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Murong Ke, whose courtesy name was Xuan Gong, was a Xianbei. He was the fourth son of Murong Huang, the Wenming Emperor of the Former Yan. His mother, Gao, was not favored.

He has been cautious, serious, deep and generous since childhood.

When he was only fifteen years old, he was already eight feet seven inches tall, handsome and strong.

Whenever Murong Ke discussed an event, he was knowledgeable, well-planned, and able to speak the truth about the world.

Therefore, he was valued by his father, who taught him the art of war and allowed him to follow him into battle.

Murong Ke followed Murong Huang in battle and often came up with ingenious strategies on the battlefield.

"In March of the fourth year of Emperor Cheng of Jin, Murong Huang sent troops to attack the cities north of Lingzhi, and defeated the army of Duan Liao, the leader of the Xianbei Duan tribe, and seized a large number of people's livestock."

"In May of the same year, Shi Hu, the emperor of Later Zhao, led his army to attack Murong Huang, the former prince of Yan, on the grounds that Murong Huang had not joined forces with the army of Later Zhao, had attacked Duan Liao without authorization, and had seized the captured people and livestock."

"The Former Yan army was besieged by the Later Zhao army in Daji City. The two sides fought for more than ten days. The Later Zhao was unable to conquer it and temporarily retreated."

"According to his father's order, Murong Ke led 2,000 cavalrymen to pursue the Later Zhao army, defeating them severely and capturing more than 30,000 heads."

"In December of that year, Duan Liao sent an envoy to Former Yan to request surrender. Murong Ke followed his father to welcome Duan Liao, and the two sides conspired to set up an ambush to attack the army of Later Zhao."

"Murong Ke was ordered to lead 7,000 elite soldiers to ambush in Miyun Mountain, because Duan Liao had surrendered to the Later Zhao, but then changed his mind and surrendered to the Former Yan, and conspired with the other side to ambush the Later Zhao army."

"So Shi Hu, who was unaware of the situation at the time, sent General Ma Qiu and Sima Yangyu to lead 3 troops to accept Duan Liao's surrender. Sanzang told them about Murong Ke's ambush, and to percent of the troops were killed or wounded."

"Murong Ke captured Sima Yangyu, and Ma Qiu escaped."

"In the winter of the fifth year of Emperor Cheng of Jin, Murong Huang attacked Goguryeo. When his army reached Xincheng, Goguryeo's king Zhao surrendered. The Former Yan army retreated, and Murong Ke and his brother Murong Ba were sent to attack another branch of the Yuwen clan."

"In the tenth month of the winter of the seventh year of the Xiankang reign, Murong Ke was appointed General Du Liao and stationed in Pingguo."

"At this time, after the general Murong Han of the Former Yan fled and Murong Ren was killed, other generals were unable to replace them to guard Liaodong."

"Until Murong Ke took office, he arrived in Pingguo to appease the old people, adopted a conciliatory policy towards the newly surrendered people, and repeatedly defeated the army of Goguryeo, making them afraid and afraid to attack."

"A few years later, Murong Ke, on his father's orders, led his troops to attack Goguryeo. He successfully conquered Nansu, set up a garrison there, and then returned to Former Yan."

"In the second year of Emperor Chengdi's Jianyuan reign, Murong Huang personally led an expedition against Yuwen Yidugui, the leader of the Yuwen tribe of the Xianbei."

"Murong Ke was ordered to divide his troops into three groups with Murong Ba, Murong Jun, and General Zhechong Muyugen. Under the command of General Vanguard Murong Han, they attacked the Yuwen army, and the Former Yan army won a great victory."

"The Yuwen clan's capital, Zimengchuan, was captured, and Yuwen Yidugui fled and died in Mobei. The Yuwen clan was destroyed."

"In the first month of the second year of Emperor Cheng of Jin, Murong Ke, his son Murong Jun, and two generals, Murong Jun and Murong Gen, led 17,000 cavalrymen to attack the Kingdom of Buyeo."

"All military battles were commanded by Murong Ke. He led his army to successfully capture Buyeo, captured Buyeo King Xuan and more than 50,000 tribal people and returned to Former Yan."

"In the eighth month of the autumn of the fourth year of Emperor Mu of Jin's Yonghe reign, the Former Yan King Murong Huang was seriously ill. He summoned the Crown Prince Murong Jun and left a will."

"Murong Ke is both intelligent and brave, and has outstanding talents. Murong Jun must entrust him with important tasks and rely on Murong Ke to realize his ambition of ruling the Central Plains."

