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Sima Lang (171-217), courtesy name Boda, was a native of Wen County, Henei Prefecture. He was a politician in the late Eastern Han Dynasty and one of the "Eight Simas". He was the son of Jingzhao Yin Sima Fang and the brother of Sima Yi.

In 182 AD, when he was twelve years old, Sima Lang passed the Confucian classics examination and became a Tongzilang.

In the first year of Chuping (190 AD), Dong Zhuo entered Luoyang, and the armies of various states and counties in Guandong rose up against him.

Sima Lang, under his father's orders, led his family to flee from Dong Zhuo and moved to Liyang, successfully avoiding the war.

After Cao Cao was appointed as Sikong, Sima Lang was appointed as an official under Sikong. Later, he served as the magistrate of Chenggao, the mayor of Tangyang, the magistrate of Yuancheng, and the chief clerk of the prime minister. He made achievements in politics wherever he went and was deeply loved by the people.

"When Sima Lang was the governor of Yanzhou, his policies and education were fully implemented and were praised by the people."

"In the 217nd year of Jian'an (), Sima Lang, Xiahou Dun, Zang Ba and others went to attack the State of Wu. When they arrived at Juchao, a serious plague broke out."

"Sima Lang contracted the disease and eventually died at the age of forty-seven."

"The Sima family was a noble family in Henei during the late Han Dynasty. They were very strict in disciplining the Sima brothers. They said, 'You dare not enter unless you are told to, you dare not sit unless you are told to, and you dare not speak unless you are asked.' The father and son were very serious when they were together."

"When he was nine years old, a guest called his father by his given name. He said to the guest, "To be disrespectful to other people's parents is to be disrespectful to your own parents." The guest apologized for this."

"In 182 AD, when he was twelve years old, he passed the Confucian classics examination and became a Tongzilang. However, the invigilator at the time thought that he was tall and strong, so he suspected that he had lied about his age and questioned him."

"My family has always been tall. Although I am young and weak, I don't have the habit of climbing up the social ladder in a hurry for quick success."

"I lied about my age in order to achieve early success in my career. This is not what I want to do in life." The examiner felt that Sima Lang's character and talent were indeed different from ordinary people. "

"In the first year of Chuping (190 AD), Dong Zhuo entered Luoyang, and the armies of the prefectures and counties in Guandong rose up against him."

"Li Shao, the former governor of Jizhou, lived in Yewang. To avoid the war, he wanted to move to Wen County, believing that Yewang and Wen County were in a relationship of mutual dependence."

"Moreover, Li Shao fled despite the expectations of the people of the county, which may cause unrest and unrest among the people in the counties along the mountain."

"But Li Shao did not listen to his advice, and indeed, he caused unrest among the local people, and Wen County was also looted."

"After that, Dong Zhuo took the emperor hostage and moved west to Chang'an. Sima Fang was the Imperial Censor at the time and should have moved west with him, but Sima Fang was caught in the midst of wars."

"So the eldest son Sima Lang was ordered to take his family back to his hometown, Wen County. However, someone reported Sima Lang for wanting to escape, so the army arrested him and brought him to see Dong Zhuo."

"Dong Zhuo said to Sima Lang: "You are the same age as my deceased son, why did you betray me!"

"Sima Lang replied, "Your Excellency has assisted the emperor in the midst of chaos, eliminated the corruption of the eunuchs, and recommended many wise men. This is indeed a humble and thoughtful act, and will soon lead to the restoration of the country."

"But as his prestige grew and his achievements became more prominent, wars and chaos became more severe. The local prefectures and counties were like a boiling cauldron. Even in the suburbs of the capital, people could not settle down and work happily. Therefore, they had to abandon their homes and properties and flee everywhere."

"Although we have set up bans at all four checkpoints and imposed heavy penalties of killing, we cannot stop the trend of fleeing. This is why I want to return to my hometown."

"I hope that Ming Gongzi can learn from this and reflect on himself a little, then his reputation will be as glorious as the sun and the moon, and Yi Yin and Zhou Gong will not be able to compare with him."

"Dong Zhuo was very satisfied after listening to this and said, "I have the same feeling. What you said makes sense."

"In the first year of Xingping (195 AD), Cao Cao, the governor of Yanzhou, confronted Lu Bu, who had seized his territory, in Puyang. Cao Cao returned to Wen County with his family, and a famine occurred that year."

Li Bai: During the Eastern Han Dynasty, there was a child prodigy who was almost rejected from the boy's examination because he was too tall and did not look like a child. He was the biological brother of the "well-known" Sima Yi, and his name was Sima Lang.

The Sima family was a noble family in Henei during the late Han Dynasty. Sima Lang's grandfather Sima Jun served as the prefect of Yingchuan, and his father Sima Fang served as the magistrate of Luoyang, the prefect of Jingzhao, and the commander of the cavalry.

Sima Fang was very strict in disciplining the brothers Sima Lang and Sima Yi, requiring them to "not dare to advance unless told to, not dare to sit unless told to, and not dare to speak unless asked."

