The six-dimensional pictures of emperors of all dynasties were exposed, and the ancestors panicked

Chapter 751 Tea

{It was not only the highlight of Emperor Daoguang, but also the last highlight of the Eight Banners Army.}
{Seventeen years later, the Khoja tribe launched another large-scale rebellion, the "Rebellion of the Seven Khojas"}
{At the end of July in the 1847th year of Daoguang's reign (), the leader of the Seven Khojas, Kata Tiaole, led more than a thousand cavalrymen from the Kokand Khanate, captured Kashgar and surrounded Kashgar Hancheng and Yingjishaer.}
{After hearing the news, Emperor Daoguang sent Yishan as the Minister of Counsellor to lead more than 5,000 Qing troops from northern Xinjiang to quickly march south, passing through Yarkand from Aksu, and defeated the rebels in Yingjishaer.}
{Katatule and others saw that the situation was not good, plundered a large number of people and property in Kashgar, and fled back to the Khanate of Kokand. The Qing army recaptured Kashgar at the end of September, and the "Seven Khoja Rebellion" was put down.}
{Daoguang twice suppressed the rebellion of the Khoja tribe in Xinjiang, consolidated the policies of Qianlong, and effectively maintained the unity of our country's territory. This is his achievement.}
{otherwise……}
{Zhu Di (drawing his sword): Yes...what a saintly grandson!}
{So, to Qianlong, Daoguang was also a good grandson.}
……

Ming Dynasty Yongle Period
Zhu Di glanced at the sky.

"Zhanji has done two things wrong while in office."

"One is that the fruits of his five northern expeditions matured during his reign, but he was unwilling to take advantage of others' misfortune and failed to pick the ripe fruits."

"The second is the loss of Annan. Because of these two things, he basically lost the chance to be a wise ruler."

Empress Xu poured him a cup of tea and whispered:

"We can't always use territory as a criterion for whether a ruler is wise, right?"

"The reign of Emperor Wen of Han was far inferior to that of Emperor Wu of Han."

"But who dares to say that Emperor Wen of Han was not a wise ruler?"

Zhu Di took the fragrant tea from Empress Xu, took a sip, and exhaled slowly, saying:

"It is indeed undesirable to use territory as the most important, or even the only, indicator of whether a monarch is strong or not."

"But Tianmu uses this as an indicator. What can you do about it?"

"Emperor Wen of the Han Dynasty... Among hundreds of emperors, how many Emperor Wens of the Han Dynasty are there?"

There was silence in the hall for a moment.

……

Ming Dynasty and Xuande period
Zhu Zhanji flicked his sleeves and said impatiently:
"I've already said that the situation is completely different!"

"Didn't you Annan take it down too?"

"Don't I want to take it?"

Doesn’t that mean there is financial support?
Fortunately, I didn't take it at the beginning. If I had taken it, Zhu Qizhen would have attacked me from both the north and the south.

Daming died suddenly on the spot!

……

Qing Dynasty and Qianlong period
Qianlong had no expression on his face.

His Highness and his ministers seemed to have heard nothing and continued to state the pros and cons of England's entry into the capital.

Why don’t you celebrate the stability of Xinjiang?
Is there anyone in this court who is stupid?
What does Wansui value most today?
Is Qian Gang the sole decision maker?
Those ministers before him have almost made Emperor Daoguang into a fool, and now you are going to celebrate your victory?
What? Are you tired of living?
Playing irony?
Take a break!
……

On the canopy

The morning light is slightly dew.

The Hall of Supreme Harmony was filled with darkness, and a sea of ​​red-topped peacock feathers.

A shocking change began from then on.

"Using China's useful wealth to fill the endless pits overseas, exchanging these harmful things for things that harm people, gradually becomes a worry for the sick country!"

"Day after day, year after year, I wonder where he is?"

……

[The tenth day of the fourth month of the eighteenth year of Daoguang’s reign (1838)]

[Honglu Temple Minister Huang Juezi submitted the famous "Please Strictly Block the Leaky Cup to Strengthen the National Foundation", which comprehensively proposed the proposal to ban opium. ]

……

Tang Dynasty and Emperor Gaozu's period
Li Yuan was wrapped in a red brocade quilt embroidered with winged horses and gold patterns, and sat up slightly.

