was more experienced. The first emperor liked to slander, so he came to slander, coaxing the leaders into obedience, and finally agreed to his proposal.

Worker Xiao Li once again succeeded in his office struggle. 】

Hearing this, Chunyu Yue scorned Li Si even more.If he is not favored by His Majesty because he cannot flatter you, then he is not worthy of the official position!
[Jokes are jokes, in fact, when Li Si refuted, he was also well-founded and very convincing.He said: "Taking the ancient will harm the present. If we blindly follow the ancient system, it will truly disturb the people's hearts and destroy the country. At that time, the power in the hands of the monarch will become smaller and smaller, and the power of the ministers to form cliques and pursue private interests will become greater and greater. , At that time, it will become the next Zhou Dynasty, and the world will become a chaotic situation again."

Therefore, in order to prevent discord among the people, Li Si proposed to Qin Shihuang the suggestion of burning books, and the first emperor also adopted them.Since then, the infamy of burning books has spread.

Since then, the Qin Dynasty has adopted an education mechanism that uses officials as teachers, sending officials to explain the law to the people, and no one can privately discuss Confucian poems and books.

In fact, the first emperor's starting point was good, but the means were still a bit extreme. The "order to carry the book" greatly restricted people's thinking.Not conducive to the prosperity and development of culture. 】

[From our perspective today, both Confucianism and Legalism have their advantages and limitations, and no matter which side they lean towards, it is not conducive to the development of the country.The two should be combined. In short, it is "Ideology, Morality and Legal Cultivation".The law is the minimum standard of personal behavior, but it should not be the only standard.Morality is an individual's internal norms, but it cannot replace the coercive role of law. 】

(Barrage:) "Ah? How did Chunyu Yue manage to be so confident? The lessons learned from the Zhou Dynasty are clearly there. How did he say that the system of prefectures and counties will destroy the country?"

"There must be some God's perspective upstairs. Chunyu Yue is from Shandong, and he can be regarded as a typical Confucian scholar. Confucianism emphasizes respecting the ancients, restraining oneself and restoring propriety. It can only be said that his thoughts are in line with Confucianism, but they are not in line with society at that time.”

"Han Gaozu": "Who dares to oppose the system of prefectures and counties?!"

In 214 BC, in Xianyang Palace.

The First Emperor hastily summoned all the doctoral officers, and even Li Si, who had just left, turned back at this time.

Tianmu spoke about major events related to the survival and prosperity of the country, and these people hurriedly used pen and ink to record what Tianmu said stroke by stroke.

The first emperor still thought that Confucianism was a theory that disturbed people's hearts, and he didn't understand its charm.

But since it was mentioned in the sky screen, he had to pay attention to it.

It seems that Fusu must be recalled as soon as possible.

This guy has always admired Confucianism, I wonder what he would think about this.

The confusion in the calm of the moment did not in the slightest affect the debate at the court feast in 213 BC.

Chunyu Yue seemed to have been hit by Tianmu now, he couldn't believe that his strategy was not approved by Tianmu!
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(End of this chapter)