Research starts with PhD students

Chapter 46 Zhang Shuo: This is where the problem lies!
CP destruction.

This name is closely related to Tsung-Dao Lee and Chen-Ning Yang, who proposed the "law of parity non-conservation", believing that there is "mirror" space reflection asymmetry in the weak interaction of particles, and won the Nobel Prize in Physics for this.

On this basis, the physics community summarized the concept of "CP violation".

In 1964, James Cronin and Val Fitch provided clear signs that CP symmetry was also violated, for which they were awarded the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1980.

The physics community has long been pursuing the question of how the universe was formed.

The prevailing theory is that after the Big Bang, the universe expanded and cooled rapidly, and large numbers of particles and antiparticles combined and annihilated each other.

However, the behavior of particles and antiparticles is somewhat different during the process of combining and annihilating.

For every billion particles and antiparticles annihilated, one particle of matter remains and eventually forms all the matter in the universe today.

Therefore, "CP violation" can also be understood as the phenomenon that the decay processes of positive particles and antiparticles are different.

This is very important research.

Since the 60s, the field of high-energy physics has discovered the CP violation phenomenon in meson (lepton) systems through experimental research and analysis.

However, among the main particles that make up the world, the number of mesons is very small, and the extra positive matter produced when mesons decay is not enough to form the current world.

Therefore, if we want to perfectly explain the formation process of the universe, we must look for evidence of CP violation in baryons.

Baryons are the main particles that make up the world.

"Analyzing CP violation through baryon decay research" is an important scientific research topic of major high-energy physics institutions.

The CP violation experiment group of the Institute of High Energy Physics collects J/psi particles from the "fragments" of positron-electron collisions. This particle called "J/psi" will decay to produce positive and negative Corch hyperons.

After that, the positive and negative Corsi hyperons will continue to decay and disappear.

In this process, we can use experimental analysis to find evidence of CP violation in baryons.

The problem is that the signal from the strong force will mask the signal from the weak force.

This is where the difficulty of the research lies.

Now Agostini has publicly announced that the analysis of positive and negative Corsi hyperon decays has found a clear CP violation signal, which is equivalent to solving the problem.

This undoubtedly represents a major breakthrough in physics, which is no less than the discovery of the God particle, and even surpasses it.

The venue was in an uproar!
The discussion in the audience continued for a long time. Even Demant couldn't help but mutter to Zhang Shuo, "Impossible, absolutely impossible!"

"He's dreaming!"

“So many institutions are working on this, and he solved it with a new algorithm?”

"Whatever he says, I don't believe it!"

Others see it that way, too.

This achievement is so great that it is completely unbelievable.

If the person standing on the stage was not the famous Boorman Agostini, he might have been booed off the stage long ago.

Even Boorman-Agostini seems to be nothing compared to the achievement of discovering the 'baryon CP signal'.

Many people waited with distrust for Agostini to publish his so-called results.

Agostini seemed to be mentally prepared and he did not care about the doubts from the audience.

When the discussion paused, he said, "My team has developed a new algorithm that can amplify the CP detection signal in the analysis data."

"In the study of CP violation, the difficulty lies in the fact that the signal is hidden under the strong force, which makes it very difficult to detect."

"Our algorithm can eliminate most of the strong interference."

"The research to be released today is our new algorithm, called 'Evaluation and Analysis Method for CP Signals Based on Hyperon Decay'..."

Agostini began to explain.

The meeting place was very quiet, so quiet that no one spoke, and everyone listened attentively to Agostini's explanation.

Most people did not seek to understand the new algorithm, but rather to find problems with it. They simply did not believe the analysis results of Agostini's team.

If there is a problem, the problem lies in the algorithm.

Zhang Shuo was the same. He also felt that the results were not very reliable, so he simply created a task -
【Task 2】

[Research project name: Evaluation and analysis method for studying CP signals based on hyperon decay (difficulty: B). ]

【Progress: 0.001%.】

(The task can be canceled. The number of scientific research coins required to cancel the task is 0.)
(The remaining progress requires 200 scientific research coins.)
"Research requires 200 research coins."

"It seems that as long as the research requirements exceed 100 research coins, the difficulty will be judged as B level."

