Lin Gao Qiming

Chapter 407 Manipulating Temperature

Hey, there is no way.I can only replace it with this one.Zhan Wuya felt extremely painful.Although the boutique Big Red Eagle is last year’s cigarettes, the taste has not changed at all with careful preservation.

This thing can do a lot of things just by playing it with just one piece, but now that it is going to be given away as a gift, Zhan Wuya feels extremely distressed.

After finding Ma Qianju, after spending a lot of time, countless saliva, a pack of cigarettes, and a promise to give him the first trial after the ice machine was built, I finally got two bottles of refrigerant.

"After losing the P12, I can't play anymore-"

"You can play with real iron—I'll make a machine gun for you in the future..." Zhan Wuya put two bottles of F12 into his bag perfunctorily.

After fighting all night and debugging and disassembling the equipment countless times, a large piece of white ice finally appeared in the condenser!Zhan Wuya and Liang Xin were immediately full of energy - after all, this thing still works!

Zhan Wuya hurried back to the office to find out his thermos cup, packed the first piece of ice and sent it to Duke Du - a piece of paper "Happy News" was pasted on it, and he went all the way beating gongs and drums .

Liang Xin called the cafeteria and told the cafeteria to bring some incubators quickly.The insulation material in this earthen incubator is kapok and cotton, and it is specially used to transport popsicles and fresh seafood from Fengcheng Wheel.

Finally, the ice machine can produce about 2 kilograms of ice cubes per hour when it is running.To be honest, the efficiency is a bit low.However, Liang Xin noticed that their insulation measures were too poor, and it would be better if the ice-making efficiency was improved.

Everyone is very happy that the Workers' Energy Committee has come up with such a thing. After all, it is inconvenient to transport ice from Bopu. Now that there is something, it means that you can enjoy frozen food anytime, anywhere.Someone immediately proposed to install one in the cafeteria.Some people also suggested that they simply dismantle all the air conditioners in their hands and replace them with ice machines. Anyway, there are only a few air conditioners, and it is not good for anyone to use. They simply dismantle them and make ice cubes for everyone to enjoy.

In fact, the calls for the production of refrigeration equipment have been very high recently, not only Ziminglou.The communication center needs ice to cool down the equipment, the explosives workshop needs to use ice to cool down to ensure production safety, the cafeteria needs to preserve food, and the Ministry of Health needs to preserve corpses for dissection...

The number of refrigerators in the Transit Group is really pitifully small - no one thought of this thing at the beginning.The cold storage on the Fengcheng ship is a little further away from Bairen City, and the cold storage on board is maintained by the auxiliary engine burning precious diesel oil.Ma Qianfu has always hoped that the Industrial Energy Commission can come up with refrigeration equipment that is more economical than marine cold storage.

The Workers' Energy Committee has held several meetings on this issue, and they have long since found a relatively simple, feasible and economical way to meet Ma Qianju's request, which is the gas refrigerator mentioned by Liang Xin.

The so-called gas refrigerator is heated by gas to make the concentrated ammonia water boil, the evaporated ammonia vapor is cooled to condense and liquefy the water vapor in it, and the ammonia gas is condensed into liquid ammonia, and then mixed with hydrogen gas at the inlet of the evaporator, due to the difference in partial pressure Ammonia diffuses violently from ammonia liquid to hydrogen, which reduces the temperature of the evaporator and plays the role of refrigeration.Thereafter, the ammonia gas is absorbed by dilute ammonia water and becomes concentrated ammonia liquid, and the remaining hydrogen gas is returned to the evaporator.Therefore, the gas refrigerator is heated by burning gas, so that the three substances of ammonia, water, and hydrogen circulate in the pipeline to be refrigerated, and the refrigeration temperature can reach a minimum of minus 40°C.Very efficient.

Ammonia water has not become a problem when the 800-ton ammonia synthesis system has started its initial operation, and hydrogen is a by-product obtained during the process of electrolyzing table salt to make alkali.

