The six-dimensional pictures of emperors of all dynasties were exposed, and the ancestors panicked

Chapter 683: Ten Days in Yangzhou: The Three Massacres in Jiading
[After moving the capital to Beijing, Dorgon consulted with Han minister Fan Wencheng and made a series of decisions to manage the country and consolidate his regime.]

[These policies included enacting laws, rectifying the administration of officials, treating Ming officials well, restoring the imperial examination system, and allowing marriages between Manchus and Han people. However, these policies were not implemented for long before they were all changed back.]

[These policies that benefited the Han people affected the interests of the ruling class and caused dissatisfaction among the Eight Banners officers and soldiers and Manchu nobles. In order to maintain his power, Dorgon not only retracted the correct decisions, but also promulgated a series of new policies that angered the Han people.]

[Among them, two policies are particularly unpopular. ]

[On the fifth day of the sixth month of the second year of the Shunzhi reign, Dorgon tore up the order that was issued on the twenty-fourth day of the fifth month of the previous year when he first entered Beijing, which prohibited people from shaving their heads, and required all civil and military personnel, soldiers and civilians in all places to shave their heads within ten days.]

If you don't shave your hair, you will be considered disloyal and will be punished by military law with a serious crime, which is commonly known as "keep your head but not your hair, keep your hair but not your head."

[As soon as the order to shave one’s hair was issued, it immediately sparked fierce resistance from the people in Jiangnan who believed that “one’s hair and body are given by one’s parents”. The resistance from the people in Jiangyin and Jiading was the most fierce.]

[Jiading scholars Hou Dongzeng and Huang Chunyao rose up in Jiading to resist the Qing Dynasty.]

[On the first day of July, the two armies met in battle. Although the local "village army" had gathered more than 100,000 people, they were all a motley crowd.]

[Although Li Chengdong, the Ming general who surrendered, had less than 5,000 soldiers, they were all well-equipped and well-trained elite soldiers. Hou Huang's "local army" was defeated.]

[On the fourth day of the seventh month, Hou Dongzeng and his family drowned in a pond. Huang Chunyao and his brother Huang Yuanyao came to the monk's house in the west city and were about to commit suicide. At this time, the monks in the temple stopped him and said: You are not an official of the Ming Dynasty, you have no responsibility to defend the land, and you should not die.]

【Huang Chunyao said: The city was destroyed and people died, how can I not die? 】

[He left a suicide note: On the fourth day of the seventh month of the first year of Hongguang, Jinshi Huang Chunyao committed suicide in a monk's house west of the city. Alas! I can't contribute to the dynasty when I advance, and I can't keep myself clean when I retreat. I have gained little from reading, and I have made no progress in learning the Dao. I am restless and can't sleep. This is all I have in mind!]

……

Big man.

Liu Bang had four words to describe this kind of people.

"Foolish death."

"Ugh……"

He admired his calmness in facing death, but also felt sorry for his untimely birth!

As I said, Chongzhen is not worthy of it.

But they had no choice.

The shaving order is an attempt to dig up the root of the problem!

"You really have such low self-esteem."

Liu Bang threw away the big bone in his hand and wiped his greasy hands on his lapel.

He looked at the decree and sneered:
"It seems that their underlying attitude is not to choose sinicization like Emperor Wen of the Northern Wei Dynasty, but to suppress the Han people like the Yuan Dynasty."

Lu Zhi lowered her eyes slightly and said softly:
“When you can’t beat it, you should embrace it.”

"If you treat it as your enemy, then your potential enemy will eventually become your enemy."

Liu Bang picked up another roasted leg of lamb. He no longer needed to look at it.

“Same as the Ming Dynasty.”

"If the basic idea is to rule the Han with the Manchus, then the results of the Qing dynasty and the Ming dynasty would be no different."

“It will be even harder.”

"The Ming Dynasty was just on guard against the people rebelling."

"The Qing Dynasty..."

For a moment, Liu Bang really couldn't guess what methods the Qing Dynasty would use to guard against the people of the world.

Anyway, it won’t be worse than the Ming Dynasty.

……

[Li Chengdong entered the city and ordered the firing of cannons to massacre the entire city. Every small street and alley was searched thoroughly.]

[Whenever you meet someone, shout and offer your treasures. If the offering is not much, chop them three times in a row. If all the treasures are gone, kill them.]

[The whole city was filled with the sound of swordsmen slashing and howling, shaking the earth and the sky.]

[There were people hanging themselves from beams, jumping into wells, people with broken limbs, bloody faces, and countless people who were chopped alive but still alive, with their hands and feet still moving. Bones and flesh were scattered all over the ground.]

[Thousands of people drowned in the river.]

[Three days later, from Ximen to Gelong Town, the river was filled with floating corpses, and there was no place to put the boats.]

