The six-dimensional pictures of emperors of all dynasties were exposed, and the ancestors panicked

Chapter 741 Qianlong's Achievements: World Order
The period of Emperor Jing of the Han Dynasty
"Ouch~ Very good~"

Little Liu Che said deliberately with a greasy mouth:
Veins on Liu Qi's forehead were throbbing.

I clenched my fists subconsciously.

He looked at little Liu Che with unfriendly eyes.

"You're full."

Little Liu Che said subconsciously:
"No."

Liu Qi doesn’t care whether you have it or not!
I am the emperor! I am also your father!

If I say you have it, you have it!
He grabbed little Liu Che by the collar and walked out.

"Eat and drink, then follow me to the fields to till the field!"

Little Liu Che:!!!

"No!!!!!"

……

Period of Emperor Guangwu of Yanhan Dynasty

Liu Xiu looked at the territory that had nearly doubled in size and muttered to himself:

"If it weren't for this grand martial arts achievement... Qianlong would have been ruined."

Liu Zhuang poured a glass of water for his father and mother, curled his lips and said:

"What's the use of being extremely smart and having brilliant martial arts skills if you don't use them on the right path?"

Liu Xiu took the cup of water without saying anything.

The only criticism of Qianlong was that he failed to carry on Yongzheng's ideas.

But think about it…

How many of those who are great in martial arts also love the people?

Liu Xiu took a sip.

There are only me and Emperor Taizong of Tang.

……

Qing Dynasty and Qianlong period
The old emperor's expression remained unchanged but he secretly breathed a sigh of relief.

Very... at least there is a guarantee...

Now it depends on what the upper limit is.

……

[Diplomatic strategy: a tough stance.]

[In the early Qing Dynasty, the emperors often considered the strength of both sides when paying tribute to foreign countries, and then decided how to view the other party's status and determined the etiquette of reception based on their status.]

[When these countries were weak, the Qing Dynasty required them to perform "tribute rites" of unequal status to establish the status of monarch and subject between the two sides.]

[When these countries became powerful, the Qing Empire treated their envoys with preferential treatment and adopted “guest etiquette” of equal status. ]

【From the exchanges between the Qing Dynasty and Russia, we know that Emperor Shunzhi regarded the Russian envoy Baikov as a tribute envoy according to the "tribute ceremony" plan, so he asked the Russian envoy to perform the "kneeling ceremony", but the Russian envoy insisted on parallel diplomatic relations, so Emperor Shunzhi expelled the Russian envoy and refused to receive him. 】

[Later, although Emperor Kangxi succeeded in getting the Russian envoy Nigolai to perform the "kneeling ceremony", he had already noticed that the "tribute ceremony" was not feasible in Russia.]

【Therefore, the policy towards Russia in the middle of Kangxi's reign had changed, especially due to the harassment of the Dzungar Khanate and the Sino-Russian border issue, which led both Emperor Kangxi and Emperor Yongzheng to adopt a policy of friendship with Russia.】

[The Russian envoys were treated favorably, and Russia was considered an enemy country. When entertaining the Russian envoys, they did not follow the "tribute ceremony" plan completely, and changed the audience ceremony of the Russian envoys. ]

[For example, the Russian credential was no longer presented on a yellow case, but was received in person by Emperor Yongzheng.]

【From this, we can see that Emperor Kangxi and Emperor Yongzheng understood that Russia was not a vassal state and could not impose "tribute ceremony" on them. They changed to "guest ceremony" to have equal exchanges with Russia, and handled Russian affairs through the Lifanyuan, negotiated with the Russian Privy Council, avoided the issue of the status of the Chinese emperor and the Russian tsar, signed a trade agreement, and made Russia no longer support the Dzungars. 】

……

Datang.

Li Shimin now began to consider a problem.

What Tianmu said is very telling.

To sum up, it can be summed up in just four words.

"Looking down on others..."

"Pride will lead to failure..."

Wei Zheng bowed slightly and said:

"Your Majesty's words hit the nail on the head for all the great leaders of the past dynasties."

"China is a country with vast territory and abundant resources."

"The culture values ​​land and tranquility, and advocates restraint."

“Because agriculture is emphasized over commerce, agricultural production is the only work that can create value.”

"After thousands of years, by the Ming and Qing dynasties, the surrounding small countries had surrendered one after another, and the Celestial Empire had formed a mentality that it was no longer possible to treat other countries equally."

