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Chapter 448 Antique Master
"Haha, Lao Li, ask whatever you want! Just come over here! Haha!" Leng Shaohua said excitedly, his face full of an expression of watching a show.

Although he was using Li Xuan's profound knowledge to attack his old friend, this was not exploitation, but just a mutual attack between friends.

After all, it was he who discovered Li Xuan, and he considered himself a talent scout.

"What are you happy about? Not to mention that the assessment hasn't happened yet. Even if you really passed the assessment, it has nothing to do with you. It's not like you defeated me. I despise you!" Old Li was not vague and left Leng Shaohua speechless with just one sentence.

"Why, your daughter is not quarreling with you anymore? When she quarrels with you, you stop playing with antiques and put on a stern face. It is as ugly as it can be. Well, to describe it, it is an elephant face."

"Come on, if your son is unfilial and your granddaughter ignores you, I guarantee that you will find any antiques boring! Humph, I'm not afraid to tell you that the pair of Tang Sancai horses are real! They have been restored and are in my collection room. Do you want to see them?" Leng Shaohua snorted coldly and said proudly.

"You think that junk of yours is real? Only you are a moron to think it is real. You can't even tell it's such an obvious fake!" Old Li retorted rudely.

"It's true because it's fake. If the real thing is faked, others will think it's fake, isn't it safe? Thanks to Xiao Li for helping me make it. After the restoration, the color, the momentum, the texture, oh, it's great, it's just like the temptation of a naked girl's body!"

"Hehe, evil Uncle Leng, please consider the occasion!" Li Yingying sneered and reminded in a stern tone.

Leng Shaohua felt a little embarrassed for a moment, smiled and said nothing.

"Really?"

"real!"

"Are you sure what you said is true?"

"of course it's true!"

"Are you sure you are not lying?" Lao Li still asked with some disbelief.

"Then you think I'm lying!" Leng Shaohua was also angry.

"Well, okay, then it's true. Then, Xiao Leng, you see, I'm already old and can't see many good antiques anymore. Please be merciful and wait until you finish looking at my collection before looking at yours. At most, no matter what Xiao Li answers later, I think his answer will be unprecedentedly detailed and complete. His profound knowledge has surpassed me. How about it?"

"His knowledge has nothing to do with me. Are you thinking of giving him a break as a favor? I despise you!" Leng Shaohua replied with his original words.

"Young people, you just don't know how to respect the elderly and love the young. Forget it, let's take the assessment first!" Old Li was immediately unhappy. He helped you to get away with it. Humph, you haven't suffered enough, then I will let you be stunned again.

"That's right!" Leng Shaohua said happily.

"Shut up! Why are you interrupting me when I'm asking a question? You're so talkative, why don't you just answer it yourself? Why are you glaring at me? Are you threatening me? I'll still say it even if you threaten me. Do you think I'm afraid of you? I'm not afraid of you, you little cold-blooded bastard. You're still grinning with those big, thick lips of yours, which can rival those of an ape. What are you looking at? I'm telling you—"

"Grandpa, if you keep talking, I won't keep you company!"

"Oh, okay, okay, I'll ask the questions."

Leng Shaohua had the urge to strangle the donkey-faced old man at this moment, while Li Xuan was speechless. This old man was really a funny guy, but it was quite interesting to see fellow collectors bickering with each other.

"Well, there is a bottle with longevity peaches and bats painted on it. The glaze is smooth and delicate, the painting is exquisite, the shape is unique, and there is a poem 'The fragrance is fragrant and the color is more brilliant, the beautiful sound is melodious and the rhyme is flowing'. May I ask what this is?" Old Li stood with his hands behind his back, an intoxicated and confident smile on his face.

"This is a Ju Ren Tang style plum vase with a longevity peach pattern, made during the Republic of China." Li Xuan answered seriously.

"Huh? It's really good. Then tell me about the porcelain from the Republic of China. It seems you know a lot about it." The admiration in Lao Li's eyes flashed away, because the previous question was actually very vague.

