Ming politicians

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The imperial examinations in the Ming Dynasty were fixed and held once every three years. During this period, there were county examinations, government examinations, etc., and there were level-by-level selections. Those who passed the county examination were called Tongsheng, and those who passed the government examination were called Tongsheng. A student, or a scholar, if he has not obtained the status of a scholar, he is not eligible to participate in the provincial examination. The provincial examination is held in the provincial capital of each province. , is called the master, and the students and the students are all called scholars.

The provincial examination is followed by the general examination, which is also very important. Those who pass the general examination are called Gongshi and are eligible to participate in the final palace examination. Gong students who can participate in the palace examination are all called the emperor's students, that is, the emperor's disciples.

It's a pity that there were almost no disciples of the Son of Heaven in the Ming Dynasty. In the provincial and general examinations before the imperial examination, the candidates and tribute students who passed the examination had long been divided up by the chief examiner and became the chief examiner's students, unless they were the number one scholar, the second place and Tanhua, or It is the Chuanlu that makes it possible to feel that he is a student of the emperor.

The rules of the imperial examinations have lasted for thousands of years. During this period, except for small-scale improvements, the overall situation has not changed, but this time the situation is different. The emperor asked to change the rules of the imperial examinations.

Wanting to change the rules of the imperial examination is not a trivial matter. Zhu Shenxuan and others expressed their clear opposition, and many prime ministers agreed completely. They believed that the imperial examination lasted for thousands of years, and a fixed rule had been formed long ago. Scholars all over the world They are all here for this goal, and the sudden change of the rules of the imperial examination will cause chaos in the world and make all scholars panic.Affect the stability of the court.

In fact, the emperor's so-called revision of the rules of the imperial examination did not hurt the bones. The main reason was that he questioned the county examination and the general examination. The magistrate presided over the county examination, and the magistrate presided over the general examination. hands.This is not very suitable. Everyone has a different point of view, and the admission criteria are also different. Maybe the previous county magistrate or prefect has a different point of view from the next one, and the perspective of seeing the problem is different, which is likely to lead to Candidates are at a loss.

The imperial examinations are very torturous, and many candidates have spent their entire lives on it.I have been familiar with the Four Books and Five Classics since I was a child, and when I am old, I still have these few books. I can memorize them all by heart, but I can’t pass the exam. What is even more unacceptable is that many scholars never pass the exam in their entire lives. Juren.The years have passed, and I have lost touch with society.Apart from reading, I can't do anything, which really fulfills the saying that a scholar is useless.

Su Tiancheng proposed to change the rules of the imperial examination, but he did not expect to encounter such strong opposition, he hesitated for a while.

The imperial examinations that began in the Tang Dynasty have provided a large number of talents to all dynasties and generations.Under the circumstances that most of them are illiterate, the imperial examinations do have advantages that are different from the general ones, and they cannot be abolished for the time being. The imperial court can only rely on this method to select talents. If they really want to abolish the imperial examinations.Then we must popularize schools, and they are government-run schools, so that the children of ordinary people can enter the schools to read and understand the truth.

Popularizing the school not only requires a lot of money, but also requires a certain amount of time. It is impossible to think that such a thing, like a war, can be won in a few days, even if anyone guarantees that it can be done. Fudge.

Education is related to many aspects. The common people can’t eat enough to eat. How can they send their children to study? Even if the government bears the cost of studying, students always need to eat. Many times, the scholars in the school, It can also be the main labor force in the home.

There is also the issue of concept change. Popularizing schools means that the children of ordinary people must receive education, which means that the elite class of society will undergo major changes, and batches of common people will enter the imperial court with their heads held high.

For all these things, without adequate preparation, it is impossible to make a rash decision to make a change.

After a heated debate with Zhu Shenxuan, Yang Sichang, Fan Jingwen, Zhang Pu, Xu Eryi, Zhou Yanru and others, Su Tiancheng had no choice but to accept the suggestions of everyone, basically following the imperial examination mode of the previous dynasty. have a test.

But there is one thing that Su Tiancheng insists on, that is, regardless of Han, Manchu, or barbarians, all can take the imperial examination, and people from the Western Regions can also take part, let alone the vassal states belonging to the Jin Dynasty.

This suddenly expanded the scope of the imperial examination and had a major impact.

After the imperial decree was issued, scholars from the Nanyang countries came to Dajin early and entered the schools in Fuzhou County to study. Some scholars also came from the Western Regions. People in Fuzhou County often saw some blond and blue-eyed barbarians on the street. Holding the Four Books and Five Classics in his hand, he recited them with relish.

What caught Su Tiancheng's attention was the large number of candidates from Japan.

