Time Bandit

During the period when Li Zicheng attacked Beijing, there were still many forces within the Ming Dynasty.

One is the Generals Group.

In the last years of the Ming Dynasty, faced with a severe situation of internal and external troubles, there was a peasant uprising inside, and the military threat from the Manchus outside. The success or failure of the military was directly related to the life and death of the Ming Dynasty. , The fierce military struggle provided a stage for the rise of generals.

Zuo Liangyu was one of the famous military generals in the late Ming Dynasty. In his early years, he emerged in the struggle against the Qing Dynasty and was promoted exceptionally. Soon after, he was ordered to encircle and suppress the peasant army. He fought actively and won many victories, forming a famous Zuojia army.In the late Ming Dynasty, civil servants were mediocre and ineffective, and the generals were constrained in many ways, and the contradiction between civil and military became increasingly prominent.In the fierce military struggle, because Zuo Liangyu didn't want to be restrained by civil servants, the contradiction between him and civil servants became increasingly acute, so his dissatisfaction with the court increased day by day. He began to actively expand his army, fight passively, and refused to obey orders. Getting rid of the control of civil servants, even the imperial court was helpless, and finally formed a military group that was independent and did not listen to restraint.

Other generals followed suit one after another, and the court gradually lost its absolute control over the generals, causing the Ming army to be defeated repeatedly on the battlefield, which directly accelerated the pace of the Ming Dynasty's demise.

Zuo Liangyu has already become a great warlord who has the courage to abuse the people and is timid to fight. The army can be said to do all kinds of crimes, killing, looting and looting, which is worse than the troops of the peasant army.

There are many military generals like this in the Ming Dynasty. They are said to be officials, but they are actually worse than bandits, and even more brutal.

One person must be mentioned in the military generals group, Zheng Zhilong, the largest maritime merchant and military group leader in the late Ming and early Qing dynasties.

Zheng Zhilong's life can be said to be extremely wonderful, more like pig's feet than the pig's feet in various time-travel novels.

When Zheng Zhilong was 18 years old, he and his brothers went to Macau to study business with his uncle Huang Chengchu, and received Catholic baptism in Macau.Later, he traveled around Southeast Asia, and later went to Kyushu, Japan. Because of learning swordsmanship, he met and married Tagawa, the adopted daughter of Fujian overseas Chinese blacksmith Weng Yihuang.At the beginning, he followed Li Dan, a great overseas Chinese pirate businessman in Hirado Island, Japan. He worked as a translator at first, and gradually became Li Dan's right-hand man.After Li Dan's death, Zheng Zhilong gradually took over his influence; in 1623, he took over Li Dan's business fleet and operated legal business, while the other hand was smuggling.

After the Mid-Autumn Festival in 1624, Zhilong moved the focus of his business from Kyushu Island, Japan to Taiwan, and attached himself to Yan Siqi, the "Japanese conch" (the leader of Japanese pirates).Shortly thereafter, the Dutch East India Company landed on the island and expelled other forces based in Taiwan. Zheng Zhilong and his wife settled in mainland China.

Yan Siqi died in 1625, and Zhilong combined with the pirate leaders, known as Shibazhi, had the most powerful force and commercial team in Fujian coastal area at that time, led tens of thousands of pirates, engaged in smuggling and robbery, and ran rampant in Taiwan strait.At that time, Quanzhou Prefecture and Anzhi County wrote to the governor of Fujian that although Zheng Zhilong was looting, he was extremely kind to the people of Quanzhou. Not only did he not kill people, he even helped the poor. "Where we went, we ordered to report the water (that is, to report the traces of the government), but we did not kill people. If there are extremely poor people, we will give them money and rice."

In 16, he was recruited by Fujian governor Xiong Wencan and became an official. He led the original department to guard the coast for the Ming court to prevent pirates and Dutch pirates from attacking. The chief soldier. Soon he returned to his hometown in Nan'an, Quanzhou, Fujian, and became the richest man in the area. He was also one of the few pirates who married a Japanese but still officially returned to the mainland of China.

In 1633, Zhilong defeated the fleet of the Dutch East India Company in the Kinmen naval battle off the coast of Fujian.As if known as the lord and maritime overlord of southern Fujian, he gave the Zheng family's command flag to the merchant ships who paid the protection fee to Zhilong (a large ship needs to pay 3000 taels of silver); Can't escape the fate of being robbed.Zhilong was so tyrannical that the operation of the Dutch East India Company was disturbed. The Dutch united with other forces to take Zhilong several times, but Zhilong continued to expand its power and defeated the Dutch again and again.

Soon after, Zheng Zhilong, at the request of the Ming court, continued to lead the army to attack Liu Xiang, the only remaining force of the other pirates who had sworn brothers in the past.Soon there was a drought in Fujian Province. Zheng Zhilong proposed to carry hungry people to Taiwan and give them very favorable financial conditions. Some people think that this has created a precedent for large-scale immigration to Taiwan.

If Ji Qing didn't show up, then soon after, Emperor Hongguang of Nanming canonized Zheng Zhilong as Nan'anbo, the general town of Fujian, in charge of the anti-Qing military affairs in the whole province of Fujian.

Both Zuo Liangyu and Zheng Zhilong were the targets of Ji Qing's subjugation.Zuo Liangyu is not worth mentioning.Zheng Zhilong is a great talent, but it is impossible for Ji Qing to allow this semi-independent force to continue to exist. They must accept the reorganization of the Ming Dynasty and transform them into the future Ming Dynasty Navy.The maritime trade controlled by it must also be handed over to the imperial court to set up customs and collect taxes.

Of course, Ji Qing knew that even if Zheng Zhilong would agree, the vested interests in his power would not agree either.Under the interests, people will do anything.

