The Four Steps to the Sky

One of the guardians of the devil-Hu Shi

Hu Shi (1891-1962), formerly known as Siyu, whose working name was Hongyu, styled Xijiang, later changed his name to Shi, styled Shizhi, pen names Tianfeng, Zanghui, etc., was born in Shangzhuang Village, Jixi, Anhui Province, and became a new culture because of advocating the literary revolution One of the leaders of the movement, he served as the president of National Peking University, the president of Academia Sinica, and the ambassador of the Republic of China to the United States. ※r

Hu Shi has a wide range of interests and rich writings, and has in-depth research in many fields such as literature, philosophy, history, textual research, pedagogy, ethics, and red studies. In 1939, he was also nominated for the Nobel Prize in Literature.

In 1910 (19 years old), he was admitted to the second installment of Boxer Indemnity to study in the United States. He first studied agriculture at Cornell University, and then changed to liberal arts. In 1914, he went to Columbia University to study philosophy and studied with philosophers John and Dewey.

In 1917 (26 years old), Xia returned to China and served as a professor at Peking University. [

歷任：1917年（26岁）北京大学教授、1919年（28岁）北大代理教务长、1922年（31岁）北大教务长、1928年4月至1933年中国公学校长、1932年（41岁）北院院长、天主教辅仁大学教授及董事、1938年（47岁）中华民国驻美国特命全权大使、美国国会图书馆东方部名誉顾问、1946年（55岁）北京大学校长、中央研究院院士、普林斯顿大学葛思德东亚图书馆馆长、1957年（66岁）中华民国中央研究院（位於臺北县南港镇（今台北市南港区））院长等职。

Hu Shi was also a pioneer of Chinese liberalism.

Hu Shi was deeply influenced by Huxley and Dewey, claiming that Huxley taught him how to doubt, and Mr. Dewey taught him how to think.Therefore, Hu Shi advocated liberalism and skepticism all his life, and

After the 1937 Marco Polo Bridge Incident in 77.On August 8, Chiang Kai-shek asked Hu Shi to go to the United States immediately to seek the support of the United States for China.

In 1938, he served as the ambassador of the Republic of China to the United States. In 1942, he resigned as ambassador to the United States.Living in New York, engaged in academic research.

In 1943, he applied for the honorary consultant of the Eastern Department of the Library of Congress. Lectured at Harvard University in 1944.

In 1945, he served as a representative of the ROC government delegation to the United Nations Constitutional Conference in San Francisco; as the chief representative of the ROC government delegation, he attended the UNESCO meeting in London and formulated the organization's charter.

In July 1946, he returned to Peking and served as the president of National Peking University.

In 1948, when the People's Liberation Army came to the city of Peiping, they called on Hu Shi to stay and continue to serve as the president of Peking University through radio broadcasts. Hu Shi was unmoved and still decided to leave Peiping and fly to Nanjing.

In 1949, Chiang Kai-shek sent Chiang Ching-kuo to Shanghai to visit Hu Shi. In April, went to the United States and published "There is no freedom under the rule: the so-called "An Open Letter from Chen Yuan to Hu Shi"". When he was in the United States, he met Zhang Ailing and formed a friendship; Issuer.

In 1950, he applied for the director of the Gestalt East Asian Library at Princeton University.

In 1955, a campaign to criticize Hu Shih was launched in mainland China. Sanlian Bookstore published the "Compilation of Essays on Hu Shi's Thought Criticism". Mr. Hu Shi lived in the United States. He collected these eight books and carefully approved them.

According to Geng Yunzhi, the reason for criticizing Hu Shi's movement is: I think this sentence is the most ungentlemanly sentence he said in his life. No, I guess this word may reach Chairman Mao's ears, so Chairman Mao decisively launched a nationwide campaign to thoroughly criticize Hu Shi.

In 1957, he became the president of Academia Sinica. In 1959, he concurrently served as the chairman of the National Long-term Scientific Development Committee. In 1960, Lei Zhen, the editor-in-chief of "Free China", was arrested, and Hu Shi was once implicated.

In 1962, he suffered a sudden heart attack and died in Nangang Township, Beixian County (now Nangang District, Taipei City).

During Hu Shi's study at Columbia University in the United States, he studied under John Dewey and made him follow the philosophy of pragmatism (Dewey's pragmatism, Hu Shi's self-translated experimentalism) throughout his life.

Peking University students have always been picky about their teachers. Gu Gang, a Peking University student, introduced Fu Sinian to listen to Hu Shi's class in order to decide whether to expel this new student from the Department of Philosophy at Peking University.