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Guo Si, also known as Guo Duo, was a native of Zhangye, Liangzhou. He was a warlord and powerful minister during the late Eastern Han Dynasty.

Guo Si was originally a horse thief from Zhangye County in Liangzhou. He later became a colonel under Niu Fu, the son-in-law of Dong Zhuo, a powerful minister in the Eastern Han Dynasty.

In the third year of the Chuping era (192 AD), after Dong Zhuo and Niu Fu were killed one after another, Guo Si and another warlord, Li Jue, joined forces to attack Chang'an, robbed the people, drove out General Lü Bu, and killed Minister Wang Yun.

In the first year of Xingping (194 AD), Guo Si was ordered to fight against General Ma Teng, who was in charge of the Western Expedition. He was victorious and subsequently obtained the qualification to establish his own government, which allowed him to participate in the recommendation and selection of officials nationwide.

In the second year of Xingping (195 AD), Li Jue and Guo Si became bitter enemies and attacked each other. Emperor Xian of Han sent people several times to persuade the two to reconcile, but Li Jue kidnapped Emperor Xian and took him to his own camp, while Guo Si detained more than a dozen ministers who came to persuade him.

Ultimately, Li Jue and Guo Si exchanged their daughters as hostages, reaching a reconciliation. Subsequently, under the arrangement of General Zhang Ji, Emperor Xian of Han went to Hongnong, but Guo Si wanted Emperor Xian to go to Gaoling. He joined forces with Li Jue to pursue Emperor Xian, and along the way fought incessantly with warlords such as General Dong Cheng, General Yang Feng, and General Duan Wei, resulting in countless deaths and injuries.

Under the relentless pursuit of Li Jue and Guo Si, Emperor Xian of Han finally arrived at Anyi by boat. Subsequently, Emperor Xian sent envoys to negotiate peace with Li Jue and Guo Si.

The two then released the detained officials and returned some of the looted property. In the second year of Jian'an (197 AD), Guo Si was killed by his subordinate Wu Xi in Mei County.

Guo Si forced the emperor to take high-ranking officials hostage, and Ju Jun, an official of the Eastern Han Dynasty, considered him "a traitorous minister unlike any other in history."

Guo Si and Li Jue fought each other. Mao Zonggang, a literary critic in the Qing Dynasty, believed that Guo Si was "reckless and wicked, and fickle."

Guo Si was originally a horse thief in Zhangye County, Liangzhou. Later, he became the son-in-law of Dong Zhuo, a powerful minister of the Eastern Han Dynasty, and a colonel under Niu Fu, a general of the Central Army.

In the first year of the Chuping era (190 AD), Dong Zhuo deposed Emperor Shao (Liu Bian) and installed Liu Xie, the Prince of Chenliu, as emperor, namely Emperor Xian of Han.

In the third year of the Chuping era (192 AD), Dong Zhuo ordered Niu Fu to garrison in Shanxian County. He then dispatched Li Jue, Guo Si, Zhang Ji, and others to lead tens of thousands of infantry and cavalry to defeat Zhu Jun, the governor of Henan, in Zhongmu County. They occupied Chenliu and Yingchuan Counties, taking the opportunity to kill and rob the people, leaving nothing behind wherever they went.

After Dong Zhuo's general Lü Bu, together with Minister Wang Yun and Minister Shi Sunrui, killed Dong Zhuo, they sent Cavalry Commandant Li Su to Shan County to execute Niu Fu.

In April of the third year of the Chuping era (192 AD), Guo Si, Li Jue, and others, deeply resenting the people of Bingzhou because Wang Yun and Lü Bu had killed Dong Zhuo, killed hundreds of men and women from Bingzhou in the army.

After Niu Fu's death, everyone was at a loss and planned to disperse. Li Jue, Guo Si, and others were afraid, so they sent people to Chang'an to beg Emperor Xian of Han for a pardon, but Wang Yun, who controlled the court, did not agree.

Li Jue and Guo Si were at a loss. Jia Xu, a man from Wuwei in Li Jue's army, encouraged them to lead troops together to attack Chang'an and avenge Dong Zhuo. He believed that if they dispersed, they would be isolated and vulnerable, and easily captured and killed.

If we succeed in attacking Chang'an, we can gain control of the world. Even if we fail, we can still escape then.

Li Jue and Guo Si agreed with Jia Xu's reasoning. Since they had not been pardoned, they were prepared to fight to the death. If they failed, they would seize the women and wealth of the Three Auxiliary Regions and then return west to their hometown.