[The blood floats on the water surface, several centimeters higher.]

[Women with ugly appearances must be killed, and beautiful women must be captured alive and raped in public in the streets.]

[If anyone disobeys, his hands and feet will be nailed to the ground.]

[On the sixth day, Li Chengdong gathered more than 300 civilian ships and sailed to Taicang loaded with looted gold, silk, women, cattle, horses, pigs and sheep.]

[A few days later, more than 2,000 people returned to the city to collect the bodies, and in the process, they executed the officials sent by Hong Chengchou. Li Chengdong arrived one after another and killed all the people in the city again.]

[More than twenty days later, tens of thousands of people gathered in Jiading again, and once again drove out and killed the surrendered officials appointed by Hong Chengchou. So Li Chengdong attacked Jiading three times, killing everyone he met, regardless of age, and all the looted property was stored in Taicang.]

[Since the beginning of the sixth month of the intercalary year, Jiading spontaneously launched an uprising against the Qing dynasty. Within two months, more than ten battles of varying sizes took place, and more than 20,000 people died. This is known in history as the "Three Massacres of Jiading."]

[The fate of Jiading also triggered the second policy: if the people of any city were unwilling to obey the Qing Dynasty and dared to resist, they would be massacred.]

[These two policies directly and indirectly laid the groundwork for the subsequent suppression of the Han people and the national conditions that prevented the Han people from holding real military and political power.]

……

Qing Dynasty, Guangxu Period
Cixi looked at the sky and sneered:

"Humph, a Manchu noble."

As soon as I promoted a Han Chinese, that group of people jumped out and said that employing Han Chinese would destroy the 200-year-old rule of our ancestors!

But when they are asked to go to the front line to clean up the mess, they all pretend to be dead!

I just want to promote Zeng Guofan!
When I was weak, I was able to overthrow the Eight Ministers. Am I afraid of using Han people now that I am in power?!
"I can choose to give up, but I will never give up the choice!"

A sharp look flashed in Cixi's eyes.

"Prepare the decree!"

Li Lianying, who was standing by, bowed and listened.

"Tell Zeng Guofan."

"I know your abilities, and I am also very aware of your loyalty to the Qing Dynasty. There are really not many people like you who are both capable and loyal."

"From now on, I will leave the responsibility of suppressing bandits in the Qing Dynasty to you."

"I now appoint him as the imperial commissioner, in charge of the military and political affairs of the four provinces of Jiangsu, Zhejiang, Anhui and Jiangxi! All local civil and military officials, both big and small, are under your control! He is fully responsible for suppressing the bandits!" Li Lianying was shocked when he heard this!
The Four Provinces of Jiangnan?!
Did the Empress Dowager entrust half of the Jiangnan territory to Zeng Guofan?

Granting the Han people such important power was unprecedented since the founding of the Qing Dynasty. Even the King of Pingxi, who led the Qing into the country, only had military and political power in Yunnan and Guizhou provinces.

Has Karl Lagerfeld made up his mind not to take Mangui out to play?
……

{Li Chengdong was originally a general of the Ming army. After he surrendered to the Qing, he worked particularly hard and participated in the Yangzhou Ten-Day Massacre. He was also the main culprit of the Jiading Three Massacres.}
｛After that, Li Chengdong went south, first killed Emperor Longwu in Fujian, and then killed Emperor Shaowu in Guangzhou, making great contributions to the Qing Dynasty. In the fourth year of Shunzhi (1647), Li Chengdong was awarded the title of Governor of Guangdong and the title of Left Governor. He was originally thought to be the governor of Guangdong and Guangxi, but he didn't expect that it would be taken advantage of by Tong Yangjia, the general of the Han Eight Banners.｝
{Then Li Chengdong led his people to rebel against the Qing Dynasty and submit to the Yongli Emperor Zhu Youlang.}
……

The period of Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty
"They really deserve the official uniforms they wear."

Liu Che sneered:

"Civil officials are embroidered with birds, and military officials are embroidered with beasts."

"What a bunch of beasts in human clothing!"

"You are helping the tyrant to commit atrocities! You are an accomplice to the tiger!"

Hairstyle and clothing represent the cultural tradition and national spirit of the Han nationality!

If the Han people are asked to shave their heads like rat tails, how can they not rebel?

Liu Che glanced at the vicious soldiers in the sky again.

The little braids on their heads are so eye-catching.