Sima Lang was very clever and believed in respecting elders and younger people since he was young. When he was nine years old, a guest called his father by his given name.
Sima Lang then said to the man, “To be disrespectful to other people’s elders is the same as disrespecting your own elders.” The guest had no choice but to apologize.

Born in such a family, Sima Lang was well-versed in scriptures and was smart, so he was knowledgeable and famous at a very young age.

In the fifth year of Guanghe reign of Emperor Ling of the Han Dynasty, when Sima Lang was twelve years old, he was recommended to take the Confucian classics examination. He answered questions fluently and was selected as a Tongzilang.

At that time, Sima Lang was tall and strong. The examiner felt that he did not look like a twelve-year-old child and suspected that he had lied about his age. He questioned him and wanted to deny his admission.

Sima Lang saw that his efforts were going to go to waste, so he argued boldly: "My family has always been tall. Although I am young and weak, I will not be eager to climb up the social ladder, nor will I lie about my age in order to achieve success in my career. This is not my ambition in life."

Upon hearing this, the examiner conducted another check and after confirming Sima Lang's age, he felt that Sima Lang's character and talents were indeed extraordinary, so he admitted him.

When Sima Lang was 22 years old, Cao Cao, who held great power in the court, promoted him to be the magistrate of Tangyang County.

Sima Lang was quite lenient in governing the country, and even though he did not carry out flogging as punishment, the people did not violate the criminal law.

At that time, many people in the county were relocated to the capital. Later, the county conscripted civilians to serve in shipbuilding, and there was a shortage of manpower. After hearing the news, the relocated people privately invited each other to come back to help him.

When Sima Lang was in the army, he wore simple clothes, ate coarse food, and set an example of frugality.

He was very fond of books on human relations. When fellow villagers like Li Di enjoyed high reputations, Sima Lang often publicly denigrated their virtues.

Later, when Li Di and others were defeated, people began to believe in Sima Lang's judgment.

Cao Pi liked Sima Lang's essays very much. After he became emperor, he ordered his secretary to handwrite his essays.

In the 22nd year of Jian'an during the reign of Emperor Xian of Han, Sima Lang followed General Xiahou Dun and others in an expedition against Eastern Wu. He was infected with a disease and unfortunately died young at the age of 47.

He left a will saying: "I have received great favors from the country and have supervised thousands of miles. I have made little contribution but have not achieved anything. Now I have encountered this plague and cannot save myself. I have failed the country. After I die, I will wear plain clothes and scarves and wear the clothes of the day. Please do not go against my wishes."

Sima Lang, who was almost rejected in the Boy's Examination, was devoted to the country until his death. After hearing the news of his death, the people of Yanzhou commemorated him in various ways.

"People were cannibalizing each other, but he took in and provided relief to his clan members, and taught his brothers on behalf of his father. Therefore, the Sima family did not decline due to the decline of the world."

"When he was 22, Cao Cao, the Minister of Works, recruited him as a subordinate of the Minister of Works, and later he was appointed as the magistrate of Chenggao County, but he resigned due to illness, and later he was reinstated as the magistrate of Tangyang County."

"He governed the government with great leniency, did not use flogging, and the people did not violate the criminal law."

"At that time, some people in the county were relocated to the capital. Later, the county conscripted people to serve in shipbuilding. The people who moved away were afraid that Sima Lang would be short of manpower."

"So they invited each other to come back and help each other privately, and they were loved by the people. Later, he was transferred to Yuancheng Magistrate." "After the 208th year of Jian'an (), he was recruited by Cao Cao as the chief clerk of the prime minister. He believed that the chaos at the end of the Han Dynasty was due to the Qin Dynasty abolishing the system of five ranks of nobility (Duke, Marquis, Earl, Viscount, Baron),"

"Since the local counties and kingdoms have not trained their troops for war, although there is no need to restore the fifth rank of nobility, the local counties and kingdoms can be ordered to recruit standing soldiers."

"It can not only resist foreign invasion, but also intimidate rebellious officials with evil intentions, and can be used as a strategy for long-term stability."

"They also believe that the well-field system should be restored. Previously, people had owned land for generations, and it was difficult to redistribute it after expropriation."

"Nowadays, we are in a time of chaos, people are displaced, and land is ownerless. This is a good opportunity to restore the well-field system."

“Although the suggestion was not adopted and implemented, the policy of local states and counties leading the troops was originally based on opinions.”

"Later, he was transferred to be the governor of Yanzhou, where he implemented many policies that were praised by the people."

"When he was in the army, he wore simple clothes, ate coarse food, and set an example to promote frugality."

"He was very fond of books on human relations, and he often publicly denigrated the virtues of fellow villagers such as Li Di, who enjoyed high reputations;"

"Later, Li Di and his men were indeed defeated, and people at that time were convinced by the judgment."

"At that time, Zhong Yao, Wang Can and others said: "Only a saint can bring peace and order to the world."

"Then he said: "Although Yi Yin and Yan Hui were not saints, if their virtues and words were passed down from generation to generation and deeply rooted in the hearts of the people, they could also achieve peace and order in the world."

"Cao Pi was very fond of writing essays, and after he became emperor, he ordered his secretary to hand-write his essays."

