The videos I watched became popular in ancient times

In the fourth year of Guanghe, Zhuge Liang was born in Langya.

He lost his father at an early age and lived with his uncle Zhuge Xuan.

Zhuge Xuan went to Yuzhang to surrender to Yuan Shu and served as the prefect of Yuzhang. Zhuge Liang and his brothers also followed him.

Later, Zhuge Xuan's official position was replaced by Zhu Hao, and Zhuge Xuan took Zhuge Liang and others to Jingzhou to seek refuge with Liu Biao, the then governor of Jingzhou.

During his stay in Jingzhou, Zhuge Liang traveled around to study with Shi Guangyuan and Xu Yuanzhi from Yingchuan and Meng Gongwei from Runan.

Zhuge Liang often hugged his knees and howled. He said that Shi Guangyuan, Xu Yuanzhi and Meng Gongwei could become provincial governors and county magistrates, while he himself could become a person like Guan Zhong and Yue Yi.

"When Zhuge Xuan died, Zhuge Liang was 18 years old. He came to Longzhong to farm for a living."

"Another theory is that Zhuge Liang spent his early years farming in Nanyang."

"This period of farming life lasted for 10 years. Zhuge Liang paid attention to communicating with local celebrities in Jingzhou. He often visited the home of local celebrity Pang Degong and bowed to him under the bed every time."

"And Pang Degong's nephew was Pang Tong, the Phoenix Child. He also often visited the home of Huang Chengyan, who had as much influence as Pang Degong, and married Huang Chengyan's daughter."

"In the 12th year of Jian'an, Zhuge Liang and Liu Bei met. There are two versions of the story in history."

"One is: Liu Bei was stationed in Xinye, Sima Hui and Xu Shu recommended Zhuge Liang to Liu Bei, believing that Zhuge Liang was a sleeping dragon who could help Liu Bei stabilize the world."

"So, Liu Bei visited the thatched cottage three times before meeting Zhuge Liang."

"Zhuge Liang and Liu Bei analyzed the general trend of the world at that time and advised Liu Bei to capture Jingzhou first and then capture Yizhou to conquer the world."

"Another theory is that Zhuge Liang believed that Cao Cao had just settled Hebei, and the next place he would attack would be Jingzhou. However, the governor at the time, Liu Biao, was not knowledgeable about military affairs, so he went to Liu Bei first, hoping that Liu Bei would guard Jingzhou."

"In the beginning, Liu Bei just held a banquet to receive Zhuge Liang and other guests with ordinary hospitality etiquette."

"After the banquet, Zhuge Liang stayed alone and did not leave. Only then did he have the opportunity to have an in-depth conversation with Liu Bei and receive Liu Bei's courtesy."

"Later, Zhuge Liang offered advice to his friend Liu Qi to help him escape Xiangyang."

"After the death of Liu Biao, his second son Liu Cong came to the throne. When Cao Cao attacked Jingzhou, Nacheng surrendered."

"Zhuge Liang and Liu Bei went south to avoid the chaos. At this time, Sun Quan was waiting and watching with his troops in Chaisang."

"Zhuge Liang personally persuaded Sun Quan, pointing out that if Cao Cao was allowed to occupy Jingzhou, Sun Quan would have difficulty protecting himself."

"For this reason, Sun Quan should form an alliance with Liu Bei to fight against Cao Cao. Sun Quan agreed with Zhuge Liang's analysis and sent Zhou Yu and others to lead 3 naval forces with Zhuge Liang to support Liu Bei."

"Later, Liu Bei and Sun's army defeated Cao Cao at Chibi. After that, Zhuge Liang was appointed as the General of the Army and was in charge of the three Lingling counties. He also collected taxes from these three counties to provide military funds for Liu Bei."

"In the 16th year of Jian'an, Liu Zhang, governor of Yizhou, sent Fa Zheng to ask Liu Bei for help in attacking Zhang Lu who occupied Hanzhong. Zhuge Liang and Guan Yu guarded Jingzhou."

"In the 19th year of Jian'an, Zhuge Liang left Guan Yu to guard Jingzhou, and led Zhang Fei and Zhao Yun to attack westward along the Yangtze River, conquering Badong and other places, and later joined Liu Bei near Chengdu."

"Zhuge Liang also assisted Liu Bei in occupying Yizhou and stationed in Chengdu. At this time, Zhuge Liang was named Military Advisor General."

