The rise of a great power: starting with military industry

The Yang-Mills equation is an important differential equation, which refers to the Euler-Lagrange equation determined by the Yang-Mills action.

Yang's theory is a gauge theory based on the SU(N) group, or more generally, a compact, semi-simple Lie group. Yang–Mills field theory aims to describe the behavior of elementary particles using these non-Abelian Lie groups and a unified core of the electromagnetic and weak forces (i.e., U(1) × SU(2)) and the strong force (based on SU(3)) of quantum chromodynamics.

This formed the basis for people's understanding of the Standard Model of particle physics.

In 1954, Yang Zhenning and Mills jointly proposed the "Yang-Mills field theory", which opened up a new research field of non-Abelian gauge fields, laid the most basic principles and equations for the subsequent development of the entire particle physics, and laid the foundation for modern gauge field theory (including electroweak unification theory, quantum chromodynamics theory, grand unified theory, gauge theory of gravitational field, etc.).

The Yang-Mills equation was cited by mathematician S. Donaldson, leading to a major breakthrough in topology.

Yang-Mills field theory can be said to be a very great achievement.

But there is a problem: the Yang-Mills equation has not been proven so far.

In other words, all of this is not real, but exists in hypothesis.

No one knows whether the Yang-Mills equation is correct!

If the Yang-Mills equation is correct, then the theory built on it will be fine. If the Yang-Mills equation is incorrect, then the entire modern gauge field theory will collapse.

The foundation is wrong, so how can the conclusion be correct?
It is precisely because of the importance of the Yang-Mills equation that in 2000 it was included in the Millennium Prize Problem, also known as the world's seven greatest mathematical problems. It was announced by the Clay Mathematics Institute in the United States on May 2000, 5. The solver who solves any one of them can receive a prize of $24 million.

The seven most difficult mathematical problems in the world, in addition to the Yang-Mills equation, include the Hodge conjecture, the Poincare conjecture, the Riemann hypothesis, the P and NP problem, the NS equations, and the Dale conjecture!
If he wants to achieve controlled nuclear fusion, many theoretical aspects need to be resolved.

We must know both the facts and the reasons behind them.

So he had more things to think about, such as how to unify the nuclear forces! ?
Or, how can mechanics be unified! ?
According to the viewpoints of quantum field theory and quantum chromodynamics, the four fundamental forces and traditional particles can be unified.

Among them, Yang-Mills theory is an obstacle that cannot be avoided, and Yang-Mills equations must also be overcome.

Now that we have conquered this problem, it will have a huge impact on theoretical physics!

This achievement alone is enough to sweep the subsequent world physics awards and world mathematics awards.

Of course, Liu Tao did not tell Liu Ziyu about things that were too profound, because it would be useless to tell him!
Even doctoral students in related majors would be confused by this kind of thing, let alone students in non-related majors like Liu Ziyu.

Every other line is like a mountain!
Even if they are in the same industry but different research fields, there is still a huge gap between them.

Just like Qin Shaofeng, he doesn't specialize in the field of differential equations and won't interrupt.

Scholars will have a better understanding of these things.

After strolling around, at around ten o'clock in the evening, everyone returned to the courtyard.

The capital city has long banned the use of firecrackers and fireworks. Although some people still set them off secretly, it has not become a large-scale practice.

The last time it was set off in the city was during the Olympic Games.

If you want to watch the New Year's Eve fireworks show, you have to go to the suburbs, where there are organized and concentrated fireworks to form a fireworks show.

Young people will go to watch it, but Liu Tao and others are already past that age.

Liu Ziyu and his wife did not return to their own house, but stayed in Liu Tao's courtyard.

As the richest man in China, Liu Ziyu also owns a villa and a courtyard house in Beijing.

But when Liu Ziyu returns to Beijing, he always stays at Liu Tao's place, because it is popular here. Where parents are, that is home!

"Brother, will the economic crisis pass this year?" Liu Ziyu asked.

Although this economic crisis has no impact on the Internet industry, on the contrary it has further promoted the development of the Internet industry. However, as the current vice chairman of the All-China Federation of Industry and Commerce and vice chairman of the National Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference, Liu Ziyu could not help but pay attention to the audience economy.

Liu Ziyu knows more about the current global economic situation than ordinary people.

In Europe, for example, five countries have high deficit rates, and the economic crisis has triggered a debt crisis, so much so that they are ridiculed as the "Five Pigs of Europe." These "Five Pigs of Europe" are all developed countries.

As a result, only Greece has received a lot of funds and is doing okay because of the historical friendship between the two sides and as a fulcrum for Chinese products to enter Europe. Portugal, Ireland, Italy and Spain are in a miserable situation.

Portugal and Spain accepted a large number of African refugees in the past, and the consequences are now emerging. Due to the economic crisis, the entire social security has deteriorated rapidly.

Italy, on the other hand, is having a hard time now because it is not in the Franco-German alliance but is on the side of the United States.

Now the entire European Union is in chaos because of this crisis.

The economic integration that was originally harmonious has now become a false alarm, with many internal problems to be solved.

Japan and South Korea are also facing a huge crisis.

As for Australia, it is currently in trouble because of Japanese immigrants.

The impact of the economic crisis on Australia is equally huge.

Although Australia was very tough and unwilling to accept refugees from Southeast Asia, it eventually accepted tens of millions of refugees.

These tens of millions of refugees have had a huge impact on Australia.

Because these refugees are lazy and greedy, they are not the immigrants Australia wants at all.

At that time, Australia had a population of less than 2000 million, but as a result, the number of refugees from Southeast Asia entering Australia reached 4000 million.

Coupled with the millions of Japanese immigrants, the situation made the native white Australians feel full of crisis.

Originally, everyone agreed that they were allies and on the same front to balance the Chinese and overseas Chinese. But, my goodness, the Japanese immigrants are going to create a country within a country!
Because of this, Australians have often cursed the Japanese internationally, believing that the Japanese have ulterior motives.

Look at which country's immigrants gather together to build communities, and then there are community hospitals, community schools, community shopping malls, and even the security guards are veterans and they all carry guns.

They even held their own election, and even the local police were refused entry to investigate.

Moreover, the Japanese have bought so much land in Australia, what are they trying to do! ?

This economic crisis swept across Australia, directly exacerbating Australia's internal conflicts.

Liu Ziyu even doubts whether the economy can begin to recover this year.

After all, the external environment is so bad that it is extremely difficult to achieve economic recovery.

As someone who has access to a large amount of data, Liu Ziyu is very clear about the current situation at home and abroad. (End of this chapter)