"The next month, Murong Huang passed away."

"In May of the following year, taking advantage of the internal strife among the Shi clan of Later Zhao, Murong Jun listened to the advice of his advisers and attacked the Shi clan."

"Murong Ke was appointed as the General of Assisting the Nation, and together with the General of Assisting the Court, Murong Ping, and the General of Assisting the Righteous, the Left Chief Clerk, Yang Wu, they trained the army and entered the stage of preparing for war."

Li Bai: In the first month of spring in the sixth year of Emperor Mu of Jin's Yonghe reign, Shi Min, the great general of the Later Zhao, rebelled, proclaimed himself king, and established the State of Wei.

Afterwards he restored his surname Ran, so the regime he established was known in history as Ran Wei.

In February of the same year, Former Yan sent troops to attack Later Zhao. Murong Ke served as the vanguard and the army won all the way and successfully captured Jicheng and other places.

In August of the seventh year of Yonghe reign of Emperor Mu of Jin, Murong Ke was ordered to attack Zhongshan. Hou Kan, a native of Shanggu and the governor of Zhongshan of Wei, held the city firmly.

Murong Ke led his army to station at Jiumen, and Li Qi, a native of Liaoxi and the governor of Zhao County in Wei State, led the entire county to surrender.

Murong Ke treated him generously and ordered him to lead troops to besiege Zhongshan. Upon seeing this, Hou Kan surrendered, and Murong Ke successfully captured Zhongshan.

In March of the following year, Ran Min conquered Xiangguo and cruised in Changshan, Zhongshan and other places.

In April, Murong Ke was ordered to attack Ran Wei, and Ran Min went to fight against Former Yan. His general Dong Run and general Zhang Wen tried to persuade him but to no avail.

Ran Min led his army to station in Anxi, and Murong Ke followed closely with his troops. The two sides fought ten times at Liantai in Weichang County, and Murong Ke's army was defeated every time.

The Former Yan army was afraid of Ran Min's bravery and the soldiers he led. Murong Ke encouraged the soldiers, saying that Ran Min was brave but not wise, and his troops were hungry and tired, so the Former Yan army would definitely win.

Considering that the troops he led were all infantry and the Former Yan army was composed of cavalry, Ran Min led his troops to the jungle and changed the place of battle.

Murong Ke adopted the suggestion of military officer Gao Kai and sent light cavalry to intercept the Ran Wei army. During the battle, he pretended to be defeated and lured the enemy to a flat area.

He divided his troops into three groups and set up an ambush on the plain in advance. Ran Min fell into the trap and was besieged. The Ran Wei army was defeated.

Ran Min was captured alive while fleeing, and Murong Ke returned to Changshan, and was later ordered by Murong Jun to guard Zhongshan.

In July of the eighth year of Yonghe, Wang Wu, the general of Ran Wei who was guarding Lukou, heard that Ran Wei was defeated, so he proclaimed himself King of An, and Ran Cao, the son of Ran Min, defected to him.

In August, Murong Ke was ordered to attack Wang Wu together with Taiwei Feng Yi and Shangshu Ling Yang Wu.

Wang Wu defended the city and handed over Ran Cao to the army of Former Yan. Murong Ke led his troops to cut down and plunder all the crops outside Lukou City and then led his troops back.

In October of that winter, Murong Ke was stationed in Anping, storing food and preparing for war, ready to attack Wang Wu again.

Soon, Su Lin from Zhongshan raised an army in Wuji and proclaimed himself emperor.

Murong Ke first led his army to attack Su Lin. Later, with the assistance of General Guangwei Murong Gen, Murong Ke successfully killed Su Lin.

At this time, Wang Wu had been killed by his general Qin Xing, who was then killed by Lu Hu, who proclaimed himself King of An.

In May of the ninth year of Yonghe, Murong Ke was ordered to attack Li Du, the former Weiwei of Later Zhao who rebelled against Former Yan. After Li Du surrendered, Murong Ke went east to Lukou to attack Lu Hu.

In February of the following year, Murong Ke led his troops to besiege Lukou and successfully captured it in one month. Lü Hu fled to Yewang and sent his brother to present a letter of apology to Former Yan. Former Yan appointed Lü Hu as the prefect of Henei.

Soon, Murong Ke was awarded the titles of Grand Marshal, Palace Attendant, Grand Commander, and Recorder of the Secretariat for his merits, and was also named King of Taiyuan.