Therefore, Li Jue, Guo Si, and others led an army of several thousand men and marched day and night toward Chang'an.

Upon hearing this news, Wang Yun dispatched Hu Zhen and Xu Rong, former generals of Dong Zhuo, to meet them at Xinfeng.

As a result, Xu Rong was killed in battle, and Hu Zhen surrendered with his troops. Li Jue and Guo Si gathered scattered soldiers along the way, and by the time they reached Chang'an, their army had grown to more than 100,000 men.

In May of the third year of the Chuping era (192 AD), Li Jue and Guo Si joined forces with Dong Zhuo's subordinates Fan Chou and Li Meng, and besieged Chang'an. The city walls were high and steep, making them difficult to attack, and the siege lasted for eight days.

A Shu soldier in Lü Bu's army mutinied within the city and joined Li Jue's army, allowing everyone to enter the city. After Chang'an was captured, Li Jue and Guo Si allowed their soldiers to plunder the people, resulting in the deaths of more than 10,000 people, including the Commandant of the Guards Zhong Fu, the Grand Master of the Palace Lu Kui, and the Grand Herald Zhou Huan.

After Lü Bu's defeat, he fled the city. Wang Yun helped Emperor Xian of Han to the Xuanping Gate tower to take refuge, while Li Jue and Guo Si prostrated themselves and kowtowed below the tower.

Emperor Xian of Han questioned them about why they had ordered their soldiers to attack the city. Li Jue and Guo Si replied that Dong Zhuo was loyal to Emperor Xian but had been killed by Lü Bu without cause, and that they were only avenging Dong Zhuo and had no intention of rebelling.

Then, Li Jue and Guo Si led their troops to surround the city tower and demanded that Wang Yun come down from it. Wang Yun had no choice but to come down.

Subsequently, Emperor Xian of Han granted a general amnesty and appointed Li Jue as General Yangwu, Guo Si as General Yanglie, and Fan Chou and others as Generals of the Palace Guard.

Li Jue, Guo Si, and others collected Dong Zhuo's ashes and buried them in a coffin. A few days later, Wang Yun was executed, and his entire family was exterminated.

After entering Chang'an, Li Jue was promoted to General of Chariots and Cavalry, concurrently serving as Commandant of the Capital Region, and granted the authority to act on behalf of the emperor. Guo Si was appointed General of the Rear and Marquis of Meiyang. Fan Chou was appointed General of the Right and Marquis of Wannian. The three of them were responsible for managing the government affairs.

Zhang Ji was appointed General of Chariots and Cavalry and stationed his troops in Hongnong. At the end of the year, Cao Wei strategist Dong Zhao wrote letters in Cao Cao's name to Li Jue, Guo Si, and others, extending greetings according to their respective levels of power.

When Guo Si met Cao Cao's envoy, he believed that the generals in Guandong wanted to install a new emperor, and that although Cao Cao had sent an envoy to show his loyalty, he was not sincere.

After discussing the matter, Li Jue and Guo Si decided to detain the envoy in Chang'an. Zhong Yao, the Gentleman Attendant at the Palace Gate, thought this was inappropriate. His reasoning was that heroes were rising up across the land, each acting arbitrarily in the name of the court.

Only Cao Cao's heart was with the royal family. If the court refused to accept his sincerity, it would disappoint those who were prepared to emulate him in the future.

Li Jue and Guo Si accepted the suggestion and entertained Cao Cao's envoy, presenting him with very generous gifts.

In March of the first year of Xingping (194 AD), General Ma Teng, who was in charge of the westward expedition, came from Longyou to Chang'an to pay homage to Emperor Xian of Han and was stationed at Baqiao.

He secretly sought a favor from Li Jue, but Li Jue refused. As a result, Ma Teng was furious and joined forces with Ma Yu, the Chamberlain, Liu Fan, the Right General of the Palace Guard, Du Shao, the former Governor of Liangzhou, and Du Bing, the General of the Palace Guard, to attack Li Jue. They fought for several days without a clear victor.

Li Jue dispatched his nephew Li Li, along with Guo Si and Fan Chou, to fight Ma Teng and his forces at Changpingguan. Ma Teng was defeated, and over ten thousand of his soldiers were beheaded.

Subsequently, Guo Si, Fan Chou, and the Three Dukes established their own offices and appointed officials. Together with Li Ji, the General of Chariots and Cavalry, who had already enjoyed this privilege, their offices were collectively known as the Six Offices, which could participate in the recommendation and election of officials nationwide.