"Opium, I want to see what it is."

Li Shimin was good at writing.

"I'll write it."

Li Jiancheng prepared the paper.

"I'll draw it."

……

[To explain opium, we need to explain why Britain used opium to open the door to China. ]

【Why did you choose to open the door to China? 】

[And, the collision of two consciousnesses. ]

……

A world map appeared on the sky.

On the map, China sits securely in the center.

Like an old man enjoying his retirement, he is oblivious to worldly affairs.

But around the old man, the intricate sea routes are intertwined into an impenetrable network.

This web covers the entire world.

Only the old man was not among them.

……

[The 1275th year of the Yuan Dynasty ()]

[Marco Polo came to China with his merchant father and uncle, and lived and served as an official in China, Annan, Myanmar and other places. ]

[After returning to his country, he copied and circulated the book "The Travels of Marco Polo" based on his oral narration. ]

[He boasted about his travels in the East, telling people that the East was a world full of gold, with countless gems and pearls.]

……

Great Yuan·Shizu Period
Kublai Khan stroked his beard.

Why does this give me a sense of déjà vu of the origin of all things?

"What do you think? Should I also go on a western expedition?"

Everyone in the hall looked at each other.

"Your Majesty, please take another look."

Kublai Khan nodded.

Look again, these three words have profound meanings.

Go and figure it out.

……

[From the 15th to the 16th century, as the world's first capitalist handicraft workshops appeared in Europe, production levels improved significantly, social division of labor became increasingly detailed, and nascent capitalism, as the antithesis of feudalism, began to enter the historical stage.]

……

Big man.

"What does it say?"

Liu Bang frowned and looked at Lu Zhi, then tickled his ears.

"Why can't Naigong understand?"

Lü Zhi still knew a little about doing business, and said uncertainly:

"This seems to mean that merchants are confronting the imperial power?"

Liu Bang touched his chin and pretended to be thoughtful.

Merchants versus emperors?

Ming Dynasty?
……

{In order to quickly complete primitive accumulation, capitalism began to cruelly deprive farmers of their land and turn them into proletarians from the very beginning, and carried out brutal colonial expansion abroad to plunder wealth and open up markets.}
{Whether it is a capitalist country, a capitalist, or even today's self-employed, if they want to quickly accumulate a large amount of original capital, the means are extremely similar.}
{We have always been taught that "a gentleman loves money, but he gets it in a proper way", but it is extremely difficult for ordinary people to obtain the original capital to turn their lives around by following the right path.}
……

Liu Bang clapped his hands, which scared Lu Zhi.

"This one, Nai Gong understands!"

"Gather the wealth of the world and use it for your own benefit."

……

【Marx believed that colonial plunder was the main factor of primitive accumulation. 】

[Marco Polo's description drew the attention of the emerging colonialists to the East, making them yearn for the Eastern world full of gold with infinite greed.]

……

Great Qin.

Ying Zheng instinctively dislikes the word greed.

"It's like we're prey."

The others also frowned.

They suppressed their unhappiness and quickly recorded the pictures and information on the sky on white silk.

We'll talk about everything later.

……

A book with intricate writing on it was turned page by page.

It is converted into the language of each dynasty and also includes a large number of pictures.

……

【The development of science and technology also provided the necessary conditions for the colonists' adventurous voyages. 】

[Ptolemy's Geography was translated into Latin, and the theory of the spherical earth attracted people's attention, which led to a significant change in people's concept of regions.]

【Secondly, the compass invented by the Chinese had also been introduced to Europe at this time, providing a direction pointer for long-distance sea voyages.】

[Multi-masted, light, fast sailing ships also appeared in Europe at this time, making long sea voyages possible.]

【Thus, European colonists began a series of voyages and expeditions. 】

……

Through the storm.

The Pinta's lookout (Juan Rodríguez Bermejo) sees what is now a green archipelago from the mast.