"In the 217nd year of Jian'an ( AD), he followed Xiahou Dun, Zang Ba and others to attack the Eastern Wu. When he arrived at Juchao, a serious epidemic broke out among the soldiers."

"He personally inspected the soldiers' health and gave them medicine, but he himself contracted the disease and died of it at the age of 47."

"He left a will saying, 'You have received great favors from the country and have supervised thousands of miles away. I have made little contribution but have encountered this plague. I cannot save myself and have failed the country. After I die, I will wear plain clothes and a scarf and wear the clothes of the day. Please do not go against my wishes.'"

"After his death, the people of Yanzhou missed him very much."

"After Emperor Ming of Wei ascended the throne, he conferred the title of Marquis of Changwu Ting on Sima Lang, with a fief of 100 households."

"Sima Lang's brother Sima Fu adopted his son Sima Wang to Sima Lang. After Sima Yi died, Sima Wang's son Sima Hong inherited him."

Su Shi: Sima Fang's eldest son Sima Lang, unlike Sima Yi who twice claimed illness to refuse Cao Cao's recruitment, Sima Lang started working for Cao Cao early on.

Sima Lang, as his name suggests, was influenced by Sima Fang and became as bright as the moon, upright and incorruptible, and looked particularly upright.

When Sima Lang was 9 years old, there was a guest in his house who called Sima Fang's name in front of Sima Lang (which was extremely impolite at the time).

The young Sima Lang immediately said to the guest in a dignified manner: "Your character is worrying. You do not respect other people's elders, which is the same as disrespecting your own elders." The guest had no choice but to apologize repeatedly.

When Sima Lang was 12 years old, he took the examination for Tongzilang.

The invigilator saw that Sima Lang was so tall and did not look like a 12-year-old boy. He suspected that Sima Lang had lied about his age and questioned him.

Sima Lang calmly responded: "My family has such strong genes. Although I am young, I don't have the habit of lying about my age or seeking quick success. This is not my ambition in life."

In 190 AD, Dong Zhuo invaded Luoyang. Sima Lang fled Luoyang with his family. Because his hometown Henei County was too close to Luoyang, he went to live with his in-laws in Liyang. He did not return to his hometown until 195 AD.

At that time, there was famine, and people were eating human flesh. Sima Lang could not bear to see his people suffer, so he took them in and saved the Sima clan.

Later, Sima Lang was appointed as the governor of Yanzhou, and promulgated and implemented many policies that were beneficial to the people's livelihood, and was loved by the people.

In 217 AD, Sima Lang joined the army to attack Eastern Wu.

There was an epidemic in the army, and Sima Lang personally inspected the condition of the soldiers and sent medical treatment and medicine. Unfortunately, he contracted the disease and died. The people of Yanzhou were very sad and kept praising him.

Sima Yi was different. He pretended to be sick twice to refuse Cao Cao's recruitment. The second time, he agreed to work for Cao Cao because Cao Cao sent someone to tell him: "If you pretend to be sick again, I will put you in jail."

While working, Sima Yi worked hard and helped Cao Wei deal with all matters big and small.

He is not like his brother Sima Lang, who would fight for everything, but would endure and lie dormant.

When Cao Cao first recruited him, he pretended to have paralysis.

Cao Cao sent assassins to kill him at night to force him to "recover". He just stayed in bed and didn't move, so Cao Cao said, "If you get sick again, I'll take you to jail."

When Zhuge Liang sent troops to attack Cao Wei for the fifth time, he laid out a plan to lure Sima Yi into the fight.

Sima Yi thought about it and felt that since Zhuge Liang sent troops thousands of miles away but did not attack the city but instead issued a declaration of war to challenge them, there must be an ambush, so he kept his troops in place.

When Zhuge Liang saw that Sima Yi refused to fight, he gave Sima Yi a set of women's clothes, mocking him for being cowardly.

The generals of Cao Wei were all enraged, but Sima Yi remained silent.

Before his death, Cao Rui appointed Sima Yi and Cao Shuang as regents to assist the eight-year-old Cao Fang.

Cao Shuang, representing the Cao clan, tried his best to exclude Sima Yi.

Sima Lang (171-217), courtesy name Boda, was a native of Wen County, Henei Prefecture, and one of the "Eight Sima".

As Sima Yi's elder brother, Sima Lang showed great insight when he was young. During the turmoil at the end of the Han Dynasty, he was ordered by his father to lead his family to escape from Dong Zhuo and move to Liyang, successfully avoiding the war.

After Cao Cao was appointed Sikong, Sima Lang was appointed as an official under Sikong, and successively served as Chenggao Ling, Tangyang Chang, Yuancheng Ling, Prime Minister's Chief Clerk, Yanzhou Governor and other posts. He made achievements wherever he served and was deeply loved by the people.

After being promoted from the position of Chief Secretary of the Prime Minister to the position of Governor of Yanzhou, Sima Lang, together with Xiahou Dun, Zang Ba and others, went on an expedition against the State of Wu and arrived at Juchao.

However, during this period, Sima Lang unfortunately fell ill and eventually died at the age of 47. (End of this chapter)