“Yes, the country and the people are the same.”

Wei Zheng looked at Li Shimin who was listening attentively and said in a deep voice:

“No one likes people who act arrogantly.”

"The country does not like those who bully the weak."

Li Shimin couldn't help but interrupt Wei Zheng and said:

"What Wei Qing said is true, but the sky curtain shows the future."

"I assisted the small country but could not benefit from it."

"How can we break this?"

Wei Zheng smiled slightly and said softly:
"It's just that we treat each other with the same courtesy."

"Not by actual things."

"Even if I help... I have to take back the profits."

Fang Xuanling and the others beside him looked at each other and hesitated when they heard Wei Zheng's words:

"Minister Wei... this is a bit of a flattering statement."

Wei Zheng straightened up and answered generously:

"Tell me the truth, my friends. You don't like people who flatter you."

"But have you ever really had the slightest desire to hear soft words?"

Wei Zheng's words silenced Li Shimin, Fang Xuanling and others.

How could I not have thought about it?

They looked at Wei Zheng with a carefree gaze...

But isn't this you...

Why did he suddenly change his gender?

Fang Xuanling and Du Ruhui looked at each other.

There was a hint of understanding in their hearts, and then they said in unison:
"Minister Wei's words make sense."

Some people were still muttering that it was disrespectful.

Li Shimin glanced at those people and remained calm.

Wei Zheng remained silent again

……

[After the Dzungars were completely pacified, Qianlong readjusted relations with Russia, demanding that Russia should abide by the norms of "tribute ceremony" and forcing Russia to sign a new "Supplementary Provisions to the Treaty of Kyakhta" by closing border markets.]

[Insisting that China is superior to Russia, no longer allowing official Russian delegations to visit Beijing for negotiations, destroying the official records of the two times that Emperor Yongzheng sent envoys to Russia to propose marriage, covering up the fact that Emperor Kangxi and Emperor Yongzheng had regarded Russia as an enemy and treated it as a guest.]

[From the change in the policy towards Russia during the reign of Emperor Qianlong, we can see that the Qing Dynasty no longer recognized the existence of "enemies" and also abandoned the "guest etiquette" that emphasized equal status]

[It is no longer a flexible route where "guest ceremony" and "tribute ceremony" coexist. ]

[When foreign countries sent envoys to China, the Qing Dynasty adopted the "tribute ceremony" plan, requiring these countries to submit memorials and tributes, and treating their envoys as tribute envoys. ]

[Try to make these countries accept the political status of "tributary states" and become "foreign ministers" of the Qing emperor. ]

[However, when the Qing Dynasty was unable to force these foreign countries to submit to the emperor, pay tribute, and submit memorials, it regarded these countries as "foreigners" who were not subject to the emperor's education, severed political relations with these countries, and no longer tried to turn them into vassal states.]

[Only trade relations are allowed, and they are classified as "mutual trade countries" and use the mutual trade system. ]

【As a supplementary plan to the "tribute ceremony", it avoids the difficult issue of whether foreign countries should pay tribute, and leaves room for maneuver for countries that are not bound by the "guest ceremony". 】

[This way, there is no need to change the guest etiquette system, and foreign countries can be included in the "world order", thus solving the shortcomings in the implementation of the "world order". ]

[Evaluation level A, score 4 points]

……

{No wonder... So from the changes in the guest etiquette system, we can see why Qianlong insisted that the British envoy Macartney must perform the three kneeling and nine kowtows ceremony.}
{Because the fundamental reason is not a matter of vanity, but a matter of Qianlong’s political ideal and institutional design for “world order.”}
{…This guy is a natural born emperor…}
{I have never felt that an abstract concept can be so concrete!}

{He is simply a political master!}

{…Sometimes history is really unpredictable. The emperor who played politics the best in thousands of years happened to live in an era that needed institutional reform the most…}
{The King of England at that time was called George III. Although he was not as famous in history as Queen Victoria, he was actually quite remarkable. He led Britain to defeat France in the Seven Years' War.}
{The Seven Years' War lasted from 1756 to 1763, which is from the st to the th year of Emperor Qianlong's reign.}
{The purpose of the war was to seize colonies and compete for world hegemony, so the battlefield was not only in the European continent, but also in North America, Central and South America, India and the Philippines. The fighting was very brutal, so later British Prime Minister Churchill believed that this was the real First World War.}
{The result of the war was that Britain won.}
{Britain seized Canada, Florida, and much of India from the French.}
{From then on, Britain became the dominant maritime colonial power and was known as the Empire on which the Sun Never Sets.}
{In other words, this war marked the moment when Britain became the world's leading military power.}
{At this time, the Qing Dynasty still considered itself to be the center of the world, a civilized country, the so-called "Heavenly Kingdom".}
{The surrounding countries are all barbaric.}
{The most annoying thing is that they know everything but never thought of changing...they only think about "the billions of years of the Qing Dynasty"}
……