Zhang Shuo also listened carefully to Agostini's explanation.

Agostini started with the algorithm framework, starting with the core data screening method. During the explanation, someone adjusted the screen display so that everyone could understand it more clearly.

As the explanation becomes more in-depth, the progress of system tasks also continues to improve.

Soon, 50% was reached. It was already an hour later.

The meeting organizers only allocated one hour for Agostini, but no one urged him to finish quickly, and everyone continued to listen attentively.

Many people are also surprised at this because they have not found the problem yet.

Agostini has already talked about the second core of the algorithm - signal evaluation.

His team developed a signal evaluation system to eliminate most interference from strong signals and expand the impact of weak signals.

This is the most core part.

If a signal is clearly a strong signal, then it will be directly excluded; if it may be a strong signal or a weak signal, then it will remain.

Zhang Shuo understood and found that the progress of the task was still increasing.

When he noticed that the progress was over 90%, he thought Agostini had indeed completed the research, but eventually the mission progress stopped at '99.103%'.

Agostini's lecture took two and a half hours.

Even though there were two breaks in the middle, it was still too long. Many people couldn't stand listening any more, but there were still many people who persisted.

They all hope to find out what the problem is.

If they can’t find the problem, it may mean that they have witnessed the greatest breakthrough in physics in the 21st century!

Finally, Agostini finished the last part.

He stood back on the podium and faced the audience, and asked in a hoarse voice, "Is there any problem with my algorithm?"

Although it was a question, it was said in an affirmative tone, and there was a hint of sarcasm at the corners of his mouth, as if he was looking down on everyone.

The audience was silent.

Even the bearded Demant fell silent, staring blankly at the algorithm framework displayed on the screen.

Many people had the same expression as him. They all failed to find the problem. Agostini's algorithm seemed to have formed a perfect logical closed loop.

But, that's impossible?
Zhang Shuo was still frowning and thinking hard. He didn't hear the problem, but the task progress was stuck at "99%", which meant that there must be something wrong with the algorithm.

So, what's the problem?
He stared with a frown at the last part of the framework diagram, which was the signal evaluation system completed with reference to the deviation evaluation system.

"The problem must be here."

Zhang Shuo thought carefully, his brain working at an extremely fast speed.

Suddenly, his eyes lit up, and he stood up and shouted, "Mr. Agostini!"

In an instant, everyone looked over.

When they found out that the person who stood up was a very young East Asian man, many people were disappointed. They hoped that someone could find the problem, but with such strict algorithmic logic, what could a young person say?

Maybe, it’s not easy to even understand!
Some people who knew Zhang Shuo started discussing in a low voice, "Why did Zhang Shuo stand up?"

"Did he find the problem? Or did he still want to ask questions about something he didn't understand?"

"You are so brave to stand up in such an occasion!"

That’s what Gao Xiaohong thought.

She had never expected that Zhang Shuo would suddenly stand up. Whether he wanted to ask questions or raise doubts, there were many top scholars gathered in the conference hall.

If it were her, she wouldn't even dare to speak.

The bearded Demant also looked at Zhang Shuo in surprise, then gave him a thumbs up, and kept muttering, "Kill him! Kill him! Kill him!"

Zhang Shuo ignored the reactions of others and said seriously, "Mr. Agostini, most of your content is correct, but there are serious loopholes in the final signal evaluation system."

Agostini frowned and replied angrily, "You want to question my research?"

"You must be responsible for what you say!"

There was a sense of oppression in his voice. If it were someone with weaker psychological endurance, they might have sat down without confidence.

Zhang Shuo didn't care at all. He continued, "I don't know how you and your team did your research, but I'm sure you only did one calculation with this algorithm."

"right?"

He stared at Agostini questioningly.

Agostini was visibly stunned, and everyone knew the answer.

His team did exactly that with just one calculation.

Zhang Shuo got the answer, pointed his finger and said seriously, "If you had done the calculation a second time, a third time, or more times, you wouldn't be here to give a report at all!"

"Because you'll find obvious problems!"

"You will find that no matter how many times you calculate, no matter which experimental data you input, the results will be the same!"

(End of this chapter)