"When Liu Bei went out, he often left Zhuge Liang behind to guard Chengdu."

"Because Liu Zhang was weak and lenient, the people of Shu were loose, so Zhuge Liang implemented strict laws to correct the customs as soon as he entered Shu."

"The then governor of Guangdu, Jiang Wan, often drank and got drunk. Liu Bei wanted to punish him, but Zhuge Liang dissuaded him on the grounds that Jiang Wan was a capable minister who could stabilize the country."

"After Liu Bei ascended the throne in the 26th year of Jian'an, Zhuge Liang was appointed prime minister."

"In the second year of Zhangwu, Liu Bei wanted to attack the Eastern Wu regime, but Zhuge Liang failed to persuade him to stop."

"In the third year of Zhangwu, Liu Bei was seriously ill and summoned Zhuge Liang to Yong'an to entrust him with his affairs, saying that if Liu Chan was difficult to support, Zhuge Liang could take his place."

"In May of the first year of Jianxing, Liu Shan, the last emperor, ascended the throne, and Zhuge Liang was granted the title of Marquis of Wuxiang and concurrently served as governor of Yizhou."

Li Bai: Zhuge Liang made all decisions on all matters of the Shu Han regime. Yang Yong, the chief clerk, advised Zhuge Liang not to handle all matters personally.

Zhuge Liang was very grateful for Yang Yong's reminder. After Yang Yong died, Zhuge Liang cried for three days.

In the same year, several counties in Nanzhong rebelled, but Zhuge Liang did not send troops to quell the rebellion on the grounds that they had just experienced the funeral of the previous emperor.

He also sent envoys to the Eastern Wu regime to establish marriage alliances and enhance friendly relations between Shu and Wu.

In February of the third year of Jianxing, Zhuge Liang led his troops to attack the rebel forces including Yong Kai in Nanzhong.

Ma Su advised Zhuge Liang that the best strategy for this military campaign should be to appease the enemy's mind, and Zhuge Liang humbly accepted the advice.

In July, Zhuge Liang killed the rebel leaders Yong Kai and Gao Ding.

Meng Huo, the leader of the Nanzhong region, took in the remnants of Yong Kai and fought against Zhuge Liang.

Zhuge Liang released and captured Meng Huo seven times and finally made him convinced and submit to the Shu Han regime.

Zhuge Liang did not station troops in Nanzhong. He appointed official positions to some prestigious people in Nanzhong, such as Meng Huo, and provided them with gold, silver, money, and farming techniques for their use. Then he returned to Chengdu.

In the fourth year of Jianxing, Zhuge Liang wanted to send troops to Hanzhong, and sent former general Li Yan to garrison in Jiangzhou, and ordered the Protector General Chen Dao to garrison Yong'an and come under the command of Li Yan. This move was intended to defend against the attack of the Eastern Wu regime.

In the fifth year of Jianxing, Zhuge Liang led his troops north to station in Hanzhong. He left his chief secretary Zhang Yi and military officer Jiang Wan to write "The Memorial to the Emperor on Leaving the Capital" to the later emperor Liu Chan before leaving, and then went to Mianyang to station troops.

In the spring of the sixth year of Jianxing, Zhuge Liang claimed that he would capture Mei County from the Xiegu Road, and sent Zhao Yun and Deng Zhi to lead troops to occupy Jigu as a decoy. He personally led troops to attack Qishan, but was resisted by the Wei army led by Zhang He.

Zhuge Liang ordered Ma Su to lead the troops forward and fought a fierce battle with Zhang He at Jieting. However, Ma Su was defeated because he did not follow Zhuge Liang's arrangements.

Zhuge Liang had to lead the people back to Hanzhong and execute Ma Su. He also wrote to the later emperor Liu Chan to demote himself by three levels as a punishment.

Later emperor Liu Chan appointed Zhuge Liang as Right General and acted as Prime Minister.

During this expedition, Zhuge Liang recruited Jiang Wei, a military officer from Tianshui, and appointed him as the Cangcao Yuan, who was in charge of military affairs.

In the winter of the sixth year of Jianxing, Zhuge Liang heard that Cao Xiu was defeated, the Wei army was moving eastward, and the defense of Guanzhong was empty, so he wanted to take the opportunity to send troops.

The officials of Shu Han were skeptical about whether they could succeed in this expedition.