During the Song Dynasty and Renzong Period
Zhao Zhen understood where the point was deducted.

In the mind of the Celestial Empire, barbarian countries can be divided into two categories.

One type is those that understand things and are "eager to culturalize". They are willing to send people to pay tribute, express their submission, and learn advanced culture. This type of country is called a vassal state, or a vassal state or a tributary state.

The other category is uncivilized, and they do not understand the importance of learning from the "Heavenly Kingdom", and therefore do not pay tribute. These are called "barbaric countries". So whether it is from the ancient three dynasties, the prosperous Tang Dynasty, or the later Ming and Qing Dynasties.

There are still three worlds in everyone's mind.

The Celestial Empire is the only first world.

The vassal states are the second world.

Those countries that did not pay tribute were considered the Third World.

Now it seems that this natural and righteous world is wrong...

……

Ming Dynasty - Tianqi Period
Zhu Youxiao didn't want to admit it.

But he did understand Qianlong's thoughts.

Since the "Heavenly Khan", all dynasties have attached great importance to the number of vassal states.

Because "all nations come to pay tribute" and "the four barbarians submit" have always been important signs of successful rule!
It is an important achievement that the emperor is most proud of!
"Achievements..."

The four words "great talent and strategy" have blinded the eyes of many heroes.

"But where is England?"

Zhu Youxiao shook his neck and raised his head from the feng shui map.

“Why can’t I find it?”

Wei Zhongxian whispered:

"Your Majesty, do you want to ask those red-haired foreigners? They should know."

Zhu Youxiao waved his hand and said:

"I'll leave this matter to you."

"And I also asked about France... South America... all these messy places."

Wei Zhongxian nodded, and finally couldn't help but said:
"Your Majesty, do you intend to open the sea?"

Zhu Youxiao paused, then slowly turned his head to look at Wei Zhongxian, raised his eyebrows and said:

"The position of the Three Treasures has been vacant for a long time."

"Diligent."

A hint of joy appeared on Wei Zhongxian's brows.

"Slave, let's do it now!"

Zhu Youxiao calmly watched Wei Zhongxian's receding figure.

"You have a wild heart..."

……

Qing Dynasty, Kangxi Period
"This country is located in the north of the Western Ocean and northwest of the Celestial Empire. Its name is England."

Kangxi listened to what the eunuch conveyed to the missionary and fell into deep thought.

He knew about France... He knew about those steam engines and things.

But this UK...

How come I haven’t heard of it before?
It seems that the two countries are not far apart...

"Ask the Ministry of Revenue to bring us all the foreign trade invoices since the founding of the country."

Kangxi planned to check the trade relations.

After all, money doesn't lie.

……

【People's livelihood economy: Qianlong's people's livelihood can be divided into two stages. 】

[One is the "prosperous" stage, the other is the "prosperous collapse" stage]

[During the first prosperous period, both handicrafts and commerce were very developed.]

[Although it entered the so-called "golden age", due to the long-term land annexation and the corruption of the feudal ruling class and its exploitation and oppression of the people. ]

【The resistance struggle of people of all ethnic groups is also developing rapidly.】

In August of the 1774th year of Emperor Qianlong's reign (), due to "poor harvests and additional taxes imposed by local officials", the people could not survive, and the leader of the Qingshui Sect, Wang Lun, revolted.

[The rebel army successively conquered Shouzhang, Tangyi, and Yanggu, and wherever they went, they did not harm anyone.]

【“We win the hearts of the people, do not kill or plunder, and exchange all food for a price. If a thief eats a pear and gives us a small amount of money, we will kill him immediately and pay him double. As a result, the ignorant common people all think that the thief is harmless, and those who have a little knowledge also try to live in peace and do not think of staying away.” 】

[The common people supported the rebels in their fight, "following the rebels, cutting grass, grinding flour, cooking for them, and serving willingly."]