Li Jue, Guo Si, and others insisted on appointing their own recommended candidates, and would throw a tantrum if anything displeased them.

Unable to cope, the officials had no choice but to appoint their recommended candidates in order of seniority, starting with those recommended by Li Jue, followed by Guo Si, and then Fan Chou. The talents recommended by the Three Dukes had no chance of being appointed. In August of the first year of Xingping (194), the Qiang people of Fengyi Commandery attacked the counties in the commandery, but Guo Si and Fan Chou led their troops to defeat them.

Li Jue, Guo Si, and Fan Chou boasted about their achievements and vied for power, almost coming to blows several times.

Each time, Jia Xu would step in to persuade them to prioritize the overall situation. Therefore, although they could not actually get along, they appeared to be united on the surface.

Two years ago, when Dong Zhuo had just died, there were still hundreds of thousands of households in the Sanfu region. However, due to the plundering and invasion of the people by Li Jue, Guo Si, and Fan Chou, coupled with rampant banditry that openly robbed people in broad daylight, the population had been reduced to 100,000 households.

Although Li Jue, Guo Si, and Fan Chou divided Chang'an into three parts, each guarding a different area, they still could not control these bandits; moreover, the Sanfu region had not seen rain for more than three months, and the price of grain in the city was high, with one bushel of rice costing 500,000 coins and one bushel of beans and wheat costing 200,000 coins.

Due to famine, cannibalism occurred among the people, bones piled up, and filth filled the roads. Within two years, almost the entire population of the Sanfu region had perished.

In February of the second year of Xingping (195 AD), Li Jue, suspicious of Fan Chou, killed him during a gathering. From then on, the generals distrusted each other and were no longer united.

Li Jue frequently hosted banquets for Guo Si, and sometimes even invited Guo Si to stay overnight at his home. Guo Si's wife worried that Guo Si would fall in love with one of Li Jue's maids, so she tried to prevent Guo Si from going to Li Jue's house.

Just then, Li Jue brought over some food, and Guo Si's wife picked out the fermented black beans and showed them to Guo Si, saying that they were poison and advising him not to trust Li Jue.

When Li Jue hosted another banquet for Guo Si, Guo Si got drunk and, suspecting the wine was poisoned, drank excrement to induce vomiting. Afterwards, Li Jue and Guo Si each reorganized their troops and began attacking and killing each other.

In March of the second year of Xingping (195 AD), Emperor Xian of Han sent a court attendant and a minister to mediate the conflict between Li Jue and Guo Si, but neither Li Jue nor Guo Si was willing to make peace.

Guo Si plotted to bring Emperor Xian of Han to his own military camp. That night, someone from Guo Si's army escaped to Li Jue's camp and told Li Jue about Guo Si's plan.

Therefore, Li Jue sent his nephew Li Xian with several thousand soldiers to surround the palace. They used three carriages to bring Emperor Xian to their camp, and the officials followed on foot behind the emperor's carriage as they left the palace.

Subsequently, Li Jue's soldiers entered the palace, robbed the palace maids of their belongings, and moved the gold, silk, carriages, utensils, and clothing in the palace to Li Jue's camp. Finally, they set fire to the palace and government offices.

Emperor Xian of Han then sent more than ten people, including Grand Commandant Yang Biao and Minister of Works Zhang Xi, to persuade Li Jue and Guo Si to reconcile. Guo Si refused and even detained Yang Biao and the others as hostages.

Guo Si hosted a banquet for the detained court officials to discuss how to attack Li Jue. Yang Biao believed that the officials' infighting, Li Jue's kidnapping of the emperor, and Guo Si's detention of ministers were all acts of unreasonable behavior.

Guo Si was enraged and wanted to kill Yang Biao. His attendants intervened and persuaded him to stop. Li Jue then gathered several thousand Qiang and Hu people, showering them with imperial gifts and silks, and promising to reward them with palace maids and common women, instructing them to attack Guo Si.

Guo Si secretly colluded with Zhang Bao and other subordinate generals of Li Jue to plot an attack on Li Jue. Subsequently, Guo Si led his troops to attack Li Jue's camp at night, and his arrows flew into Emperor Xian's tent, even piercing Li Jue's ear.

Li Jue's subordinate Yang Feng resisted Guo Si outside the camp, forcing Guo Si to retreat. Zhang Bao led his men to join Guo Si.