"After the Revolution of 1949 overthrew the Qing Dynasty and established the Republic of China, the imperial kiln factory that produced porcelain exclusively for the royal family was closed, the national porcelain industry was improved, and many porcelain companies were established. At this time, in order to maintain the needs of the porcelain industry in the domestic and foreign markets, a large number of antique porcelains emerged in the early Republic of China. From the celadon of the Six Dynasties to the famous kilns and famous products of the Tang, Five Dynasties, and Song Dynasties, as well as the typical imperial kilns of the Ming and Qing Dynasties, almost all of them were imitated, and they were very lifelike... The most exquisite pastel porcelains in the Republic of China period were the pastels imitated by Guo Shiwu, Yongzheng and Qianlong, and the pastels with the inscription of Zhaitang. The second most exquisite were the pastels without inscriptions or with fake inscriptions of various dynasties of the Qing Dynasty collected by the people, as well as the so-called Hongxian porcelain. Guo Shiwu's pastel porcelains imitating Yongzheng and Qianlong were the most exquisite, with the charm of the colored porcelains of the Yongzheng and Qianlong periods. According to the works "Draft History of Yuci Town", "Identification of Ming and Qing Porcelains", and "Old News of Antiques", when Yuan Shikai was the president, he sent Guo Shiwu (formerly known as Guo Baochang) to Yuci Town as the ceramic supervisor. He was the last ceramic supervisor in the history of Chinese ceramics. . During the period before and after he served as the pottery supervisor, he mainly developed antique porcelain. Since he lived in Yuci Town, he was familiar with the kiln workers and had the conditions to hire porcelain experts with a large sum of money. Guo imitated the enamel and pastel porcelain of Yongzheng and Qianlong, with pure white body, fine painting and gorgeous colors. Among the porcelain donated to Yungong Museum by Guo's relatives in , there are many similar objects, mainly bottles, most of which are lantern-shaped with a lipped mouth, and the surface decoration is mainly figures, including pictures of babies playing. , Magu offering longevity, Gaoshi picture and the patterns of zither, chess, calligraphy and painting that were loved by ancient literati. The coloring method inherited from the Qianlong period is mainly enamel color, and some patterns are added with pastel. The pictures are exquisite and lively. The inscriptions are all in red seal script or regular script "Ju Ren Tang made", "Zhi Zhai master", "Ceramic supervisor Guo Baochang made it" and so on. This kind of fine product was called "Hongxian" porcelain or Republic of China enamel color in the antique world at that time. In the early Republic of China, "Hongxian" porcelain has become a synonym for Guo's imitations.

......"

Li Xuan thought about it, then sorted out his knowledge of this aspect in his mind and said calmly.

At this moment, Li Yingying and Lao Li were staring at him intently, with wonderful expressions on their faces.

Leng Shaohua, on the other hand, smiled triumphantly, and felt extremely proud as he watched Li Xuan talking.

"There are many folk collections of Zhaitang-style famille rose porcelains from the Republic of China. The paintings are also very fine, comparable to Yongzheng famille rose porcelains. As far as I know, there are four important styles of Zhaitang-style porcelains from the early Republic of China.

First is Yishoutang. This type of vessel includes a small bowl with peach blossom branches, a lantern-shaped vase with human figures, a flower handle pot, etc. They are beautiful in shape and elegant in color. Each porcelain painting is like a fine brush painting. Compared with Yongzheng famille rose, the pink color of peach blossom is too bright, and the green leaves and flowers are powdery, which makes the whole picture less three-dimensional.

The second is Jingyuantang. This style was specially made for the Beiyang warlord Xu Shichang. There are various pastel flower and bird pattern vases, yellow flower and peach bowls, flower-shaped cups, plum blossom-shaped handle pots, etc., all imitating the delicate artistic style of Yongzheng pastel.

Next is Yanqing Tower. It was a special product for the Beiyang warlord Cao Kun. According to the information currently available, porcelains with the "Yanqing Tower" mark are all large bottles. The Yungong Museum has a 100-centimeter-high large bottle with a pink brocade ground and a figure pattern. The four characters "Yanqing Tower" are written in red on the inside of the bottle mouth. This vessel is tall, with a regular shape and smooth lines. The "thousand pieces" large bottle is also a major feature of the Republic of China porcelain, with varieties such as blue and white, colored glaze, and pink.

The fourth type is Ju Ren Tang. This Ju Ren Tang porcelain was made by Guo Shiwu for Yuan Shikai. The genuine products all have the style of Qing Dynasty imperial kiln enamel. The Shuxia Villa Museum has a red seal script "Ju Ren Tang made" enamel cloud bat pattern appreciation vase. The shape, decoration and color of this vase are the same as the Guangxu imperial kiln enamel appreciation vase. Its characteristics are a slightly tilted mouth, long neck, round belly and ring foot. The neck is painted with enamel cloud bat pattern, the abdomen is painted with red two dragons playing with pearls and decorated with enamel cloud pattern, and the whole body is decorated with gold borders, which looks magnificent.

......"

Li Xuan thought about it, and seriously mentioned several famous hall names in the Republic of China. This time, he had completely answered the question.

Mr. Li's question is clever, but it is still very difficult. Without the ability to combine the current situation with past history, it is indeed very difficult to understand the development of porcelain.

