1900: A physics genius wandering around Europe

Chapter 680 A Shocking Breakthrough! Our Eldest Son Transforms into a Dragon! The Li Family Will Rise! The Foundation of a Scientific Family!
Inside the library of Huangpu Polytechnic University.

When Li Chengren learned that his elder brother had made a breakthrough in his research on powerful drugs, he almost shouted out loud.

"Wow!"

"real or fake!"

"Big brother, you're not lying to me, are you!"

Although Li Chengren is only a sophomore this year, he is exceptionally talented and hardworking, and he is not satisfied with the knowledge in books.

He and his brothers, including Wang Ganchang, discussed cutting-edge physics together every day.

Of course, they can only boast, because cutting-edge physics, especially theoretical physics, is simply too profound.

However, in the process, they were also able to gain a deeper understanding of the theory.

The strong force is definitely one of the toughest challenges in theoretical physics.

Li Chengren said excitedly:

"Ever since my father used the ideas of quantum field theory to propose quantum electrodynamics to explain electromagnetic force, many big names have been studying the quantum field theory of the other three forces."

"I didn't expect you to be doing this too, big brother!"

"That's amazing."

Li Chengdao nodded and smiled slightly.

"Third brother, you know quite a lot."

Li Chengren chuckled.

"I pay close attention to the latest developments in physics."

"Because the Olympiad likes to take these cutting-edge topics and turn them into questions."

"By the way, I was reading papers before and I saw that Professor Heisenberg published an article."

He believed that the strong force was achieved through the exchange of electrons between protons and neutrons.

"Is that so, brother?"

Upon hearing this, Li Chengdao looked at his younger brother in surprise. This kid really knows something; he even knows this.

"Yes."

"But Professor Heisenberg's view has been proven wrong."

"Because experiments have shown that there are no electrons between protons."

Although Heisenberg was wrong, Li Chengdao still admired Professor Heisenberg because his idea of ​​swapping particles was correct.

"I still have a gap between myself and those unparalleled geniuses."

He was inspired by his father to use particle exchange to explain the strong force.

Heisenberg, however, recognized this through his keen insight.

Moreover, Li Chengdao was well aware that this idea was almost becoming a consensus.

He has no advantages.

But fortunately, he has already made a breakthrough!

When Li Chengren heard his elder brother say so firmly that Heisenberg was wrong, his eyes widened in surprise.

"Dude, are you that awesome?"

Li Chengdao smiled and said:
"These are all experiments conducted by others, and they are already established facts."

At this point, Li Chengren's interest grew stronger.

"Big brother, then tell me quickly what your breakthrough is?"

"You didn't actually manage to overcome the powerful attack, did you?"

He felt it was somewhat impossible.

That's incredibly powerful!

The third force, which surpasses electromagnetism and gravity, is about to be defeated by the eldest brother?

Upon hearing this, Li Chengdao smiled slightly, exuding an air of superiority.

"It can be considered that we have made some minor breakthroughs."

"I was just about to show my paper to my father."

Wow!
Li Chengren was instantly shaken, his expression filled with excitement.

He knew his older brother's personality very well.

Anything the other party says that is self-deprecating should be multiplied by 100 in importance.

Therefore, even a small breakthrough can be a huge breakthrough!
"Depend on!"

"Big brother, hurry, hurry, tell me quickly."

"I want to be the first to know."

Li Chengdao smiled. He felt that his third brother could understand it, so it was good to let him have some advice first to avoid making any naive mistakes.

So, he said:

"it is good!"

"Then I'll give a brief explanation."

"Through theoretical research, I have proven that the particle that transmits the strong force is not the electron, but is 200 to 300 times heavier than the electron."

"This new particle is the real powerful medium particle."

"At the Fifth Bruce Conference, my father proposed a particle classification method, dividing existing elementary particles into baryons and leptons according to their weight."

"Clearly, the weight of this new particle is somewhere in between, so I call it a meson."

hiss!
Li Chengren gasped.

My older brother actually theoretically predicted a new particle?
"My God!"

"Brother, isn't this new particle of yours, like the neutrino predicted by Professor Pauli, also a completely new type of particle?"

Li Chengren nodded.

"Yes."

"The mass of a meson does not match that of any known particle."

"Therefore, I believe it should be a new type of particle."

