The Han culture is spreading strongly in Southeast Asia

Chapter 532: Zunghar and Hui

Mo Zibu looked at the little old man in front of him. A sour smell of sweat and a little bit of feces came from him faintly.

Judging from his hands and face, he had already washed them at the request of the eunuchs, but there was still a smell, which only proved that he was often exposed to this kind of environment.

Of course, this is because the rules are not so strict in Chengde. If it were in Beijing, one would definitely be cleansed before being allowed to meet the emperor.

Well, Mo Zibu is relieved. It seems that the bannermen below are indeed having a hard time.

Before he finished paying his respects, Yonggui began to gasp for breath. It seemed that the most serious problem he had was not his lungs, but a problem with his bronchia.

Mo Zibu quickly asked the eunuch to call over an imperial physician in Chengde. It would be too unlucky if the man died in the palace before the music even started.

After the examination was completed and he drank a bowl of medicine, his condition improved a lot and he was finally able to speak normally. Yonggui then began to introduce the situation in the Western Regions to Mo Zibu in more detail.

In fact, the Western Regions should not have been made into a province, because at that time, the situation north of the Tianshan Mountains and south of the Tianshan Mountains was completely different.

This is also different from the later period when the entire Western Regions became completely ruled by the Uighurs.

There are also a large number of Mongols living in the northern border, as well as ethnic groups such as the Solon and Western Bai outside the Great Wall. Of course, the largest number of people are Han people who came from the Han area.

Moreover, this place is not the gathering place of the Uighurs. The original residents here were the Dzungar Mongols, so the Qing government called this place the Dzungar tribe.

In contrast to the Junggar tribe, the area south of the Tianshan Mountains is where the Muslim Uighurs live. This is their base camp, and the Qing Dynasty called it Huibu.

"Your Majesty, the Chanhui of this Hui tribe, like the Kokand, Bukhara, and Khivan peoples of the Yangtze River, are all Uzbeks.

They have similar customs and languages, and the constant rebellions of the Hui people were all supported by these Uzbeks.

Moreover, these Uzbeks fabricated and attached themselves to many families that only existed in ancient books, calling themselves Khoja, which means descendants of the Prophet Mahmud.

They spiritually controlled the minds of the Hui people by constantly creating Khojas who had noble status in terms of bloodline and religion.

When I took office as the Prime Minister's Counselor for Xinjiang Affairs, I discovered that most of the Hui people were proud of their Uzbek ancestry, as if it was a great honor.

They hardly recognize the central government in the interior as their own people, but instead regard the Uzbeks in Central Asia as their own people."

After hearing this, Mo Zibu suddenly understood.

The identity of a time traveler has both advantages and disadvantages.

The advantage is that we know the general direction of the future and the direction of future technological advancement, so we can find the enemy with half the effort and determine the direction of future technological development with half the effort.

But the disadvantage is that the clear facts can easily obscure some of the changes in the development of affairs.

For example, a time traveler would never regard the Uighurs and Uzbeks as one ethnic group or even one nation like Yonggui did.

Because later republics have made ethnic distinctions and confirmed that they are not a single ethnic group.

But in fact, uh, how to say it, if we look at it at this time, Yonggui’s words are correct. The two ethnic groups may have different ancestral origins, but in other aspects, they can indeed be regarded as one ethnic group.

"So that's how it is. I was wondering why these Hui people were repeatedly deceived by others, unable to gain any benefits, but constantly rebelling against the imperial court. This is actually the reason."

"What about Uzbek's situation in the river?" Mozibu asked.

Yonggui showed a look of reminiscence and continued, “The Uzbeks had two khanates and one vassal state in He.

The two khanates were the Khiva Khanate and the Bukhara Khanate, and the vassal state was the Kokand Khanate.

"Kokand?" Mozibu exclaimed. It turned out that Kokand was founded by Uzbeks. No wonder it caused such a big commotion eighty years later.

Yonggui probably thought that Mozibu was wondering why Kokand was not a Khanate, so he explained:

"The Kokand Khanate was small and weak. It surrendered to General Zhao Hui over twenty years ago and paid tribute to the Qing Dynasty. It also paid tribute to the Bukhara Khanate to the west. Therefore, its leader was not elected as the Great Khan, and it cannot be considered a khanate."

