The Ming Dynasty did not revolutionize

Chapter 422 Computers, the Internet, and Household Registration Numbers
However, compared with the preparation of the nuclear test site, the more important thing is actually the upgrade arrangement of nuclear weapons.

Among the various weapons that Zhu Jianxuan knows, and among the weapons that humans can master at the current stage, the weapon that can release the greatest energy is not the atomic bomb.

Instead, it is a hydrogen bomb that uses the atomic bomb as a "fuze".

Although the atomic bomb is the fuse of the hydrogen bomb, an atomic bomb must be made before a hydrogen bomb can be detonated.

However, the theoretical research and technical preparation for the hydrogen bomb do not necessarily have to wait until the atomic bomb experiment is successful before starting from scratch.

It is entirely possible to start preparations before the atomic bomb test, as Shenzhou did in Zhu Jianxuan's previous life.

Just like when you cook at home, you can use one pot to steam the rice first, and then use another pot to stir-fry the vegetables.

The rice is steamed and the dishes are out of the pot, so they can be eaten together. This arrangement can save time.

At the same time, the transportation vehicles for dropping bombs have been prepared in advance, and the large-scale rocket project has been underway for two years.

In fact, among the three important military technologies, the atomic bomb, the hydrogen bomb, and the missile, their scientific research difficulty and production difficulty are not particularly high.

After all, the initial signs of this had already taken shape in the 1940s, and after all, a certain country that had just completed basic industrialization was able to do it in the 1960s.

The key is to have an industrial country of medium or larger size with sufficient industrial production capacity and resources.

And provide a continuous and stable supply of manpower, money, materials and energy.

If there is a definite direction, it is only a matter of time to make these things.

The current Ming Dynasty has nothing lacking, and Zhu Jianxuan can provide all the conditions required for these projects.

So everything is moving forward step by step.

The 28th year of Tiangong ended and the 29th year of Tiangong began. After Zhu Jianxuan celebrated his birthday, the regular new year court meeting was held on the 21st day of the first lunar month.

Then all ministries and agencies resumed their daily work.

After reviewing various routine affairs at the beginning of the new year, Zhu Jianxuan continued to focus on scientific research.

On the 25th day of the first lunar month, Zhu Jianxuan, accompanied by Wang Lai and Li Rui, went to the atomic energy laboratory in the New Palace of Beiyuan and summoned the heads of atomic energy-related projects.

First, he asked about the progress of the project on site and expressed his concern and attention.

Then he personally announced on the spot that the construction of the centrifuge uranium enrichment plant and the production reactor for element 94 had officially started.

Finally, Li Rui and Wang Lai were asked to select people from existing relevant researchers and organize another fusion laboratory.

Ask them what they know about fusion reactions, then propose the direction of inducing fusion reactions with fission reactions, and let them conduct research in this direction.

The craftsmen at the forefront of Ming Dynasty technology, especially those who are already involved in related research, have a basic understanding of these theories.

Some people have even considered whether fusion theory is feasible and whether it can be applied to military and industry.

People who have related ideas are not sure whether this idea makes sense. After all, fission still has potential observable objects and can occur under natural conditions.

But the theoretical conditions for fusion are too harsh.

Now that Zhu Jianxuan proposed this project, the great and always correct Emperor Tiangong directly proposed it, and the craftsmen who had related ideas immediately gained full confidence.

If Emperor Tiangong thinks that this project is worthy of special research, then there is a high probability that it will be successful.

Over the next period of time, Zhu Jianxuan would visit the newly established fusion laboratory every now and then and witness the laboratory being set up with his own eyes.

Then, I would share any experience I could think of that might be useful, and let the craftsmen do the specific theoretical analysis.

The relevant work was almost arranged, and Zhu Jianxuan took the time to visit the open academy of sciences outside.

He asked Zheng Fuguang to accompany him, and the various laboratories of the Academy of Sciences and the Academy of Engineering acknowledged it, and he especially went to check the progress of the computer interconnection project.

Zheng Fuguang showed Zhu Jianxuan how to operate a computer that was already connected to the Internet and introduced the current situation of the laboratory to Zhu Jianxuan:
“We have connected the computers and hard drives of various laboratories in accordance with His Majesty’s instructions.

“We have drawn up a set of common information exchange rules to enable the sharing of computing power and data among laboratories.