The second is the peasant army group.

Now, apart from Li Zicheng's army which has been reorganized outside the capital, the rest is the largest peasant armed force represented by Zhang Xianzhong.

In the 16th year of Chongzhen's reign in Wuchang, he was called the King of Daxi.Soon after Changsha was conquered, it was announced that money and food would be exempted for three years, and more and more followers.

In the subsequent history, Chengdu was captured on August 17th in the 1644th year of Chongzhen (8), and Long Wenguang, the inspector of the government, Zhu Zhishu, king of Shu, and his concubines all committed suicide, and other officials became prisoners.The rebel army entered Chengdu, claiming to have an army of 9, and quickly controlled most of the prefectures and counties in Sichuan. In Chengdu, Zhang Xianzhong first proclaimed himself the King of Qin, and then announced the establishment of Daxi Kingdom and changed Yuan Dashun.After establishing a sound system, he proclaimed himself emperor, took Chengdu as Xijing, and ascended the throne on August 60.

Zhang Xianzhong did have many unsolved mysteries in Sichuan, and the biggest mystery may be the so-called "Zhang Xianzhong's suppression of Sichuan".

In the past hundred years, many historians have found to their surprise that no Sichuanese were born and bred, and almost all of them were "Huguang filling Sichuan" and moved from other provinces.In the late Ming and early Qing Dynasties, there was indeed a fact that the population dropped dramatically.No wonder the folk proverbs at that time said: "When the year meets Jia, B, and C, the blood here will flow red." Did Zhang Xianzhong really kill all the people in Sichuan?

The "historical materials" and some "records" compiled during the Qing Dynasty all attribute the responsibility for the massacre to Zhang Xianzhong.Because the rule of the Qing Dynasty lasted for more than 270 years, most people believed in it.Even Mr. Lu Xun once criticized Zhang Xianzhong for "specializing in 'killing for the sake of killing'".

In fact, as long as we carefully examine the history of the invasion of Sichuan by the Qing soldiers, the truth is not difficult to know. In 1646, that is, the third year after the Manchu Qing entered the customs, the Manchu Qing announced that Zhang Xianzhong had been killed in battle, and declared that "broken more than [-] battalions in one white and pacified Sichuan", that is, announced the pacification of Sichuan.

However, it is not.The Manchu Qing captured Yucheng (Chongqing) in 13, 1659 years later.

Therefore, for this tenacious and unyielding resistance of the Sichuan people, the Qing army took the method of complete massacre as revenge.That is to say, whether it is a "Zhang thief" or an innocent civilian, they will all be killed.

"People and thieves are mixed, jade and stone are inseparable. Either slaughter the whole city, or slaughter the male and keep the female" This is a notice posted by the Qing Dynasty in 1649

This cruel way of suppression has lasted for a long time in Sichuan.In order to conceal the truth and deceive the Chinese, the Manchus actually planted all the massacres they did on Zhang Xianzhong!

Just imagine, if Zhang Xianzhong was really like the Manchu Manchus preached, "he is a crazy murderer. He almost killed the densely populated places within reach of Sichuan", then how could Sichuan, which has almost no people, resist ten thousand people? for many years?

It has already reached the point where "there is no human habitation for thousands of miles", so why "excuse me" for the Tartars to spend more than ten years to pacify it?

Isn't this an obvious contradiction?After the Sichuan people's anti-Qing activities were brutally suppressed, it was indeed to the point where "there is no human habitation for thousands of miles".The Qing court had to relocate the population of Huguang to Sichuan (that is, the famous filling of Sichuan with Huguang).Isn't it the Tartars who caused this tragedy?It can be seen that the Tartars at that time were not only extremely vicious, but also extremely despicable in their methods of framing.

Of course, the more exaggerated and publicized Zhang Xianzhong's "massacre", the more it can prove that the actions of the real executioners are "just".This is the truth that elementary school students all know.The Manchu Qing ruled for more than 200 years, and the records of the defeated party had been destroyed or falsified long ago, leaving only the "records" that were beneficial to themselves and the propaganda at that time. I believed it naturally.

As in the above example, it is still possible to find contradictions in the records of the Manchus themselves, so as to restore the true face of history.There are also later unearthed cultural relics that exposed the lies made by the Manchu Qing Dynasty and circulated for more than 200 years.

And Ji Qing's subsequent investigation of Zhang Xianzhong's department also proved this point, at least, Zhang Xianzhong was not a bloodthirsty person.Otherwise, if everyone is killed, who will follow him as a soldier? !People are killed, where does the tax come from?Just by robbing, can you become king?

The coming of the fairy city and the coming of the fairy, it is estimated that only those who have seen it for themselves will believe it.Even if this huge news spreads quickly across the country, it is impossible for people in the country to believe it.Especially those semi-independent forces that hold the army in their hands, it is even more impossible to capture the capital without a fight.

Therefore, at the same time as subduing, resistance was encountered, and there was also a demand for suppression.For example, this must be the case for power groups like Zuo Liangyu, Zheng Zhilong, Zhang Xianzhong, etc.

Fortunately, if a fairy really appeared in front of them, showing invulnerability or various unimaginable abilities, no matter how confident they were, they would also feel hopeless.

Thus, under the contact of Ji Qing's sub-body flying troops, Zuo Liangyu, Zheng Zhilong, Zhang Xianzhong and other big forces all surrendered to the Ming court, and various reorganization work is also in progress.

In this way, within a month of Ji Qing's coming to Daming, all uncontrolled forces except the Manchu Qing Dynasty were wiped out, and Daming's rule of the local area was restored to normal. In progress.

Daming's future will get better and better. . .

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