Li Chengren was stunned and speechless; this was too incredible.

But soon, he calmed down and discovered a crucial problem.

"I have a question."

How do you know that the mass of a meson is 200 to 300 times that of an electron?

"Even Professor Pauli had no way of knowing the mass of a neutrino."

Upon hearing this question, Li Chengdao suddenly became spirited.

His aura gradually rose, reaching the half-step realm of dominance over the heavens and the earth.

"Because that's what I calculated theoretically!"

boom!
Upon hearing this, Li Chengren was utterly shocked!
It was as if I had heard the most unbelievable thing!
"what?"

"Is the mass of a meson calculated?"

"How can this be?"

"New particles are always unknown, so how can their mass be calculated theoretically?"

"impossible!"

"Absolutely impossible!"

"This is too exaggerated!"

At this moment, Li Chengren was completely stunned.

Li Chengdao was not surprised by his younger brother's questioning.

Anyone who hears this answer will think it's a fantasy.

But that's the truth.

This is also his proudest achievement.

It was precisely because of this method that Li Chengdao dared to confidently say:
"I can explain that the power has nothing to do with my father!"

"My father only gave me a little extra help; how I use that extra help is up to me!"

Soon, Li Chengren recovered from his shock.

"Brother, how exactly did you calculate that?"

Li Chengdao picked up his pen and began to do calculations directly on the manuscript paper.

As he wrote, he said:
"According to the uncertainty principle in quantum mechanics: t·E≥h/4π, where t is the uncertainty of time and E is the uncertainty of energy."

"Assuming that the meson is the particle that transmits the strong force, then its maximum range of motion is the size of the atomic nucleus, approximately 10^-15 m."

"Next, assuming that the meson moves at the speed of light after it is born, we can calculate that it exists in the atomic nucleus for 10^-15 m/c."

"This value is the time uncertainty t of the meson."

"Once we know t, we can calculate the range of E based on the uncertainty principle."

"Finally, based on the mass-energy equivalence, the mass of the meson can be derived."

"The calculation results are in the range of 200 to 300 times the mass of the electron."

hiss!
quiet!
Li Chengren listened with rapt attention.

He could even understand the theories his older brother used.

It doesn't sound complicated.

But the result was shocking!
"They actually calculated the mass of the meson!"

"too strong!"

At this moment, Li Chengdao smiled slightly and said:

"Does it seem simple?" "Then you're wrong!"

"The calculation method based on the uncertainty principle is just a visually intuitive algorithm."

"A truly rigorous proof requires a lot of advanced mathematical knowledge."

"I had to ask Brother Qian and several others for help before I finally figured it out."

“I even consulted Professor Dirac at the global science conference. His mathematics was excellent and he helped me a lot.”

"However, I won't go into the details; it's too troublesome."

"I will publish it as a paper."

At this moment, Li Chengren was filled with utter admiration for his elder brother.

He knew very well that once this paper was published, it would cause a major upheaval in the academic world.

It was even more shocking than Pauli's neutrino prediction.

The existence or absence of mesons is crucial to the correctness of the strong force theory!

"Big brother, I envy you so much."

"No wonder you don't participate in the Physics Olympiad. If you did, it would be cheating."

"You're already on a completely different level from us."

A slight smile appeared on Li Chengdao's lips as he said:

"Haha, these two things shouldn't be confused."

"My problem-solving skills are definitely not as good as yours."

Now, he can finally say such things with ease.

Li Chengren was suffering in silence.

My brother's showing off has become so masterful.

When will he be able to act like that too?

At this moment, Li Chengdao said again:
"Third brother, take another look. Is there anything else you don't understand?"

"It's perfect for me to fill in the gaps."

Upon hearing this, Li Chengren became serious. No matter what, he was genuinely happy for his elder brother.

The Li family's genes are truly exceptional.

My future will definitely be bright.

So he carefully reviewed the whole process and indeed found a problem.

There's something I don't understand.

"When you calculate the time uncertainty of a meson, you assume that the meson's motion is limited to the nucleus."

"What is the reason?"

Li Chengdao immediately gave a thumbs up.

"good question!"

"This is the core of my meson theory!"

"This is how I use mesons to explain the strong interaction process."

"Take the interaction between protons and neutrons as an example."