He shouted excitedly:

"There is land! There is land!"

Before the voice had fallen, a group of imageless people rushed onto the deck.

They squinted their eyes and looked into the distance.

Then they hugged each other and cheered loudly.

……

[In the fifth year of the Hongzhi reign of the Ming Dynasty, in 1492 AD, Columbus crossed the Atlantic Ocean and arrived at the Bahamas in the east of America.]

[In 1492, when Emperor Xiaozong of the Ming Dynasty issued the "Sea Ban", Columbus discovered the New World of America, and the European Age of Exploration began. ]

[At the same time, the Renaissance was in full swing, and the emerging commercial cities composed of free citizens became the new hope of Europe. ]

[Western historical works often regard 1500 as the beginning of the "great divergence" between Eastern and Western civilizations.]

... {In the orthodox economic history of China, there has never been a place for pirates.}
{However, modern historical data have found that it was illegal piracy that led to the prosperity of trade in the South Pacific since the 16th century.}
{According to the research of scholar Yan Zhongping, pirate merchants brought a large amount of Chinese goods to Manila, and then sold them to Europe and America through Spanish merchants.}
{At the same time, they also transported large quantities of silver produced in Japan and Mexico back to the Chinese market, forming an important link in the global circulation of commodities and silver.}
{However, since the Ming Dynasty, China has gradually faded from the global map, and finally became an inland empire that closed its doors to the outside world.}
……

[In the 1498th year of the Hongzhi reign of the Ming Dynasty ( AD), the Portuguese explorer Vasco da Gama sailed around the Cape of Good Hope at the southern tip of Africa and arrived at the port of Calicut on the southwest coast of the Indian peninsula.]

……

Ming Dynasty·Chenghua Period
Zhu Jianshen flipped through the nautical chart at hand and became angry as he read it!
Who are you angry with?

Angry at his damn dad!

If it weren't for his father's sin...

The more I think about it, the angrier I get!

……

Ming Dynasty, Hongzhi Period
The corner of Zhu Youtang's mouth twitched.

Why do you feel so weird?

It's like two completely unmatched things were sewn together...

"If there is no sea ban... you have to send troops and money to fight pirates for me..."

Send troops and pay money...

Zhu Youtang thought of the Zhang brothers and then of Heshen.

Can we actually refer to Qianlong’s ideas?

Based on his understanding of the two brothers.

In the end, there must have been a lot of disrespectful things done.

"The weather is nice, it's time to raise pigs..."

……

[In the 1519th year of the Zhengde reign of the Ming Dynasty and the first year of the Jiajing reign, 1522- AD, the Portuguese Magellan's fleet completed a circumnavigation of the earth.]

[In 1519, Magellan was sent by King Charles I of Spain to lead five ships across the Atlantic Ocean to the west, bypass the southern tip of America and enter the Pacific Ocean, and continue sailing west.]

[On March 1521, 3, he arrived at Monhong Island in the southern part of the Philippine Islands and confirmed the theory of the spherical earth.]

[This not only has great significance in the scientific history of human understanding of the universe and the earth, but also opened the way for the extensive expansion of Western colonialism in the Eastern world in the future.]

[The success of the navigators and explorers convinced the colonialists that the vast oceans could no longer block their dreams of seeking treasures and plundering wealth overseas.]

【From then on, European colonialists set foot on every corner of the earth. 】

……

｛Portugal and Spain were the first countries to carry out overseas colonial activities and engaged in fierce competition.｝
{While the Portuguese were expanding their colonies southward along the west coast of Africa, the Spanish also crossed the Atlantic Ocean and arrived at the American continent, where they launched a series of colonial activities.}
{Portugal and Spain brutally massacred local residents in Africa and America respectively, and plundered a large amount of wealth. The colonialists' greed for aggression grew.}
In 1511, the Portuguese not only established their colonial rule over the southwest coast of the Indian Ocean, cut off the commercial ties between the Arabs and India and Indonesia, and monopolized the trade between the Western world and the East, but also conquered Malacca in the southwest of the Malay Peninsula, controlling the throat from the Indian Ocean to the Pacific Ocean and approaching China's southern gate.
{At that time, China was in the sixth year of the Zhengde reign of the Ming Dynasty.}
{When Portugal and Spain were carrying out their colonial expansion, China was in the middle of the Ming Dynasty and was not inferior to either of them.}
……

Ming Dynasty and Zhengde Period
Zhu Houzhao watched the sailors howling with excitement as they braved the wind and waves and finally sailed around the world.