Using this principle, it is possible to manufacture a small refrigerator of household refrigerator level, which is very low-tech according to the standards of the 20th century.However, in the Lingao industrial system in 1629, there were many practical problems that could not be solved in the manufacture of miniaturized gas refrigerators.Especially in terms of materials and workmanship.For example, the manufacture and processing of refractory ceramics on the combustion head, and the zinc alloy die-casting of the burner shell, all these cannot be solved immediately.In addition, the efficient insulation materials necessary for the cabinet are also what they lack.

Since it is too fine to make, the Industrial and Energy Commission intends to manufacture a large-scale "gas refrigerator" to reduce the technical difficulty of manufacturing--small burners made of refractory ceramics cannot be made, and large-scale cast iron burners are always no problem--actually Now they are going to build a gas cold storage.

The cold storage was first chosen to be built in the cafeteria - the cafeteria itself has a sufficient supply of biogas, and now there is gas, so it is abundant in fuel.As for insulation materials, kapok or cotton alone cannot effectively keep warm. Zhan Wuya used the most common method of ice storage in the ancients - building cold storage underground and using soil for insulation. In the past, several large icehouses in Beijing were all In the twelfth lunar month, the ice is stored in an earthen kiln, and the outside is covered with straw curtains and then piled up with soil.The loss of ice cubes is so small that it can be ignored when the ice cellar is opened in the summer of the second year after storage.

Lingao Construction Company first excavated a rectangular cellar with one side open under a small soil slope in the farm. After compacting the ground and walls, it was paved with perforated bricks.Then add insulation material to the inner wall.

The Industrial Energy Commission has neither foam nor asbestos, and the only natural insulation materials that can be supplied in large quantities in Lingao are kapok and diatomaceous earth.In order to ensure the effect, the Industrial Energy Commission alternately laid multiple layers on the inner wall of the cold storage.All pipes are made of brass.After installing the cold storage, lay a layer of straw curtains on it, and finally cover it completely with thick soil.Only one access channel is left to connect to the ground.There are two layers of wooden doors inside and outside the passageway, and thick insulation materials are installed on the doors. The people in the machinery factory try to make it fit the door frame tightly, and stick several layers of belts as sealing materials.The combustion chamber of the cold storage is set on the ground.Use the gas from the supporting gas furnace of the farm for heating.It is rainy at Lingao, so in the end a house was specially built above the entire underground cold storage for shelter, and there are drainage ditches on all sides.

After ignition, the cold storage has been running continuously for 24 hours, which proves that the cold storage can cool down to minus 16 degrees and can be maintained at this level stably.

Everyone is quite satisfied with this.The theoretically attainable minus 40 degrees is of no particular significance to the Traveling Group.At minus 16 degrees, it is possible to store various fresh foods, make ice cubes, and produce various cold drinks for a long time.

Due to the construction of a cold storage that can produce ice in large quantities at a low cost, it not only meets the dietary needs, but even acts as an air conditioner to a certain extent-the large ice cubes taken from the cold storage are placed in the house to melt naturally , This traditional cooling method quickly spread in the dormitories and offices of the traversers.In order to prevent everyone from swarming to collect ice, the planning committee issued ice tickets to everyone after careful calculation. In addition to the daily quota of several kilograms of ice cubes for individual travelers, each department has different quota standards according to their needs.

The communication room of Lingao Telecom has finally become cooler-not only for comfort, but also to ensure the normal operation of the equipment.Since the beginning of summer, in addition to using enhanced ventilation to cool down, Lingao Telecom's units have adopted a method of starting up in turn to avoid accidents caused by excessive heat.

Indigenous workers working in the hot environment also enjoyed the coolness of the ice.This kind of treatment moved many workers very much - ice can be used in summer, which is enjoyed by the rich, but now it can be enjoyed by ordinary people like them.Although the air-conditioning in the huge workshop can't beat the heat at all.But as Xiao Zishan often said: "Sometimes the common people just want the ruler to have a basic attitude."

Due to the strong demand for ice cubes, the Industrial Energy Commission soon organized the construction of the second and third cold storages.Due to the accumulation of experience, the construction technology has become more proficient, the energy consumption of the cold storage has been further reduced, and the probability of failure has also been greatly reduced.