……

｛Before that, there was the "Ten Days of Yangzhou". In the second year of the Shunzhi reign of the Qing Dynasty (1645), the Qing army marched southward. Shi Kefa, the commander of the Southern Ming army, led the entire city's army and civilians to defend the isolated city. After the city was captured on the th day of the fourth lunar month, the Qing army massacred for ten days. This is known in history as the "Ten Days of Yangzhou". See Wang Xiuchu's "Ten Days of Yangzhou". ｝
{Wang Xiuchu, a survivor at the time, wrote a book called "Ten Days in Yangzhou" based on his personal experience, which recorded in detail the atrocities committed by the Qing army in Yangzhou from April 25 to May 1.}
{“The sounds of killing were everywhere. Wherever there were the ringing of swords, there were dozens or even hundreds of people crying out in grief and begging for their lives. When a soldier arrived, no matter how many southerners there were, they all bowed their heads and prostrated themselves, offering their necks to the swords. No one dared to flee. As for the children, there were hundreds of people crying and wailing, shaking the earth, not to mention them. As the sun approached noon, the killing and looting became more severe, and the corpses piled up more and more. It was hard to hear and hard to see.” {
{It was not until the second day of May that officials were appointed, and "the number of corpses recorded in the cremation records was about 800,000."}
{According to the "Ten Days of Yangzhou" and the "Southern Records of the Late Ming Dynasty" by the late Ming historian Ji Liuqi, the massacre lasted for ten days, hence the name "Ten Days of Yangzhou".}
{If you go to the early Qing Dynasty and ask a bannerman what the Yangzhou Ten Days and the Jiading Three Massacres are, he will certainly enthusiastically explain to you: One year, the weather in Yangzhou was very strange, and ten suns appeared in the sky, attracting everyone to come out and see.}
{One year, the people of Jiading were craving for meat. They first killed all the chickens, then all the sheep, and finally all the pigs. They put them all in a big pot and cooked them. Everyone ate so much that they were almost stuffed to death.}
{It's like asking a Japanese if he knows about the Nanjing Massacre. He will only say that Nanjing is the capital of Jiangsu Province in China, and nothing else.}
{People don’t like to remember this kind of thing, because remembering it is like remembering that you are a bastard.}
……

Cao Wei.

Liu Bei's face turned purple with anger. His lips trembled and he gritted his teeth and said:
"Cao Mengde!"

"Do you think it's right to massacre the city?!"

Cao Cao looked at the sky with a sullen face, saying nothing.

But Liu Bei didn't want to endure it anymore.

When we drank plum wine together, it was for the great cause in the future.

Now he and others are all imprisoned, and the emperor has also issued an edict to the world to prepare for abdication.

Why are you still being so cautious?
"For the sake of the so-called great cause, the common people are treated like grass!"

"Do you think that if you know the future trend, the Wei Kingdom will be able to sit in peace?"

Liu Bei stood up, pointed his sword at Cao Cao's face and cursed:
"Xuzhou! Yongqiu! Pengcheng! Yecheng! Liucheng!"

"No one in these places will forget what you have done!"

"Since you've massacred the city, don't talk nonsense about the people of the world!"

"You do not deserve!"

After saying that, he flicked his sleeves and left.

Zhuge Liang followed behind.

But the gatekeeper not far away stopped the two of them.

Cao Cao looked at the sky with a gloomy face and said in a deep voice:
"Let them go."

Liu Bei walked away without even looking back.

Cao Cao continued to look at the sky.

This is a matter of empathy.

He also suddenly understood a little bit more about what Emperor Zhaolie of Han often said.

"Hans and thieves are at odds with each other."

……

In the third year of Yongzheng's reign (1725), the imperial court agreed to the application of the Jiading government and approved the conversion of the Hou family's ancestral hall into the "Three Loyalty Hall", which was dedicated to the three people, Hou Zhenyang, Hou Dongzeng, and Hou Qizeng. Clan sacrifices and public sacrifices were held every spring and autumn.
{Yongzheng was still in power, and the establishment of the Hou Family Three Loyalty Temple proved that the Hou family was officially recognized after defending the city against the Qing for 80 years.}
{It was Emperor Qianlong who brought the status of loyal ministers to the peak in the late Ming Dynasty.}
{It’s hard to say what Qianlong was like, but he did see himself as a descendant of Confucian sages, put moral education on the agenda, and vigorously praised loyal Ming officials, setting an example of "loyalty" for the world.}
{In the early years of Emperor Qianlong's reign, the Ming History, which took 40 years to compile, was completed. Among the anti-Qing figures in Jiading in the late Ming Dynasty recorded in the Ming History, only Hou Dongzeng and Huang Chunyao were specially listed in the biographies.}
｛It is worth noting that the biographies of the Hou Dongzeng family in the History of Ming Dynasty were written by Wang Wan, a friend of the Hou family. In his Draft Biographies of the History of Ming Dynasty, he wrote separate biographies for Hou Zhenyang, Hou Dongzeng, and Hou Qizeng, father and son, which are called the "Three Biographies of the Hou Family". ｝
{However, due to length limitations and topic taboos, as he himself expected, Hou Qizeng's biography was not included in the Ming History.}
{The biography of Hou Dongzeng includes the brothers Hou Xuanyan and Hou Xuanjie who died with their father and are remembered in history.}
{In the early years of Emperor Qianlong's reign, Jiading County compiled the county annals again. Among the list of 16 scholars who participated in the compilation, there were two descendants of the Hou family, namely Hou Tao, the son of Hou Kaiguo, and Hou Zhaoji, the grandson.}
{This time, not only Hou Dongzeng and Huang Chunyao were revered by the world, but other gentry who participated in the defense of the city were also praised, including the relatives of the Hou family Gong Yongguang, Gong Yongyuan, Gong Yonghou, and Gong Sunxuan, who were all enshrined in the Loyalty and Filial Piety Temple in the name of martyrdom for their country, and the women who died with their husbands were also enshrined in the Martyrs' Temple.}
{Although there is a suspicion of political show, Qianlong did not make any pretentious remarks on the Jiading incident.}
{It was also appointed by Emperor Qianlong. Those who had resisted the Qing Dynasty in the past began to be respected and received imperial titles. Those who had surrendered to the Qing Dynasty in the past all became "traitors" who could not turn over politically.}
……