He looked at the time of the sixth year of Zhengde again.

Grinning and saying:

"The year they sailed around the world, I collapsed."

“It’s also because of the water.”

"What a fate."

Zhu Houcong, who was drawing a sea chart, almost fell to his knees.

How can you say that!

Zhu Houzhao waved his hand and said nonchalantly:

"Don't worry about this kind of thing."

"Ugh……"

Zhu Houzhao looked at the sky and suddenly sighed:

"Since then, the king and his subjects have been entangled in endless disputes..."

"us……"

Thousands of words finally turned into a long sigh.

……

[In the Western world, compared with old colonial powers such as Portugal, Spain, and the Netherlands, Britain came into contact with China relatively late.]

[Although British merchants organized Chinese companies and formed expedition teams as early as the fourth year of the Wanli reign of the Ming Dynasty (1576 AD) to open up trade routes to the East and China, they returned without success for decades.]

[Its only indirect contact with China was through the East India Company, which was founded in the 1600th year of the Wanli reign of the Ming Dynasty ( AD).]

[Then Britain's economic strength gradually strengthened, becoming a maritime power second only to the Netherlands, while the old colonizers such as Portugal and Spain began to decline. ]

[In the eighth year of the Chongzhen reign of the Ming Dynasty (1635 AD), the Governor of Portugal and the British East India Company concluded a free trade agreement with China, and the British East India Company obtained the right to trade in Portuguese colonies.]

[In the 1644th year of the Chongzhen reign of the Ming Dynasty ( AD), the Qing army entered the pass, the Ming Dynasty perished, and the Qing Dynasty was established. ]

[Bourgeois revolution also began in Britain, and capitalist production relations and political systems were gradually established.]

[They started the Industrial Revolution. Various machines such as looms, spinning machines, water-powered spinning machines, automatic looms, steam engines, etc. appeared and were completed one after another. The popularization and promotion of mechanized production further promoted the development of capitalist production.]

……

{This is not intuitive, so I'll give you some data.}
{In 1700, Britain's coal production was 1795 million tons, which increased to 1836 million tons in and million tons in .}
{By 1839, Britain's coal production was three times greater than that of France, Belgium, and Prussia combined.}
{The output of pig iron also increased from more than 1740 tons in 1800 to 1840 tons in , and further increased to million tons in !}

{The amount of cotton used in the mechanical spinning industry also increased from more than 1760 tons in 1841 to more than tons in .}
{From 1830, Britain began to build railways on a large scale. In 20 years, it built nearly kilometers of railways. It became the supplier of machinery to countries around the world at that time.}
{That’s why we always say industrialization, industrialization, we must industrialize!}

{I almost don’t recognize the word ton anymore…How do you convert tons?}
{Two thousand jin is one ton.}
……

Qing Dynasty, Jiaqing Period
Jiaqing felt dizzy when looking at these data.

In the early years of Yongzheng's reign, Yunnan produced 800,000 to 900,000 kilograms of copper each year. By the fifth year of Yongzheng's reign, the output had risen to more than 4 million kilograms.

In the 37th year of Qianlong's reign, there were 46 copper mines in Yunnan Province, with 700,000 miners, and the annual copper production reached more than 10 million kilograms.

In line with the increase in copper production, lead production has also increased significantly.

During the Qianlong period, Guizhou province alone produced more than 14 million kilograms of black lead.

Millions of tons of coal are transported each year.

But compared to this...

“It’s a world of difference.”

……

[The rapid development of mechanized large-scale production has greatly stimulated the desire of British businessmen to expand product sales markets and raw material production areas.]