"The transmission of power works like this:"

"First, the neutron emits a negatively charged meson, which, according to the law of conservation of charge, becomes a proton."

"Then, another proton receives this negatively charged meson and becomes a neutron."

"Then, this neutron continues to emit a negatively charged meson."

"This cycle repeats itself endlessly."

"For the entire atomic nucleus, the number of protons and neutrons remains unchanged, and the charge remains unchanged, but an interaction is completed between the protons and neutrons."

"This is the essence of power!"

"It is stronger than the electromagnetic force, binding protons and neutrons together tightly."

Wow!
Li Chengren was stunned.

"That's brilliant!"

Li Chengdao continued:
"So how do protons interact with each other, and neutrons interact with each other?"

"The same principle applies."

"For the former, the proton first emits a positive meson, becomes a neutron, and then another proton receives it and also emits a positive meson."

"The proton in front absorbed a positive dielectric and then turned back into a proton."

"Therefore, after the two protons are changed, they are still protons."

"For the latter, the neutron first emits a zero-medon while its own charge remains unchanged, and then another neutron receives it and also emits a zero-medon."

"So, after the two neutrons are changed, they are still neutrons."

"This is my meson theory!"

"I predict that there are three types of mesons: positive mesons, zero mesons, and negative mesons."

boom!
With this, Li Chengdao's theory of mesons was completed!
Based on the idea of ​​quantum field theory involving the exchange of particles through interaction, he successfully proposed a model of the interaction of the strong meson.

It is logically rigorous and imaginative.

It's a masterpiece!

At this moment, Li Chengren's gaze towards his elder brother changed, filled with reverence.

He even saw his father's towering figure in the other person!

"Big brother, he inherited Father's unparalleled talent!"

"At the age of 22, he ended the powerful theory that had blocked countless big shots!"

"It's absolutely terrifying!"

"My Li family is truly becoming a family of scientists!"

Li Chengdao remained calm and composed, displaying the demeanor of a master!

He knew that from this day forward, he had become a star.

"The temple of physics deserves a place for me, Li Chengdao!"
-
Institute of Physics.

Li Chengdao came here alone.

With immense excitement, he pushed open the office door.

"Father, I did it!"

"I have completed the theory of the powerful quantum field!"

Upon hearing this, Li Qiwei jumped to his feet.

He quickly took Li Chengdao's paper and began to read it carefully.

After a full ten minutes, he couldn't help but be moved.

His eldest son finally lived up to his expectations!
"Good good!"

He said "good" three times in a row, which showed how excited he was.

What parent wouldn't be happy when their child achieves something?

Moreover, Li Chengdao's achievements are truly astonishing!
"Chengdao, you're really great!"

"Since I gave you the research topic, you haven't contacted me even once."

Li Chengdao said respectfully:

“Father, I know that you are my strength, that’s an objective fact.”

“I have never thought of resisting this advantage.”

“I am Ridgeway’s child, and this identity is both my honor and my shackles.”

"And I long to break free of these shackles!"

With confidence in one's abilities, one can confidently show off without any hesitation.

Li Chengdao finally spoke his mind.

He wanted to break free from his father's protective wings and roam freely in the endless starry sky!
Li Qiwei laughed heartily.

"Our eldest son will finally transform into a dragon!"

Then he asked:
"Since you have predicted the new particle, you must name it."

"Have you thought of a name?"

ha?
Li Chengdao was suddenly stunned; he had never thought of this question before.

During this period, he was busy with theoretical research and didn't think about the naming issue at all.

He really couldn't figure it out in a short time.

So he said with a smile:

"Father, please suggest a name."

"The neutrino you predicted for Professor Pauli is a very good name."

Upon hearing this, Li Qiwei pondered for a moment, smiled knowingly, and said:

"Let's call it π meson."

"The three types of π mesons you predicted are: π+, π0, and π-."

Li Chengdao pondered the name carefully, and the more he thought about it, the brighter his eyes became!
"π stands for Pi, which means endless."

"And the circle represents the most perfect shape in the world."

"I understand, Father!"

"You are inspiring me to always maintain a spirit of scientific exploration and to search for that perfect, ultimate theory!"

Li Qiwei's mind went blank: That's right, that's exactly what I meant!
(Note: In real history, Hideki Yukawa named the π meson randomly on the Greek alphabet.)
(End of this chapter)