Li Jue then moved Emperor Xian of Han to a camp in the north, sending a military officer to guard the gate and cutting off all communication between the inside and outside. Li Jue believed in the magic of male and female sorcerers to avert disasters, and frequently offered sacrifices of pigs, cattle, and sheep to Dong Zhuo outside the palace gates.

Every time Li Jue met Emperor Xian of Han, he would recount Guo Si's crimes to him, and Emperor Xian would respond in accordance with Li Jue's wishes. Li Jue was overjoyed, thinking that he had gained Emperor Xian's support.

Emperor Xian of Han dispatched Huangfu Li, the Attendant-in-Ordinary, to mediate the conflict between Li Jue and Guo Si. He first persuaded Guo Si, who agreed to reconcile. He then persuaded Li Jue, but Li Jue believed that Guo Si was not worthy of being his equal and insisted on killing Guo Si.

He believed himself to be a skilled military commander with a well-trained army, and that dealing with Guo Si would be a piece of cake. Guo Si, on the other hand, had kidnapped high-ranking officials and deserved his fate.

Huangfu Li, however, believed that Li Jue's crime of coercing the emperor was even more serious than Guo Si's. Li Jue was furious, rebuked and drove Huangfu Li away, and continued to fight with Guo Si for several months, resulting in tens of thousands of deaths.

In June of the second year of Xingping (195 AD), General Zhang Ji, the General Who Guards the East, came to Chang'an from Shanxian County, intending to mediate between the two and to welcome Emperor Xian of Han to his fiefdom of Hongnong.

Emperor Xian of Han also missed the old capital Luoyang, so he sent envoys to Li Jue and Guo Si's camp to convey the imperial edict. After repeating this ten times, Li Jue and Guo Si finally agreed to make peace.

Both sides originally intended to exchange their sons as hostages. However, Li Jue's wife loved her son Li Shi and refused to exchange them, so the peace treaty was not reached.

During this period, the Qiang and Hu people under Li Jue's command kept spying on Emperor Xian of Han's residence, demanding the palace women that Li Jue had promised to give them.

General Jia Xu hosted a banquet for the leaders of the Qiang and Hu tribes, promising them titles and rewards, after which they all departed. Li Jue, now weak and isolated, had no choice but to agree to make peace with Guo Si, exchanging daughters as hostages.

In July of the second year of Xingping (195 AD), Emperor Xian of Han went to Hongnong. He was traveling by carriage out of Xuanping Gate when, just as he was about to cross the moat bridge, hundreds of soldiers under Guo Si blocked his carriage on the bridge and demanded to know if the person in the carriage was Emperor Xian of Han.

Li Jue's hundreds of soldiers, all armed with halberds, stood guard in front of the chariot, and the two armies were about to clash. At this moment, Yang Qi, the Chamberlain, lifted the chariot curtain high, and Emperor Xian of Han rebuked the soldiers for their disrespect for the emperor. Only then did Guo Si's soldiers retreat.

Not long after, Emperor Xian of Han appointed Zhang Ji as General of the Cavalry and Guo Si as General of Chariots and Cavalry, and both were granted the title of Marquis.

Guo Si wanted Emperor Xian of Han to go to Gaoling, but Zhang Ji and the other officials believed that Emperor Xian should go to Hongnong. So they held a meeting to discuss the matter, but they could not reach a consensus.

Emperor Xian of Han sent an envoy to tell Guo Si that he wanted to go to Hongnong simply because it was close to the place where he worshipped Heaven and Earth and the ancestral temple, and he had no other intentions. Guo Si still disagreed.

As a result, Emperor Xian of Han refused to eat for several days, and Guo Si had no choice but to agree to let Emperor Xian go to a county near Hongnong first. After Emperor Xian arrived in Xinfeng, Guo Si sent his general Wu Xi to burn down the school where Emperor Xian was staying at night, forcing Emperor Xian to go to Gaoling.

After receiving the news, Attendant-in-Ordinary Zhong Ji secretly informed General Yang Ding, General Dong Cheng, and General Yang Feng, asking them to come to Xinfeng to meet him.

Knowing his plot had been exposed, Guo Si abandoned his army and fled into Zhongnan Mountain.

In October of the second year of Xingping (195 AD), Guo Si's henchmen Xia Yu and Gao Shuo plotted to kidnap Emperor Xian of Han and take him west, setting fires to create chaos. Yang Ding and Dong Cheng wanted to take Emperor Xian to Yang Feng's camp. (End of Chapter)