"On this basis, even smaller computers can call on the computing power and data of other large computers.

"Now the craftsmen are expanding the scale of the network and providing technical support to government offices that have special needs for computing power and data."

Zhu Jianxuan watched Zheng Fuguang simply operate the computer in front of him and use the small computer with keyboard, mouse and display screen to obtain data from the host.

Zhu Jianxuan nodded with satisfaction, and then reminded Zheng Fuguang and the craftsmen around him:

"Well done. In this network of computing power and data interconnection, remember to leave a longer address space for network devices and leave enough margin."

Zheng Fuguang immediately smiled and said:
“We remember your majesty’s reminder to reserve eight hexadecimal digits for the device address, which is equivalent to the capacity of thirty-two binary digits.

"There are nearly 4.3 billion addresses in total, which is definitely enough for everything."

Zhu Jianxuan thought about it for a moment and realized that this number of nearly 42 billion should be 9496.

Zhu Jianxuan had an impression of it, because it was the addressing space capacity of the 4-bit system, which was also the capacity of the IPv address pool in the previous life.

The IPv4 address that ordinary users see on computers and mobile phones is in a format similar to 192.168.1.255.

It looks like four groups of three-digit numbers, but the range of each group of numbers is from 0 to 255, and numbers above 255 cannot be typed.

Because it is actually a number translated from binary, the actual range is 00000000 to 11111111 in binary.

In this way, each group is an eight-bit binary number, and the digital capacity is 2 to the power of 8, which is a total of 256.

There are a total of four groups of eight-bit binary numbers, and the total capacity is 2 to the power of 32, and the total number of addresses is less than 43 billion.

This capacity was certainly more than enough in the early days of computers and the Internet.

In the early days, there were too few computers, and they were mainly large equipment in laboratories of major national laboratories and universities.

Researchers at the time could not have imagined that these nearly 4.3 billion addresses could ever be used up.

That means there are 4.3 billion computers in the world.

Even when personal computers began to enter the market, the capacity of this address pool was still not particularly tight.

The original researchers left enough space according to their own imagination.

However, in the Internet era, especially with the advent of the mobile Internet era, the capacity of this address pool is no longer sufficient.

Because there are billions of mobile phones in the world, each one will occupy an address.

These mobile phones can directly use up the address pool.

Moreover, the distribution of this address capacity is uneven. Institutions that participated in the early construction of the Internet directly occupied most of the address segments.

After the Internet was built in the latecomer countries, there were not enough addresses to use. They had to come up with shared variable IP addresses and add network layers to the end network, so that users in a certain area could become a large local area network.

Allow hundreds or even thousands of users to share one public network address.

As the scale of mobile Internet continues to expand, especially as the Internet of Things begins to emerge, shared IP addresses are becoming insufficient.

The key is that without a fixed Internet address, many typical Internet technologies are difficult to apply easily.

Fixed IP addresses have also become special commodities that can only be rented.

Therefore, many people in the industry have pushed for an upgraded version of IPv6, which increases the address capacity to sixty-four hexadecimal digits, which is actually 128 octal digits.

Theoretically, there are 3.4×10^38 billion network addresses.

However, IPv4 has continued to exist for more than ten years, forming an extremely stubborn usage habit in the entire industry.

At the same time, there are also groups of vested interests, especially institutions that participated in the early construction of the Internet and obtained a large number of addresses, and they still have enough addresses.

They do not want to phase out the simple and convenient IPv4, nor do they want to switch to IPv6 to accommodate other countries.

These addresses themselves are also a kind of benefit, and they don't want to give up.

At the same time, the IPv6 organization team is ambitious and intends to be compatible with both IPv4 addresses and the physical addresses of network cards.

As a result, out of a total of 128 bits of address, 80 bits are used for compatibility.

Daming is now building its own Internet from scratch, and with Zhu Jianxuan supervising and reminding it, it certainly cannot repeat the same mistakes.

Zhu Jianxuan had already reminded Zheng Fuguang and others to expose sufficient length for the network address.

As a result, they relaxed it to the level of four groups of eight binary digits.

If Zhu Jianxuan had not specifically reminded them, the standards set by the craftsmen themselves might have been lower.

After hearing Zheng Fuguang's answer, Zhu Jianxuan gave a clear reminder with some helplessness:
"This length is not enough. The address capacity needs to be increased and the field length should be at least doubled.