In the 11th year of Yonghe reign of Emperor Mu of Jin Dynasty, Former Yan successively conquered and destroyed the forces of Shi and Ran Wei, expanded its territory, and established a regime spanning four states, You, Ji, Bing and Ping. Murong Jun broke away from Eastern Jin Dynasty and proclaimed himself emperor.

General Duan Kan, the Zhenbei General, was dissatisfied with this and wrote a letter to Murong Jun accusing him of being inappropriate to claim the throne.

In November, Murong Ke was appointed as the Grand Commander and General of the Fu Army, and led his army to attack Duan Kan. Duan Kan had a strong army, so Murong Jun told Murong Ke that if he could not capture Duan Kan, he could just capture Lü Hu and then return.

Murong Ke sent light troops to the riverside first to prepare boats for crossing the river so as to observe Duan Kan's movements.

Duan Kan's younger brother Duan Pi believed that Murong Ke was good at commanding troops, and tried to dissuade Duan Kan to no avail, so he was killed.

"In the first month of the following spring, Murong Ke led his troops across the Ji River. Duan Kan led 30,000 soldiers to fight, but was defeated at Zishui. The soldiers were either killed or surrendered. Duan Kan fled back to Guanggu City to defend it, while Murong Ke led his army to defend Guanggu."

"All the cities under Duan Kan's jurisdiction were recruited and pacified by Murong Ke. Wang Teng, the governor of Xuzhou under Duan Kan, led his people to surrender, and Murong Ke ordered him to continue to guard Yangdu with his original official position."

"After Duan Kan was surrounded, Murong Ke's generals requested an immediate attack. Murong Ke said that a hasty attack might quickly take down Duan Kan, but the casualties of their own soldiers would be great. It would be better to take it slowly and eventually capture the city."

"Duan Kan defended the city, and all external traffic was cut off by the Former Yan army. Food was so scarce in the city that people were cannibalizing each other."

"He led all his troops in a desperate fight, but was defeated by Murong Ke. Only he escaped, and the rest of the soldiers were wiped out."

"The soldiers in the city lost their fighting spirit. In November of the same year, Duan Kan tied his hands and surrendered."

"Murong Ke successfully pacified Qi and relocated more than 3,000 households of Xianbei, Hu, and Jie people to Jicheng."

"In the winter of the second year of Emperor Mu of Jin's Shengping reign, Zhuge You, the governor of Mount Tai, attacked the Dongjun of the Former Yan. Murong Ke was ordered to lead his troops to resist and defeated Zhuge You, who fled to Mount Tai."

"Murong Ke took advantage of the situation and crossed the Yellow River, occupied Henan, and set up official historians in various places."

"After that, the territory of the Former Yan expanded to the south of the Yellow River, posing a threat to the Eastern Jin Dynasty."

"In December of the following year, Murong Jun became seriously ill, so he summoned Murong Ke to be his son, entrusted him with the entire country."

"Murong Ke originally declined, but when he saw Murong Jun was angry, he agreed to take on the heavy responsibility and assist the young master."

"In the first month of the fourth year of Emperor Mu of Jin, Murong Jun reviewed his troops in Yecheng, preparing to launch a massive attack on Qin and Jin."

"Suddenly his condition worsened, so he summoned Murong Ke, Murong Wu, Murong Ping and Murong Gen to accept the will and assist in governing the country."

"Then he died of illness, and the crown prince Murong Wei succeeded to the throne, issued a general amnesty, and changed the reign to Jianxi."

"After Murong Wei ascended the throne, Murong Ke was named Grand Chancellor and was in charge of the government."

"Mu Yugen, who was the Grand Tutor at the time, was not convinced by Murong Ke and behaved arrogantly. He wanted to cause chaos, so he advised Murong Ke to depose the young emperor and ascend the throne himself."

"Murong Ke sternly refused. He told the matter to Wu Wang Murong Chui, who advised him to kill Mu Yugen because he was worried about the instability of the government after the death of the previous emperor. Murong Ke did not listen."

"Mu Yugen also made false accusations to the Queen Mother Kezuhun and Murong Wei, saying that Murong Ke and Grand Tutor Murong Ping had bad intentions. Murong Wei did not believe what he said."

"After Murong Ke learned of this, he secretly reported Mu Yugen's crimes to the emperor and ordered the Right Guard General Fu Yan to execute Mu Yugen along with his wives, concubines, children, and accomplices."

"The palace was shaken by this, and people were uneasy. However, Murong Ke behaved as usual. Seeing this, people gradually calmed down."

"Although Murong Ke held the overall power of the Former Yan, he strictly abided by the etiquette and law system. He consulted with the Minister of the Interior Murong Ping on every matter and never acted arbitrarily."