For this reason, Zhuge Liang wrote to the later emperor Liu Chan to strictly emphasize the importance of this expedition.

In winter, Zhuge Liang sent troops to Sanguan, besieged Chencang, fought with the Wei army, and killed the Wei general Wang Shuang.

In the seventh year of Jianxing, Zhuge Liang sent Chen Shi to attack Wudu and Yinping.

"Guo Huai, the governor of Yongzhou under the Cao Wei regime, led his troops to resist. Zhuge Liang personally led his troops to capture Jianwei, and Guo Huai immediately gave up resistance and retreated." "Zhuge Liang thus captured Wudu and Yinping. The later emperor Liu Chan took the opportunity to restore Zhuge Liang's position as prime minister."

"In the eighth year of Jianxing, Zhuge Liang heard that the Wei army was about to arrive."

"So, he stationed troops in Chenggu and Akasaka to guard against it."

"At the same time, Zhuge Liang asked Li Yan to lead an army of 20,000 to Hanzhong for support. He petitioned the later emperor Liu Shan to let Li Yan's son Li Feng serve as the governor of Jiangzhou and take over the local military affairs."

"In the ninth year of Jianxing, Zhuge Liang led his troops to attack Qishan again and used wooden oxen to transport food."

"At that time, Li Yan was responsible for supervising the transportation of grain and grass. It was the time of summer and autumn, and it rained continuously, so the grain transportation could not keep up."

"Zhuge Liang received a message from Li Yan saying that food was running out, so when the food ran out, Zhuge Liang led his troops to retreat, and Sima Yi sent Zhang He to pursue."

"Zhang He fought fiercely with Zhuge Liang near Mumen, and was later shot dead by Shu soldiers."

"After Zhuge Liang's army retreated, Li Yan pretended to be surprised and asked why the army retreated when there was plenty of food."

"At this time, Li Yan wanted to cover up his own failure in supervising the transportation of grain and grass by emphasizing that Zhuge Liang retreated without reason."

"Zhuge Liang handed Li Yan's letter to him to the court, and Li Yan's inconsistencies were revealed."

"So, Zhuge Liang impeached Li Yan, thinking that he only cared about his own selfish interests and ignored the justice of the country, so he deposed Li Yan as a commoner."

"In the 12th year of Jianxing, Zhuge Liang led his troops out from Xiegu Road again, using Liuma as a means of transporting grain, and occupied Wuzhangyuan in Wugong County."

"Zhuge Liang led his troops to confront the Wei army led by Sima Yi across the Wei River."

"Zhuge Liang often worries that there will be insufficient food supply and it will be difficult to realize his ambition."

"So, he decided to divide his troops into farming on the south bank of the Wei River as a long-term solution."

"Zhuge Liang challenged Sima Yi several times, but Sima Yi remained indoors. Zhuge Liang used women's clothing to mock Sima Yi, and Sima Yi became angry and wanted to fight, but was persuaded by Weiwei Xinpi."

"In August of the same year, Zhuge Liang was seriously ill, and his lord Liu Chan sent his servant She Li Fu to visit him and consult him on the country's plans."

"A few days later, Li Fu came to see Zhuge Liang again."

"Zhuge Liang knew his purpose and said that Fei Yi could be his successor."

"A few days later, Zhuge Liang died of illness."

"The last emperor Liu Chan followed Zhuge Liang's will and buried him at Dingjun Mountain in Hanzhong."

"When Zhuge Liang just passed away, people from all over the country requested the government to build a temple for him, but the government refused on the grounds that it was not in accordance with the etiquette, so the people had no choice but to offer sacrifices on the roadside."

"In the spring of the sixth year of Jingyao, at the suggestion of Xi Long and Xiang Chong, the later emperor Liu Chan built a temple for Zhuge Liang in Mianyang."

Wang Anshi: Although Liu Bei established the Shu Han regime with the help of Zhuge Liang,
But not long after, Liu Bei fell ill in Baidi City. Before his death,

He summoned his prime minister Zhuge Liang, held Zhuge Liang's hand, and with tears in his eyes, entrusted the entire country to him.

For Zhuge Liang, Liu Bei was very kind to him.
He was not a heartless person, so when he heard Liu Bei's last words, Zhuge Liang agreed without hesitation.

