Ming politicians

The establishment of banks and the issuance of banknotes require theoretical support, which is for sure, but theories in this area need to be born in the process of practice. If you want to come up with a sound set of theories before the establishment, you may Sex is not big, and many business techniques and related theories also need to be gradually improved, and finally gradually perfected.

Su Tiancheng and Song Sijun had relatively more conversations. Establishing a bank and issuing banknotes first involved commerce and trade, and it greatly promoted commerce. You should be familiar with these situations, and you should be able to understand the functions of establishing banks and issuing banknotes to the greatest extent.

Song Sijun's main responsibility was to set up a bank. As the right servant of the household department, he basically ignored other matters, including business and trade matters, and handed them over to other people, focusing on the establishment of a bank.

After all, Song Sijun is not an ordinary person. He quickly put forward two suggestions. The first suggestion is that large-scale training must be carried out, that is, to let more court officials understand the meaning and function of establishing banks and issuing banknotes. To ensure that all levels of government do their best to spread it all over Dajin. The second suggestion is to summarize the most important role of establishing banks and issuing banknotes. It is necessary to let merchants and ordinary people understand the meaning of this, so that when it is implemented, Less resistance.

This is actually a question that Su Tiancheng is focusing on. When it comes to establishing a bank and issuing banknotes, there is a credit issue involved. The bank must carry out the loan business, and the situation of not repaying the borrowed money will definitely make the bank go into a dead end. Therefore, the issuance of banknotes must be guaranteed by the financial resources of the imperial court.If the imperial court issued banknotes without restraint, the economic disaster caused would be enough to overthrow the entire dynasty.

But summing it up theoretically, Su Tiancheng is really not good at it. He understands it in his heart, but he can't say it systematically.It is impossible to use a whole set of theories to clarify the importance of this.

In fact, not to mention Su Tiancheng, even hundreds of years later, there are still a lot of debates about currency, and even financial experts can say a variety of reasons.

For example, the theory holds that currency has no value and does not generate value, but is only used for transactions.It is only valuable, but there are also theories that currency is valuable. Even this most basic debate has lasted for such a long time, let alone a lot of advanced theories.

Summarizing the role of banks and banknotes, Song Sijun is naturally busy.

Song Sijun was also very good. Taking advantage of his familiarity with merchants, he called a number of merchants to discuss this matter.In just a few days, a memorial was written.Hand it over to Su Tiancheng.

After Su Tiancheng read the memorial, he was really convinced in his heart, who said that the Jin court had no talents.

On April [-]th, the Great Dynasty was held in the Huangji Hall.

The Huangji Hall is a place where various large-scale ceremonies are held. Generally speaking, ceremonies that can be held in the Huangji Hall.They are all large-scale, and the participants are in principle officials of the seventh rank or above in the capital.

The biggest court meeting since the founding of the Great Jin Dynasty was finally held in the Huangji Hall.

The main content of this court meeting was Su Tiancheng's lecture, explaining the important role of establishing banks and issuing banknotes.

In fact, the emperor insisted on establishing a bank and issuing banknotes uniformly, and all the officials in the court knew about it.It’s just that the opinions have not been unified. To sum it up, most of them are against it. It’s just that the emperor’s wisdom has convinced everyone. They all believe that as long as the emperor insists on something, it will definitely succeed, and it must be a good thing. As for why it is successful, and whether there is something strange in it, not many people study it.

The purpose of today's early court is also clear to many officials. The Ministry of Rites has already made preparations, and several officials in charge of singing the edict have made preparations for a long time.

The so-called singing edict is to read out loud what the emperor said, because in the early dynasty of Huangji Hall, there were too many court officials involved, and not every official could hear the emperor's words, so The officials who sang the decree ensured that every official who participated in the early court could hear the emperor's decree.

Officials of the third rank and above are all inside the main hall of the Huangji Hall, while officials of the fourth to seventh rank are standing outside the main hall.

After Su Tiancheng entered the Huangji Hall, many officials bowed down. In fact, this ceremony should have been performed in the Zhongji Hall, but the emperor skipped that ceremony and bowed in the Zhongji Hall. When they came to Huangji Hall, all civil and military ministers knelt down again, there was no such need, the majesty of the emperor did not need to be consolidated by such rituals.

After the kneeling ceremony was over, Su Tiancheng stood up and slowly walked down from the Golden Luan Hall.

While walking, Su Tiancheng spoke.