With the completion of the professional cold storage for fishing and the supporting gas station in Bopu, the cold storage on the Fengcheng ship was declared to stop operating under the order of the Planning Commission.After this large power consumer was shut down, the operation of Fengcheng's auxiliary engines was also reduced to the lowest power to maintain the ship's own system to save fuel.After the shutdown of the cold storage that had been in continuous operation for nearly a year, the influence of the Navy Club on the executive committee had dropped significantly, and the Fengcheng ship was no longer a place that some members were keen to go to.This result is perhaps the most unexpected.

Of course, it is a pity to let this cold storage be idle. Another task assigned by the Planning Commission to the Industrial Energy Commission is: to study how to use gas to drive the auxiliary engines on the ship to generate electricity, so that it does not use stored diesel completely?

"In theory, of course it is possible." Zhan Wuya said with a smile, "In reality..."

"Why, unrealistic?"

"It's not that it's unrealistic, but it's unnecessary." Zhan Wuya said, "Obviously the boat can be connected to an external power supply."

After modern ships enter the port, they can completely use the power supply on the shore, and naturally the Fengcheng ship can also.

"To put it bluntly, as long as the installed capacity of Bopu Power Station is expanded, the marine auxiliary engines on Fengcheng will no longer need to continue to generate electricity."

Zhan Wuya continued: "Of course, it is theoretically possible to use gas instead of diesel to fuel the auxiliary engine to generate electricity, but the laying of the pipeline is a big problem."

The implication is that it is unnecessary.

Xiao Zishan reminded him: the auxiliary machine is a large generator set, and its light output power is greater than all the boiler machines in the entire Bopu Power Station combined.At that time, maybe Bopu will still rely on the auxiliary engine of Fengcheng Wheel to generate electricity.

"Well, that's true. But such a big device for marine auxiliary engines - I really haven't played with it, so I don't know what to do."

"Anyway, this matter can be studied slowly, so don't worry." Xiao Zishan comforted him, "You should think about building a real gas refrigerator like this."

Xiao Zishan thinks that it won't be long before each traveler's house can be equipped with a small gas refrigerator - the premise is that the gas pipeline can be laid safely into the house, and perhaps in the future, gas lamps will be installed in the aborigines' houses.

As for the animal-powered ice machine that Zhan Wuya worked so hard to build, it was safely transported to Guangzhou.Then Mo Xiao'an received a telegram: "Quickly make a hot water bottle and a large-mouth thermos."—Ice was made, but there was no place to store it.

Mo Xiaoan sighed, got up and went to the glass factory.He suddenly thought of it: In fact, the hot water bottle is also a good trade commodity!

Making thermos bottles is already a piece of cake for glass factories.Especially after they have mastered the technology of mold blowing more proficiently, they have made a breakthrough in blow molding, which was originally considered the most difficult. Hundreds of them make exactly the same finished product.

The key of the thermos bottle is the bottle liner, which is essentially a glass bottle with a hollow interlayer.At the time of manufacture, the technology of combining large and small bottles is actually used.

First, workers dip a small amount of glass liquid in the glass liquid and blow it into a glass bubble. After cooling down a little, the glass bubble is continuously dipped in the glass liquid and blown continuously. Turn the air to blow enough, and after opening the model, a preform is produced.

The glazier then repeats the labor, but with a smaller model.In fact, in the glass factory, it is blown in batches with compressed air during blow molding in the mold.Now they don't have compressed air available, so they still use manpower for the time being.

Mo Xiao'an watched a young man named Huang Zhongshan skillfully blowing the preforms one by one, his movements were smooth and smooth, and he couldn't help nodding.

"This is the fastest and best blower among the apprentices." Xiao Bailang sat on a wooden box and wiped his sweat - he is in charge of both the ceramic factory and the glass factory now - wherever he goes, he is baked.

"Be savvy."

"It's a pity that even the savvy can't make glass blowing."

To date, almost all of the slightly more complex products of the glassworks have been blown or pressed.The workers in the glass factory haven't mastered the technology that can make various products just by blowing plus scissors and pliers-because the traversers themselves can't.