At this time, it is different from hundreds of years later. Japan still worships the whole of China from the heart. Toyotomi Hideyoshi back then had huge ambitions. He invaded North Korea during the Wanli period and planned to conquer North Korea and then conquer the Ming Dynasty. Unfortunately, this The move suffered a disastrous failure. Emperor Wanli was not at all confused about this matter, and he dealt with the Japanese pirates severely, and the Japanese pirates were out of breath.

When Su Tiancheng was the governor of Jiliao, he vigorously developed Laizhou, Dengzhou, and Qingzhou, and later spread to the whole of Shandong. Many people in Shandong and other places did business by themselves, and witnessed the prosperity and prosperity of Shandong with their own eyes. These Japanese After returning, he will definitely not be idle, he will talk about the situation in Shandong, and that General Tokugawa will not turn a deaf ear to it.

The Great Jin unified the world, avoided cruel fighting, and entered the capital at the smallest cost. For more than half a year, officials at all levels have begun to perform their duties in accordance with the requirements of the imperial court. During this process, the Metropolitan Procuratorate has played its role It plays an important role in supervising officials at all levels, punishing a group of corrupt officials, and not letting go of those officials who are fish and meat. Officials will tremble and their faces will turn pale.

The system is also slowly beginning to exert its power. Governments at all levels act in accordance with the system, and there are very few unreasonable actions.

The recovery in the south and other places is rapid, and changes are happening almost every day. The recovery in the north is also very fast. At least the business has begun to flourish, and the people finally have a place to do things. Be able to enter the workshop, earn some money, and maintain a living.

Such major changes in various parts of the Jin Dynasty can be felt by ordinary people, and so can other people.

All kinds of changes spread to many places through the merchants who came to do business.

In his heart, Su Tiancheng didn't have a very good impression of Japan, but he would not vent his anger hundreds of years later in this dynasty, and even asked the Great Jin Navy to attack Japan in a large scale, and to create a few big ones. The massacre, such a move is not very appropriate, and it has no name, unless the little Japan is restless and ready to move, then we can find a reason to send troops. Of course, what will happen in the later stage of exploitation is the future. something happened.

The imperial court also expressed concern about the large number of Japanese coming to take the imperial examination.

However, the imperial court paid the most attention to the examinees who came from the Later Jin Dynasty.

In fact, Houjin also conducted imperial examinations, imitating the practice of the Ming Dynasty, through the imperial examinations to recruit talents, but many Han people in Liaodong did not have much interest in the imperial examinations of Houjin, so the imperial examinations held by Houjin, participated There are not many Han people. With the addition of Jin’s rules, Manchus do not need to take the imperial examinations. Once they have birth, they can be hereditary. In other words, Manchus start when they are born. Because of their different identities, they enjoy different treatment. Similarly, if you can't enter the imperial court as an official, you can also enter the Manchu Eight Banners, get promoted through fighting, and quickly become an official in the court.

Therefore, many Han people from Liaodong participated in the imperial examinations held by the Ming court.

This time the imperial examination was not only attended by a large number of Liaodong Han people, but even Manchurians participated.

The Manchus distributed in Heishan, Gaizhou, Fuzhou, Xuancheng, and Xuanzhou gradually integrated into the Han people. They began to follow the rules of the Han people, urging their children to study and become sensible people. I don't know if I can take the imperial examination held by the imperial court, but there is always no harm in reading more.

The imperial court of the Jin Dynasty relaxed the restrictions on the imperial examinations, and Manchus can also participate in the imperial examinations held by the imperial court. Therefore, the Manchus in these places also have to participate in the imperial examinations.

So in the imperial court, there was a very fierce debate about whether to allow Japanese and Manchus to take the imperial examination. There were many people in favor and many people against it.

In the end, this debate reached the emperor, and the emperor's words sealed the coffin: the sea is tolerant to all rivers, but its tolerance is great.

The attitude of the Jin court is absolutely different. If even the Japanese and Manchus can’t tolerate it and show a fearful attitude, how can they show their tolerance? People have to take the imperial examination, just come, it’s nothing special Yes, after passing the exam, they will also enter the imperial court as an official and act according to the imperial court's requirements.

The imperial examinations to be held by the Jin court have begun to generate unprecedented enthusiasm. There are many discussions among scholars. They must have opinions on the fact that many barbarians can participate in this imperial examinations. However, some scholars think that this is Because of the power of the imperial court, Chang'an was also so generous in the heyday of the Tang Dynasty, which shows that the barbarians worshiped the imperial court and hoped to become a member of the Great Jin Dynasty and serve the imperial court.

(I am starting to write a new book "Iron Blood Crossing", I have been thinking for a long time, and I have also made major adjustments. I confidently believe that it is better than "The Politicians of Ming Dynasty". I look forward to receiving support in the future. I will publicize it here, thank you readers .) (to be continued..)