It turned out that Kazakhstan was not included in the Three Khanates of Central Asia. Mozibu felt a little surprised.

"It turns out that the so-called three khanates of Central Asia are Khiva, Bukhara, and Kokand, and Kazakhstan is not one of them."

Yonggui didn't quite understand what Central Asia was, and didn't know why Mozibu was so obsessed with the title of the Three Khanates, but he didn't ask. Instead, he continued to humbly explain to Mozibu.

"Your Majesty, the Kazakhs are different from the three Uzbek Khanates. The three Uzbek Khanates are real Khanates with large populations and strong people.

There are various religious groups under it, which control the country at all levels. When the Khan of the Khanate has the support of the religious groups, he can tightly control the country.

Although the Kazakh Khanate is called a Khanate, in fact the connection between the three Yuzu was not as strong as that between the Left and Right Xiongnu and the East and West Turks in the past, and was even weaker than that between the various leagues of Mongolia today.

Moreover, when it comes to the belief in Islamic religion, the three Uzbek states are almost crazy. They live strictly according to the teachings and regard the scriptures as laws. Even if they are nobles, they will be punished if they violate the provisions of the scriptures.

The rest of the people pray three times a day without interruption, and they are more diligent than farming and herding sheep. It makes people shudder when they hear about it.

In contrast, in Kazakhstan, many people who are close to Russia do not believe in Islamic religion but in Orthodox Christianity.

Those close to our country mostly believe in Shamanism, and some even believe in Eternal Blue Sky, a religion that even the Mongols no longer believe in devoutly, and some also believe in the Yellow Sect.

Only those close to the three Uzbek states tend to believe in Islam, but not so fanatically.

Some of what Yonggui said was actually not accurate. For example, at that time, except for a few tribes that believed in Orthodox Christianity, the rest of the Kazakhs basically believed in Islamic religion.

But what can I say about their belief? It is mixed with a lot of long-standing primitive shamanistic beliefs.

That’s why there is a bizarre law in the Kazakh Code that stipulates that anyone who can be proven by seven or more people that they have insulted Allah will be put to death.

This shows that the religious beliefs of the eastern Kazakhstan people, namely the Middle Juz near the Ili River Valley and most of the Great Juz in the north, are not stable.

"So that's how it is. I said Qianlong was always arrogant and narrow-minded, but the Kazakh Khan Abulai always disobeyed him and allowed his tribe to roam in the Ili River Valley, but he didn't take any action. It turns out that the Kazakhs are not the country's enemies in the Western Regions, but the Uzbeks are."

Mozibu finally understood why Qianlong, given his character, was so permissive towards Abulai Khan of Kazakhstan. It turned out that he wanted to save his limited energy to deal with the Uzbeks.

Mo Zibu's initial understanding was a typical understanding of a time traveler.

That is, they think Kazakhstan is one of the three khanates in Central Asia, and they also think Kazakhstan is the most powerful country in Central Asia.

But in fact, the Uzbeks are the most powerful. The so-called Three Khanates in Central Asia also refer to the three Khanates established by the Uzbeks.

Hearing Mo Zibu's complaints about Qianlong's pride and pettiness, Yonggui could only smile awkwardly, then continued Mo Zibu's words and said:
"Indeed, not only did Emperor Qianlong endure it, he even decided to promote the Yellow Sect in Yili, pulling the Kazakhs out of the embrace of the Muslim community and turning them into the next Mongols.

But later on, things got complicated and I never took action.”

After listening to this, Mo Zibu nodded in agreement. Qianlong must have thought about it, but later he did not put it into practice because he was old and focused on pleasure.

The reason why Mo Zibu knew it so clearly was that the Qing Dynasty built the Jingyuan Temple in Chabuchaer County, Yili in the 1892th year of the Guangxu period () after it regained the Western Regions.

In the 1893th year of the reign of Emperor Guangxu (), Shengyou Temple was built in Zhaosu County, Yili.

There are also a large number of Guandi Temples, Niangniang Temples, etc. around these two Yellow Sect temples. These temples are still exerting influence even in the Republic.

However, although the construction during the Guangxu period could consolidate the remaining territory of the Ili River Valley, it was still too late.

Behind religion is culture, and behind culture is national strength.

During the reign of Emperor Guangxu, the Manchu Qing regime representing China had become extremely weak, with little influence or even face in the international arena.