【Overseas colonial aggression is the only choice for the British bourgeoisie to satisfy its desire.】

[In the process of overseas colonial expansion, Britain, like the Netherlands, basically adopted the method of organizing commercial monopoly companies to expand overseas markets and plunder raw materials.]

[In the 1757nd year of Emperor Qianlong's reign in the Qing Dynasty ( AD), the British army defeated Bengal in the Battle of Plassey and occupied the richest region in India.]

【Laid the foundation for Britain's colonial rule throughout the Far East.】

……

Datang.

Li Shimin, Fang Xuanling and others stared at each other in wide eyes.

Wei Zheng hesitated and said:
"Isn't this...not good?"

Several people looked at him in unison.

Say what?

You were the first to mention imitating the Han envoys!

Wei Zheng understood the emotions in their eyes and for the first time was speechless.

"We, the great Tang Dynasty...cannot be so shameless..."

Li Shimin interrupted him and said bluntly:
"It's okay, I've lived a long life!"

Several people immediately looked sideways.

What are you talking about!

If you live long enough... you can actually suppress the voices of opposition.

……

[This is different from the blatant military occupation in India.]

[In its colonial expansion policy towards China, Britain chose to send an embassy to visit China and negotiate with the Qing Dynasty in order to remove the obstacles to British goods entering the Chinese market.]

[After the failure of the Macartney Mission, the British authorities turned to the use of force to expand into China. They sent troops to invade China twice, in the seventh year of Jiaqing (1802) and the twelfth year of Jiaqing (1807), with the intention of seizing Macau from the Portuguese as a long-term strategy, but both attempts ended in failure.]

[In the 1815th year of Jiaqing (), Britain once again sent Amherst as ambassador to visit China. ]

[The two sides had a dispute over the etiquette of the audience. As a result, Amherst and his party were expelled from Beijing by Jiaqing, and their diplomatic mission came to naught.]

[The British authorities repeatedly sent envoys and troops to expand commercial trade with China.]

[The products that Britain used to trade with China at that time, such as machine-made cotton cloth, woolen cloth, feather yarn and some metal products, were never able to be sold in China due to their high prices.]

[At the same time, China's traditional self-sufficient natural economy was not heavily dependent on commodity trade, which also constituted a huge obstacle to the entry of British goods into China.]

【However, Chinese specialties, such as silk, tea, lacquerware, and porcelain, are welcomed by the West due to their excellent quality.】

……

On the canopy.

A group of men in tuxedos and top hats wandered around the tables covered with china.

A man used a Chinese tea set to brew tea for everyone.

Several ladies sat together, pointing at the exquisite fabrics on their bodies and talking about something.

Without exception, everyone held a white porcelain cup in their hands.

It contains tea mixed with milk.

……

【Tea accounts for a large proportion of China's trade exports to Britain.】

【Between the 1760th and 1764th years of Emperor Qianlong’s reign (8-), Britain exported tea worth taels of silver from China, accounting for % of the total value of its exports from China.】

[From the fifth to the ninth year of Daoguang's reign (1825-1829), Britain exported an average of taels of tea from China each year.]

【Accounting for 94% of the total value of British exports from China.】

[Tea not only brought huge profits to the East India Company, but also enabled Britain to obtain huge tax revenues.]

【Tea not only became a necessity in the daily life of the British people, but also an important source of profit for the East India Company and the British nation.】

[However, this also caused a huge trade deficit between China and Britain. ]

[In order to balance the payment when distributing Chinese goods, British merchants had to ship in large quantities of silver to make up for the shortfall.]

[This trade situation is in sharp conflict with the needs of the expansion of Britain's capitalist economy.]

[The British government’s goal of expanding trade with China through diplomatic channels could not be achieved, and the East India Company was unable to bring goods from Britain that would be welcomed by the Chinese.]

【Chinese tea, cloth and other commodities have become necessities in Britain and important sources of profit for the British state and the East India Company. Britain is eager to change this long-standing trade deficit with China.】

【As a result, British merchants, represented by the East India Company, began to reveal their colonialist faces, openly importing large quantities of opium into China and engaging in opium trade with China.】

(End of this chapter)