……

On the canopy.

A group of women wearing scarves and holding double swords engaged in street fighting with Qing soldiers.

Qing soldiers armed with firearms fired at the surrounding houses.

As the flames spread, bricks, tiles and rubble came out of the house.

……

[The rebels conquered the old city of Linqing, but could not take the new city after a long siege.]

【At that time, the canal was empty and the grain ships were blocking the bridge and lock, so no progress could be made.】

[The rebels organized boatmen to help in the battle, and gathered grain ships to form a floating bridge, intending to advance northward.]

[In September, Shuhede led a large number of troops from Beijing to the city. The rebels were outnumbered and held the old city, fighting desperately.]

[“They resisted fiercely, and everyone fought with all their might, with women even holding knives to meet the enemy.”]

[There was a woman called Wu Sanniang, a native of Yanzhou, about twenty years old, pretty and charming, strong and skilled in martial arts.]

[Her husband was a wrestler, commonly known as a horse-riding and weapon-selling man. He and Sanniang used their skills to travel between Chu and Yu to make a living, and Sanniang's skills were actually better than her husband's.]

[I once suffered from an ulcer, and met Wang Lun who treated me and cured me. I refused to be treated, but Wang Lun helped me with money.]

[Sanniang was grateful for his kindness and was willing to be his adopted daughter. After her husband died, she lived with his family.]

[Wang Lun defeated Shouzhang in various battles, and Sanniang followed him, and even brought along more than ten people who had sold weapons with him that day]

[When the city was broken and Wang Lun was surrounded by enemy soldiers, "Sanniang led the other girls to fight in the streets. In close combat, the other girls died one after another. Sanniang wielded two blades alone, able to shield herself from the arrows. Suddenly, she jumped onto the roof on her horse, and from the roof to the building... The government troops surrounded her three times, aiming arrows and cannons at her, but Sanniang raised her sleeves and danced, and in the end no one could hurt her."]

The rebels "remained in the house and held on. The walls were strong and the path was narrow, so the soldiers set it on fire. The bandits climbed up the house and fired their guns, threw tiles, and waved red flags to the bandits without saying a word."

[The Qing army Yin Jitu found out where Wang Lun was exactly, and led the vanguard Bengartu and others into the house and captured Wang Lun. While he was tying him up, dozens of insurgents suddenly appeared from both sides and rushed forward. Yin Jitu was caught off guard and was stabbed. The insurgents managed to snatch Wang Lun away from the desperate situation.]

[Although Wang Lun escaped danger for a while, the situation worsened and he finally set himself on fire, "refusing to surrender."]

【After the uprising failed, the Qing army carried out a bloody massacre, "even children were not spared."】

……

Ming dynasty.

Zhu Yuanzhang looked at the last sentence and fell silent.

"Don't put your head on your belt..."

Queen Ma looked at the women holding long swords and sighed.

Zhu Biao now understood why Qianlong had expanded the scope of "literary inquisition" so much.

“The spirit of loyalty and righteousness does not depend on words.”

"Qianlong made a wrong move."

……

[In 1946 and 1949, the Salar and Hui people in Xunhua, Gansu Province, led by Su Sisan and Tian Wu, revolted.]

【The Hui Muslim uprising in Gansu left a glorious page in history.】

[The Qing dynasty paid a heavy price to suppress this uprising, "more than 20,000 soldiers" and "more than one million yuan" in military expenditures.]

[Secret societies were also popular in various places, and civil unrest and rent resistance occurred frequently, but the largest scale was the largest and most extensive peasant uprising in Taiwan's history launched by Lin Shuangwen in the 53rd year of Qianlong's reign.]

【Combining the side descriptions recorded by the British, it can be seen that the Qianlong "golden age" had little to do with the governance of people's livelihood. 】

[Evaluation C level, 2 points]

……

Qing Dynasty, Jiaqing Period
Jiaqing's eyelids twitched.

Although he also looks down on the old man...but isn't this score too low?
...After all, there is still a lot of money in the treasury, right?

Jiaqing thought again about where the money came from...

"never mind……"

……

I originally planned to write more about why the various ethnic groups revolted...

But it is better to quit while we are ahead and just know that this thing happened.

……

I may have to take a day off tomorrow.

Because Qianlong has not yet decided what to give.



(End of this chapter)