However, in the situation of the Three Kingdoms, Shu Han was much weaker and backward than the other two regimes.
If it were not for Zhuge Liang's efforts to turn the tide, it would have been difficult for Shu Han to separate from the other two regimes.

In the Battle of Jingzhou, Guan Yu led his troops to attack Cao Cao, but he did not expect that Sun Quan would play a trick of "the mantis stalks the cicada, unaware of the oriole behind". He took advantage of the opportunity and launched a surprise attack on Jingzhou.

Because of Guan Yu’s carelessness, Shu Kingdom lost the three counties of Jingzhou. Later, this allusion was also called “Losing Jingzhou due to carelessness”.

First they lost Jingzhou, then they lost Guan Yu. In the years of chaos,
The Kingdom of Shu lost many talented generals time and again. Zhuge Liang was often saddened by this and often shed tears.

After that, Zhuge Liang spent more than two years to let Shu Kingdom recuperate.
However, in order to achieve a greater victory in the Northern Expedition, he decided to lead the troops into battle himself.

Between 228 and 234, Zhuge Liang launched a total of five attacks on Cao Wei, but his first northern expedition failed.

Ma Su, a general whom he valued, disagreed with Zhuge Liang.
Ma Su decided to act on his own and disobeyed the combat orders given to him by Zhuge Liang, which led to the loss of Jieting.

Since ancient times, Jieting has been a battleground for military strategists in every dynasty. If Jieting is lost,

It was as if his left and right arms had been cut off. In anger, Zhuge Liang ordered the execution of Ma Su.

After the failure of the first Northern Expedition, in the winter of the same year, Zhuge Liang heard that the Wei army was attacking from the east.
At that time, they were short of troops and Guanzhong was empty, so it was not easy to face the enemy head-on.

The two armies met at Chencang, which was easy to defend but difficult to attack. The two sides fought fiercely here for more than twenty days, but still no winner was determined.

During the journey, the Shu Han general Zhao Yun fell ill. Zhuge Liang was shocked to hear the bad news, vomited blood, and cried bitterly.

The third Northern Expedition took place in the spring of the following year. This time, Zhuge Liang used a strategy to defeat Sima Yi, but he also lost one of his generals, Zhang Bao.

It is reported that upon learning of Zhang Bao's death, Zhuge Liang cried to the point of fainting, and even became seriously ill due to grief.

The successive losses of great generals made the situation of Shu Kingdom, which was already short of talented people, even worse. Zhuge Liang was a man who valued talented people.
He had a lot of pain in his heart, and although he was sad, he could not ignore his mission, so he had to cheer up and continue fighting.

At this time, Zhuge Liang's health was not as good as before, but he was shouldering the mission of revitalizing Shu Kingdom and would never retreat from this path, so the fourth Northern Expedition soon began.

During this Northern Expedition, a general under Zhuge Liang named Wei Yan, together with Wu Ban and Gao Xiang, fought in three directions and eventually defeated the Wei army.

Zhuge Liang thought Wei Yan was very capable, but during the Northern Expedition, Wei Yan proposed the idea of ​​a surprise attack on Guanzhong from Ziwu Road.

However, this idea was opposed by Zhuge Liang, who believed that Wei Yan's plan was "not a foolproof one."

Wei Yan has always been confident in his abilities, but Zhuge Liang poured cold water on him unexpectedly. He was resentful towards Zhuge Liang in his heart.

At the same time, during Zhuge Liang's Northern Expedition, he met General Jiang Wei, who chose to surrender to Shu because he was suspected by Wei. After Zhuge Liang recruited Jiang Wei, he valued him very much.

Although Jiang Wei came from the Wei Kingdom, Zhuge Liang had a high opinion of him and believed that he was a man of real ability.

During the fifth Northern Expedition, Zhuge Liang's health deteriorated, even though he knew his health very well.
But there are too many tedious things to do every day, and each one is waiting for him to deal with.

He had no time to eat or sleep, and he was often sick from worrying and coughing up blood at the slightest provocation.

A serious illness came on suddenly. Zhuge Liang often vomited blood and could not eat. He became so thin that his face was pale and his body was emaciated.

When he was seriously ill, he had not forgotten the state affairs and gave instructions to the people sent by Liu Chan about his affairs after his death.
Not long after, Zhuge Liang closed his eyes forever in the military camp at Wuzhangyuan.

It can be said that Zhuge Liang's death was closely related to the heavy burden he shouldered. (End of this chapter)