"Good! I have nothing to say about porcelain. Since you know so much about porcelain from the early Republic of China, the others will certainly not be bad either." Old Li said in admiration, but did not say anything else. Obviously, even though he said this, he was still waiting for Li Xuan's brief description.

Leng Shaohua and Li Yingying, on the other hand, began to think deeply.

"Famous enamel was first created in the reign of Emperor Kangxi and flourished in the reign of Emperor Yongzheng. In the late Kangxi period, based on the production of enamel colored porcelain, the Yucizhen kiln began to produce pastel colored porcelain, but the production was relatively crude, and pastel colored porcelain was only used in the flowers of red flowers, while other decorations were still made in five colors. At present, there are mainly two varieties: one is white-ground pastel colored porcelain; the other is green, yellow and purple tri-color porcelain with rouge red (golden red) color added. In the Yongzheng Dynasty, pastel colored porcelain has achieved unprecedented development in terms of shape, glaze and color painting. Pastel colored porcelain is one of the most famous varieties of Yongzheng colored porcelain. The color materials are finer than those of the Kangxi Dynasty, the colors are softer, and the layers of texture and dyeing are more. Most of the patterns are painted on white ground, and a small amount are painted on colored ground. The most common ones are flower and butterfly pictures, and peonies, roses, crabapples, and four-season flowers are also very common. There are also many figures and stories in pastel colored porcelain. In addition, the homophonic patterns of "bat" (Fu) and "deer" (Lu) are very common in pastel colored porcelain. At that time, the so-called "over-branch" technique was prominent.

……

In the early Yongzheng period, there was the Kangxi Five-color style. The pastel patterns were mostly painted with round flowers, round butterflies, eight peaches and bats (symbolizing good fortune and longevity), flowers on branches, narcissus and Ganoderma lucidum, ladies, Magu offering longevity, and babies playing. The patterns were obviously sparse and regular. For example, the pastel peach and bat plate with branches, peach branches and leaves and peaches were painted from the outer wall of the plate, and then passed through the plate mouth to the center of the plate to paint peach branches and leaves and bats...

Some of the Qianlong famille roses inherited the characteristics of the Yongzheng period, which were to paint sparse and gorgeous patterns on the rich white glaze, such as the common broken branch flower plates, bowls, small bottles, washbasins, figure pen holders and large objects such as deer head vases. Deer head vases were common varieties during the Qianlong period. They have a straight mouth, which gradually widens below the mouth, with a drooping belly and a round foot. The upper part of the vases is decorated with two carved Kuifeng ears, Panchi ears or deer head ears. It is named because the shape of the vases resembles an inverted ox head or deer head. Deer head vases are mostly painted with green mountains, green waters and trees on a white ground. There are many sika deer running or standing, looking back or lowering their heads in the mountains, waters and jungles. The colors are bright, the layers are clear, and the layout is dense and sparse. This type of porcelain is also called a hundred deer vases...

The main color porcelain of Jiaqing Dynasty was enamel, which was common in furnishings, stationery, daily utensils, five offerings (consisting of two incense pots, two flower grabbers and one incense burner) and ritual instruments. The enamel of the early Jiaqing period also had the characteristics of Qianlong period, which was relatively delicate. There were both "flowers without showing the ground" and colored ground with carved lines and openings...

In addition to white-ground enamelware, Daoguang Dynasty colored porcelain also has various colored-ground enamelware, which is often combined with gilding techniques. In addition to bottles, jars and a small number of stationery, a large number of utensils are daily utensils such as bowls and plates. The patterns are prominently lotus, gourds, children playing, ladies in Qing Dynasty costumes, and various flowers, butterflies, insects and herbs. Auspicious themes such as "abundant good fortune", "Magu offering longevity", and "peaceful and prosperous" are also common. Among them, the enamelware of "Shen De Tang", "Xie Zhu Zhu Ren" and "Zhong De Tang" are mostly more exquisite...

......"

Li Xuan knew that Old Li must be dissatisfied in his heart, so he gave a very tough question. Because porcelain is different from other things, it does not mean that if you understand porcelain, you understand its history and development. Appreciation is two different issues. But at the same time, those who understand the history of porcelain will definitely be masters of antiques.

However, those who understand antiques may not necessarily understand the characteristics and history of porcelain. When Old Li asked this question, he actually took advantage of Li Xuan's young age and thought he didn't know much.

But Li Xuan also intended to strike back at Old Li, simply because Old Li did judge people by their age, and Li Yingying next to him always looked at him with disdain, which made him feel very unhappy.
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Thank you very much to the book friend 'Feng Zangyue' for his generous reward of 10000 Qidian coins for support. Thank you very much.

O(∩_∩)O~
(End of this chapter)