"It can be made into four groups of hexadecimal numbers, equivalent to 1844 binary digits, with a total address capacity of quadrillion."

If someone else had made such a request, Zheng Fuguang and other craftsmen might have simply ignored him, thinking that the other party was joking with them.

Thirty-two binary digits, a total of nearly 4.3 billion addresses, still not enough?

Now we have to add it directly to 1844 trillion!
Zheng Fuguang actually heard it clearly. The emperor specifically said two hundred million. Including the previous four digits, the total was a twenty-digit number.

Zheng Fuguang's lips trembled slightly, and he cautiously tried to confirm:

"Your Majesty... do you mean that in the future we... really... will need 180 trillion addresses? I cannot imagine..."

Zhu Jianxuan sorted out his thoughts a little and described the future scene to Zheng Fuguang and the craftsmen on site:

“You can imagine that in the future there will be 10 billion or even tens of billions of people in the world, and each of them will have several computers, or even hundreds or thousands of computers.

"Every computer has at least one Internet address, and may have more than one.

“This address pool capacity is not for computers, but for addresses of dedicated network hardware. A computer may have multiple network hardware.

“One person may own hundreds, thousands, or even tens of thousands of pieces of network hardware.

"In a person's home, all furniture, electrical appliances, even toys and clothes may have a network hardware.

“In a factory, all machines, all workers, and all tools also have hardware attached to them.

"In this way, all objects and all people can be directly connected through the Internet, and can also be directly found and located through the Internet.

"If you calculate it this way, the number of network addresses actually needed alone would be in the trillions.

"Adding extra margin and addresses for special purposes that cannot be distributed downward, it is appropriate to increase the address length to 64 binary bits."

The craftsmen around listened to Zhu Jianxuan's description and all fell into a state of daze, deep thought and fantasy.

They tried to think divergently and imagine what a unique scene the scene described by Zhu Jianxuan would be.

The key is how to achieve it and what effect it can produce.

After Zhu Jianxuan said this, he seemed to have thought of something else, something that could and should be arranged in advance.

Zhu Jianxuan called the Tongzhengsi Sheren and Zhongshu Sheren who were following him, and asked several grand secretaries of the cabinet, the minister in charge of civil affairs of the Shangshutai, and the vice ministers of the corresponding departments to come over.

Together with the craftsmen in charge of computers and the Internet from the Academy of Sciences, an office meeting was held at the Academy of Sciences.

After everyone arrived, Zhu Jianxuan spoke directly:
“I am now working on an office reform plan for the next ten to twenty years.

“In the future, I plan to have all official document delivery and processing, as well as civil information registration and management, handled by computer systems.

“Of course, our computers don’t have this capability and conditions now, but we need to be prepared for this kind of transformation in the future.

“So the Academy of Sciences and the Academy of Engineering need to coordinate with the corresponding departments to complete the allocation of household registration numbers first.

“All registered persons will be assigned a 12-digit household registration number, which will serve as their current identity number and as an account for registering various information in the future.

"At the same time, important assets under their personal names, such as land, houses, vehicles, ships, aircraft, factories, businesses, etc., should be numbered and registered accordingly.

“These asset numbers can take up four digits, plus the household registration number, for a total of 16 digits, which will correspond to future Internet hardware numbers.

“When computers and the internet became available to individuals, their household registration number became their default account number.

“At the same time, all official and private institutions, including government departments, companies, factories, and businesses, must also have a unified number.

“Inside the computer labs now, and in other institutions that are using computers and will soon join the interconnected system, and in government departments now.

“All of them must complete the number registration one after another to ensure that this standard is followed in the subsequent application process.”

Zhu Jianxuan said as he glanced at Zheng Fuguang and the Internet craftsmen:
"This is the arrangement. Sixteen digits doesn't seem to be enough. Remember to keep a plan for the upgrade."

The officials and craftsmen on the scene felt stunned and confused.

They were able to barely understand the plans and arrangements that Zhu Jianxuan talked about. The key was to register them with numbers for easy management.

But when it comes to using computers and the Internet for work, things like personal numbers and accounts, and things like Internet addresses, I'm completely confused.

Zhu Jianxuan saw the confusion of the people on the scene and further reminded them:

"If you don't understand why it is so, just do what I have arranged. If you don't know how to do it, just ask me directly."

(End of this chapter)