"I would like to thank Song Sijun, the right servant of the household department, for the truths I want to explain today. I believe that after I say these truths today, you will be able to understand the important role of establishing banks and issuing banknotes."

"Let me give you an example first. For example, in a big family, there are ten brothers. After they grow up, they all separated and each has a small family. The living conditions of the ten families are different. Among them, the elder family is very good and very rich. The remaining nine families often encounter many difficulties, such as running out of food, or running out of money, etc., so these nine families often ask the boss for help, either to borrow money or grain, After overcoming the difficulties, the money and food were repaid. How to repay the money and food? If you borrow a tael of silver, you will pay back a tael of silver to express your gratitude; Thank you for the food in Dou."

"This kind of situation can go back and forth. When a certain family has difficulties, they can go to the boss to borrow money and food to tide over the difficulties. You should have seen this kind of situation before, it is very normal."

"I want to emphasize that without the support of the boss, if a family is in trouble and cannot borrow money or food, then it is possible to pass this hurdle. What fate awaits this family? Fallen down, unable to recover from a setback, such a situation is even more simple, in the early years of Chongzhen, a large number of refugees appeared, and this was the situation."

"Perhaps someone will say, this boss is too rich. Is he so rich that he is not afraid that people will borrow money and food to return it? Well, I will follow this way of thinking. If you are not so rich The boss, but there is a situation that can happen, that is, the boss will come forward and ask all the families to save the temporarily unused money and food and gather them in one place. Under such circumstances, if any family encounters difficulties, the same If you can borrow money to borrow food, wouldn’t it be possible to solve the many difficulties you encounter.”

"Hearing this, everyone should be able to understand that this boss is the cornerstone of this big family. The biggest role he plays is to completely stabilize the family, so that no matter what difficulties the family encounters, with the help of everyone, Overcoming difficulties, the role played by the boss is huge."

"The boss I'm talking about is the bank."

"Everyone can think about it, my Jin court is encouraging the development of commerce and trade. Doing business requires silver. Without the support of silver, it will definitely not be able to continue. If at this time, the bank appears and concentrates everyone's wealth, To help those merchants who encounter difficulties to tide over the difficulties, and these merchants return the money after getting out of the predicament, and also have to pay a certain fee. Wouldn't this allow the merchants to develop well and avoid the danger of frequent bankruptcy? .”

"When the merchants develop, what role can they play? The workshops have expanded, and more common people are needed to do things. The common people work in the workshops, and when they get money, they can maintain their lives and support their families. The court can start from business. In the transaction, the tax is obtained, under such circumstances, wouldn't it be a large area of ​​stability."

"On the contrary, if this bank does not exist, merchants encounter difficulties, cannot borrow money, and what they are waiting for is bankrupt, and even unable to pay the wages of ordinary people who do things, what will happen, causing a large area of ​​instability, merchants I have no money, the workshops have collapsed, the people who do the work can’t get wages, and it’s hard to maintain life, at least it’s hard to live a stable life.”

"Speaking of this, I believe that everyone understands that the role of the bank is huge. It can ensure the stability of our Great Jin Dynasty, promote the rapid development of our Great Jin Dynasty, and even more regulate the business order of our Great Jin Dynasty."

"Let's look at the unified issuance of banknotes. With the support of the bank, especially the huge wealth in the bank, it is logical to issue banknotes in a unified way. The bank is directly run by the imperial court, that is, the imperial court and the bank are responsible for the banknotes. Credit, doing business requires a large amount of gold and silver transactions, if it is inconvenient to withdraw so much gold and silver from the bank every time, wouldn’t it be much more convenient to exchange it for paper money of the same value.”

"Of course, one thing I need to emphasize is the issue of credit. Whether it is the court, the bank, or the merchants, there must be a credit guarantee. Needless to say, the court and the bank, if they mess up, it may lead to the collapse of the dynasty. , As for saying that merchants are not trustworthy, they will not only face bankruptcy, but also legal punishment..."

The hall was very quiet, and everyone listened very carefully. Anyone could understand such a simple and clear explanation. After such a long time, everyone finally understood the role of the bank.

With such an understanding, who would not support the establishment of a bank? As for the unified issuance of banknotes, with the guarantee of the court and the bank, there is no need to worry too much. Of course, many officials understand that even if it is banknotes If there is a problem, these officials inside and outside the hall will not have difficulties in life. (To be continued..)