The construction of these temples only promoted the unity of local Han, Mongolian, and Western Bai ethnic groups, and helped the country defend Ili.

But for the Kazakhs who have been completely controlled by Islam, it has no appeal at all.

Mo Zibu, who traveled here in the past, felt very regretful. If this matter had been done during the Qianlong period, perhaps a longer section of the Ili River Valley could have been defended.

The king and his minister continued to talk for a while, and Mo Zibu felt that they had gained a lot.

At least he figured out who the country's biggest enemy was in the Western Regions.

At least at this time when it is extremely inconvenient to project power to the Western Regions, we can be as targeted as Qianlong.

So when it came time to summarize, Mo Zibu asked Yonggui, "So, in your opinion, my policy in the Western Regions will have to follow the old ways and continue Qianlong's usual style for the time being."

Yonggui coughed dryly a few times and adjusted his spirit to the best, because this was the critical moment that would change the fate of their entire family.

"In general, I think there is no problem, but in some details, Your Majesty is different from Emperor Qianlong.

The reason why Qianlong was able to defeat the Dzungar Khanate and force the Hui and Kokand to kneel down and beg for mercy, but was never able to pacify the Hui, was because he did not dare to invest a large amount of manpower in the Hui.

All these bannermen, including the Sauron and Xibai, have less than two million people. Not many of them can go to the Western Regions, only about 20,000 to 30,000 at most.

However, Emperor Qianlong did not dare to use the Han people, who had the largest population.

Because it is tens of thousands of miles away from the Hui tribe, if a large number of Han people are moved there, they will join forces with the Hui tribe to overthrow the Qing Dynasty and restore the Ming Dynasty, expel the Manchus and restore the Han people, which will probably cause even more trouble.

But for you, His Majesty, you are the great emperor who saved the Han people from dire straits, and you will not have this concern at all.

Now, after twenty years of turmoil, the Hui population is only 380,000. Even if there are discrepancies in the official household registration statistics, adding another 150,000 is no more than a figure.

Therefore, the current population of the Hui people is at most around 500,000, which is indeed too large a number for the Qing Dynasty to suppress.

But for Dayu, it is not impossible to migrate 500,000 Han people there in ten years.

If 500,000 Han Chinese arrived in Hui, no matter how powerful the Khoja was, he would not be able to stir up any more trouble."

"Well said!" Mo Zibu clapped his hands and laughed.

Although Yonggui did not know that Mo Zibu had decided to drive all the rebel troops from Shaanxi and Gansu over, let them seize the tribe's farmland and pastures, and then take them back to attack Kokand, his general idea was still correct.

Seeing Mo Zibu happy, Yonggui was also very happy. He felt that his whole family would soon be free from the miserable life on the ranch. Although he was dying, his children and grandchildren still had a bright future to live.

"I thank His Majesty for your praise. Since Your Majesty thinks what I say makes sense, I will boldly offer a few more suggestions."

"Just say it!" Mo Zibu raised his hand happily and let Yonggui continue.

Yonggui stood up from the small stool he had been given, bowed to Mo Zibu, and then said, "Your Majesty wants to pacify the Hui people, and there is no shortage of people to fill the gap, so let's just use the sword to solve the problem.

But we are not going to kill the Hui people, but the people of the three kingdoms in Hezhong."

"Go kill them?" Mo Zibu hesitated for a moment.

"Yes, we must kill the people of the Three Khanates." Yonggui said loudly, "Because even if we eliminate the Hui people, there will still be Muslims coming from Andijan, so if we want to kill them, we must kill them at the source.

The three Central Asian states had a population of only over three million, which seemed to be five times that of the Dzungar Khanate, but the manpower that His Majesty could mobilize was fifty times, or even a hundred times that of the Qing Dynasty.

Therefore, as long as we deal with the three kingdoms in Hezhong as we did with the Dzungar Khanate, the problem of the Hui people will naturally be solved.”

As he spoke, Yonggui became a little excited, and he fell to his knees with a thud.

"Your Majesty, many of the Bannermen have fought in the Hui tribe, such as Hailu and his son who are waiting outside the palace for an audience.

We are all willing to be your henchmen and minions, and serve you to stabilize the Western Regions. Please, Your Majesty, give us a chance to atone for our sins!"

(End of this chapter)