Qing Dynasty and Qianlong period
Qianlong couldn't clearly explain what his mentality was.

The original intention was to make more people loyal to the Qing Dynasty as they were to the Ming Dynasty.

But I really look down on those traitors.

"Hey! Never mind him!"

Anyway, the major issues have been settled, and their descendants will not be able to cause any major trouble.

……

[During the process of taking control of the Central Plains, Dorgon repeatedly made military achievements, had the final say in the court, and gradually became the de facto ruler of the Qing Dynasty. ]

[During Dorgon's regency, he not only built the Prince Regent's Palace to be taller and more magnificent than the Imperial Palace, but also summoned civil and military officials to the Prince Regent's Palace every day to discuss matters. After making a decision, he would go to the court to hastily go through the motions. There was a constant stream of traffic in front of the Prince Regent's Palace, with officials at all levels coming and going.]

[Dorgon became increasingly arrogant and overbearing, and did not take the young Emperor Shunzhi seriously at all. He thought running around was too troublesome, so he simply moved the imperial seal used by Emperor Shunzhi to issue edicts back to the palace.]

[The young emperor's throne is about to fall.]

[On November 1650, the seventh year of Shunzhi (), Dorgon led the princes and ministers, the Eight Banners Gushan Ezhen, officers and soldiers to hunt outside the border.]

[On the 9th day of the twelfth month, the regent, Prince Rui, Dorgon, died in Kara City at the age of 39.]

[At that time, foreign missionaries speculated that "80% of the deaths were caused by injuries in a fall while hunting." Tan Qian's "Northern Travel Record" recorded that Dorgon had a knee injury at the time and died because of the wrong medicine.]

[As soon as Dorgon died, Prince Ying Ajige and Grand Secretary Ganglin started a struggle. ]

[Dorgon had summoned Ajige alone before his death. Ajige immediately sent 300 elite cavalrymen to the capital, but they were overtaken by Grand Secretary Ganglin.]

[Ganglin closed the city gates and strictly guarded against intruders. When Ajige and his elite cavalry entered the capital, he was under heavy surveillance by the Zheng Prince Jirgalang.]

[Shunzhi issued an edict to the whole country, ordering his subjects to change their clothes and mourn. When the coffin arrived in Beijing, he led all the civil and military officials to put on mourning clothes, went out to greet him five miles outside Dongzhimen, knelt down and offered three cups of wine, and cried loudly.]

[On the 20th, an imperial edict was issued to praise Dorgon's achievements in pacifying the Central Plains and his modesty, and that "funeral ceremonies at home and abroad should follow the emperor's rites."]

[On the 25th, Dorgon was posthumously honored as the Emperor of Great Virtue, Great Achievement, Great Merit, Peaceful People, Established Government, Sincere and Respectful, and Righteous, and his temple name was Chengzong.]

[The next day, he issued an order, ordering Grand Secretary Gang Lin and others to store all the letters and tokens in Dorgon's palace in the inner treasury, and ordered the Ministry of Personnel Vice Minister Suo Hong and others to take the reward books back to the palace. Then he removed Ajige, the Prince of Ying, Dorgon's confidant, on the charge of disrespecting Dorgon.]

[On the twelfth day of the first lunar month in the eighth year of Shunzhi (1651), Emperor Shunzhi announced that he would rule the country in person in the Hall of Supreme Harmony. He was fourteen years old at the time.]

(End of this chapter)