"We need to get some European glassmakers!"

"There are no European glassmakers in Asia." Mo Xiaoan said, "The Europeans who come to Asia are basically scumbags."

Xiao Bailang didn't say anything, he paid attention to the operation status of the whole workshop to see if it was in order.The weather has been hot recently, and Ji Situi has been away from the factory for a long time to start the trial production of the coal chemical plant, so the labor discipline in the glass factory is somewhat lax.As soon as Xiao Bailang arrived at the factory, he rectified labor discipline.

Xiao Bailang didn't do any political and ideological work, and directly arrested a few foreign workers and sent them to the labor reform team——then they were released after Wu De's interference.However, in this way, the production efficiency of the factory has improved a lot.As soon as his eyes swept away, the whole workshop was silent.

"You can't do it like this." Mo Xiao'an couldn't help reminding him, "As long as there is coercion, people will not accept it."

"I know, I know that grace and power are equally important." Xiao Bailang casually perfunctory.

"Yes, let me ask the food factory to send you some kvass."

"Chief, the gas station says it can deliver gas..."

"Okay. Have someone bring it over." Xiao Bailang put on his sunglasses, and walked to the gas nozzle that had just been installed not long ago, a row of yellow copper nozzles.He waved his hand: "Let's start."

Several workers unscrewed the valve, and red flames shot out from the combustion head immediately.Xiao Bailang put on the thick labor protection gloves.Carefully adjust the flame until the blue flame is ejected.

"Prepare the interface!"

Huang Zhongshan hurriedly sent the two glass preforms, one large and one small, blown out just now from the annealing kiln with tongs.Xiao Bailang first set the bottom of the large bottle and the neck of the small bottle on fire with gas, and then cut off neatly with a blade.Then he slipped the vial into the larger one, filling the gap with three small pieces of cork.

Formally speaking, asbestos particles should be used, and the Industrial Energy Commission can only temporarily use substitutes.Its role is to maintain an equal gap between the inner and outer bottles so that they will not shake.Another effect is to strengthen the structural strength of the liner.After the bottle liner is made, the connection between the inner and outer bottles is only the mouth of the bottle, and the mouth of the bottle is easy to break after filling with water.After inlaying asbestos is equivalent to adding three additional support points.

Then he heated the large bottle, which was nestled in the small bottle, over a gas fire until it was half molten.This crucial step is coming.With a serious expression, Xiao Bailang pulled up the pliers to grab the half-molten glass, and carefully closed the gap at the bottom.This process seems simple, but there are certain technical requirements for manual operation. Not only does it require the bottom of the bottle to be sealed smoothly and tightly, but also a thin glass tube must be left.Modern thermos bottle companies use automatic bottom pulling machines to complete.

Xiao Bailang pulled it several times, but failed.His face was scorched red by the gas fire.He put down the pliers and took a few breaths, telling the others to try it.After tossing and turning for a few times, the bottom was finally sealed as required.

Then came the silver plating process.The thermos liner is plated with silver nitrate.The silver plating agent is injected between the gall walls through the small glass tube reserved at the bottom of the bottle. With the basic supply of triacid and dialkali, this is nothing at all.Finally, after the residual liquid was poured out, a layer of bright silver was left on the entire wall of the glass bottle, shining like a mirror.

There was a sigh of surprise from the workers.In fact, they have already seen the "secret technique" of the traversers when they made mirrors.Some greedy eyes in the crowd were watching the residual liquid poured out of the bottle.

After the silver plating, the workers poured distilled water into it to wash and dry it. Xiao Bailang used a gas fire to burn the glass tube at the bottom of the bottle to make it thinner, and then inserted the exhaust pipe—this simple air extractor The machine is designed and manufactured by Zhong Lishi. It is a very simple pumping type, which can barely reach the level of rough vacuum.

While pumping, heat the outer bottle with a gas fire to promote gas expansion so that the gas can be extracted quickly.Of course, the local method of air pump cannot determine how well the air is being pumped, Xiao Bailang had no choice but to use the most primitive method, and tried and tested repeatedly until he found the best time to pump air.

(End of this chapter)