"He appointed talented people and granted them official positions; he never publicly criticized officials who made mistakes, but simply transferred them to other positions."

"The ministers were touched by Murong Ke's kindness and seldom made mistakes."

Su Shi: The Eastern Jin Dynasty had heard that the former Yan ruler Murong Jun had passed away and intended to recover the Central Plains. However, the minister Huan Wen advised that Murong Ke was still alive and there was great concern.

Murong Ke ordered Murong Chui to be the envoy with imperial seal and garrison Litai, and ordered Fu Yan and Sun Xi to lead two cavalry armies to patrol the Huai River in the south. Finally, the situation in the territory of Former Yan gradually stabilized and people's hearts were at peace.

In February of the second year of Jianxi in the Former Yan Dynasty, Lu Hu, the prefect of Henei in the Former Yan Dynasty, was stationed in Yewang. He secretly sent envoys to surrender to the Eastern Jin Dynasty and was named the governor of Jizhou by the Eastern Jin Dynasty.

Lu Hu planned to lead the Eastern Jin army to attack the Yan capital Yecheng.

In March, Murong Ke led an army of 50,000, and General Huangfu Zhen led an army of 10,000 to attack Lü Hu.

Lü Hu held the city firmly. Murong Ke thought he was shrewd and cunning, so he rejected his generals' proposal for a quick attack. Instead, he built deep trenches and high ramparts outside Yewang City and laid siege to the city.

Murong Ke led his army to besiege Yewang City for several months. Lü Hu was out of food and the situation was critical, so he sent his general Zhang Xing out of the city to fight. Zhang Xing was defeated and killed.

That night, Lu Hu tried to break out at night, but was intercepted by the Former Yan general Huangfu Zhen who was well prepared, and suffered heavy casualties.

Murong Ke led his army to capture Yewang, and Lu Hu fled to Xingyang alone.

In August of the fifth year of Jianxi, Murong Ke intended to capture Luoyang. He first sent people to recruit scholars and civilians, and all the small cities near and far submitted to him.

Murong Ke ordered Sima Yuexi and Yuzhou Governor Sun Xing to be stationed in Mengjin and Chenggao respectively.

In February of the following year, Murong Ke joined forces with King of Wu Murong Chui to attack Luoyang. They successfully captured Luoyang in one month and captured General Yangwu Shen Jin.

Murong Ke valued talent and originally planned to let Shen Jin go. However, the General of the Central Army, Mu Yuqian, wrote to him, saying that Shen Jin could not be used by him and would ultimately be a serious threat, so he killed him.

After Luoyang was captured, Murong Ke also captured Mount Xiao and Mianchi, which frightened Guanzhong.

The Former Qin King Fu Jian personally led his troops to station in Shancheng to guard against Murong Ke. Soon, Murong Ke led his troops to withdraw to Yecheng.

In March of the seventh year of Jianxi, Murong Ke and Taifu Murong Ping jointly requested to return power, but Murong Wei, the ruler of Former Yan, did not agree.

In the summer of April in the eighth year of Jianxi, Murong Ke recommended Murong Chui to Murong Wei and asked him to entrust Murong Chui with important tasks.

At the same time, considering that Murong Wei was young and Murong Ping was suspicious, Murong Ke recommended Murong Chui to Murong Wei's brother, Murong Zang, the Prince of Le'an.

In May, Murong Ke was seriously ill. Murong Wei went to visit him and asked about his funeral arrangements.

Murong Ke still recommended Murong Chui, saying that he was a man of both civil and military talents, and that he could be entrusted with the important affairs of the Former Yan and ensure its stability.

Otherwise, it would be impossible to deal with the Qin and Jin dynasties. After saying this, Murong Ke died and was posthumously named King Huan.

Later, the Former Yan was destroyed by the Former Qin, and Wang Meng of the Former Qin set up Tailao to commemorate Murong Ke.

The Emperor of Later Yan, Murong Sheng, ordered the Secretariat to write "Song of Yan" to praise Murong Ke's great achievements.

During the Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms Rebellion, countless people in the Central Plains were killed and injured, and those rapidly rising countries also quickly went to destruction.

Only Murong Ke had a heart that cared about the people and thus saved his own clan.

Because of Murong Ke, the Murong family was revived after its demise.

When he led his army to attack Duankan, Murong Ke showed sympathy to his soldiers and refused to attack hastily. He spoke compassionate words. Murong Ke was a well-known and outstanding figure among the foreign races. (End of this chapter)