The Sun Never Sets Great China

At this time, Myanmar was in the restoration period of the Taungoo Dynasty. At the end of the 13th century AD, the glorious Bagan Dynasty in Myanmar fell, and Myanmar entered a period of great division after that.In northern Myanmar, the Ava Dynasty was formed, centered on Ava City (near Mandalay), ruled by the Shan people, while in the south, the Baigu Dynasty, centered on Baigu (now Bagu), ruled by the Mon nationality, was formed.

From 6 to 1425, the two countries clashed continuously, known as the "40 Years' War" in history.In addition to these two big countries, there are Taungoo, Mubang, Mengyang, Mengmi, Arakan and other countries, among which Taungoo of the Burmese is the strongest.

After the Shan people ruled Ava, the Bamar people couldn't bear their oppression and moved to Toungoo one after another. During the 40-year war, Taungoo was far away from the war zone and was not damaged by the war. It became a refuge for the Bamar people to escape war and famine, so the population continued to increase.So, they launched a fierce struggle on the land of Myanmar.Similarly, Mengyang and Mupang in the north also took advantage of Awa's participation in the Burmese civil war and weakened their power to develop their own forces. A greater change is about to take place in the land of Burma.

In 1527, Silun, the son of Silu, the leader of the Meng State, joined forces with Hanlie, the leader of Mubang, and Meng Miguo to capture Awa City, killed Awa King Mang Jisui (Ruinan Qiaoxin) and his wife and children, and established his family Mang. Bu Xin was the king of Ava, and the three kingdoms shared the land of Ava.

In 1531, the 15-year-old Mangruit (Myanmar name Delin Ruiti) succeeded to the throne in Toungoo. From then on, the most powerful dynasty in Myanmar history was established, known as the Toungoo Dynasty in history.Mangruiti's father, Ming Jiyu, married the daughter of King Ava for a political marriage, and thus obtained the "granary" of Jiaokexi as a dowry, which promoted the development of agriculture; he also formed an alliance with the powerful Baigu Dynasty to contain the Ava Dynasty invasion.

Just as the Ava Dynasty and the Baigu Dynasty were fighting each other and losing both sides, Toungoo was recharging his energy and gathering strength.Before the coronation, Mangruiti must participate in the piercing ceremony and initiation ceremony. In order to show their prestige, Mangruiti is determined to hold the ceremony in the four holy lands of Myanmar, Ruimutao Pagoda.

This pagoda is located on the edge of the capital of the Burmese overlord Baigu Dynasty. Mang Ruiti selected [-] elite cavalry, led by himself, entered the enemy's territory in the dark, and arrived at Ruimutao at sunrise.

The Mon people in the city thought these cavalry were the vanguard of an invading army.He hastily closed the city gate and guarded the city, losing precious time.When they learned that there were only [-] Burmese soldiers inside the Ruimutao Pagoda, they rushed out of the city immediately.surrounded the temple.

At this time, the ear piercing ceremony is about to end, and the astrologer in the palace is piercing Mangrui's ears.When the sentinel reported urgently, Mangrui said calmly: "Pierce your ears well. My ears are more important than those of the Meng people." The ceremony ended.Mang Ruiti immediately led his cavalry out of the encirclement of the Meng army.None of Meng Jun dared to intercept.

Mang Ruiti returned victorious, and his heroic deeds spread throughout the country. The Burmese were inspired, but the Shan and Mon people were terrified.This special ear piercing ceremony boosted the prestige of the young mangruiti and the Toungoo Dynasty.

After that, the Mangrui style first developed to the south, and a war broke out with the Lanna Thai Kingdom in northern Thailand (called the Eight Hundred Xuanweisi in the Ming Dynasty), and captured part of its territory.He also forced Lan Natai to submit to him, and took advantage of the internal strife in the Baigu Dynasty in the south. When the brothers of the Baigu royal family were fighting for power, Mang Ruiti waited for an opportunity to reconcile.

Obtain a large amount of land ceded by both parties.However, Mangrui Ti was not satisfied. In the end, the two brothers of the Baigu Dynasty were attacked by Mangrui Ti one after another, and Mangrui Ti completed the unification of southern Myanmar.

After taking control of southern Myanmar, Mangruiti turned its attention to the north. In order to strengthen its own strength, Mangruiti implemented a policy of uniting the Mon people, using Mon soldiers for their use, and hired 700 Portuguese soldiers with modern weapons and warships. People, just as the power of the mangrui body was in full swing, in 1544, King Kangmeng of Ava joined forces with Xibo, Manmo, Mengyang, Mengmi, Mengnai, and Yanghui to form a huge army of seven countries (chieftains) in an attempt to capture the humble absurd.

Mang Ruiti sent Mang Yinglong, the son of a wet nurse, to fight. Mang Yinglong commanded superbly and easily defeated the mighty Allied Forces of the Seven Nations, winning the victory known as the "Battle of the Seven Kingdoms" in history. In the new year of jumping, Mangrui Ti held a coronation ceremony in Pyay City with Mon and Burmese ceremonies, and claimed to be the king of upper and lower Burma, marking the peak of Mangrui Ti's career.

At the end of 1548, Mangrui Ti asked Kui Luo (Thailand) to pay a tribute to a white elephant, but was rejected. He led an army of more than 30 to invade Kui Luo from the Three Pagodas, thus kicking off the protracted Thai-Myanmar War that did not end until the beginning of the 19th century. In the prelude, Mangrui’s army quickly surrounded the capital of Ayutthaya. Although Mangrui had 1000 Portuguese mercenaries, the Portuguese who stood on the side of Ayutthaya were even more powerful. [-] people.After being unable to attack for a long time, Mang Ruiti decided to retreat in an orderly manner.

Not long after he retired from Zhuoluo, Mang Ruiti entered his old age.He was immersed in drinking and hunting, and completely lost the arrogance of the previous nearly 20 years.Three years later, he was assassinated and the Baigu Dynasty, which was wiped out by Mangrui Body, was restored.

After Mangruit was assassinated, the Toungoo Dynasty fell apart. Mangyinglong, Mangruit's successor, only had a well-disciplined army, but never controlled a single fortress. It didn't take Mang Yinglong to lead his army to unite the Burmese again within two years. After four years, the restored Baigu Dynasty perished, and the Toungoo Dynasty regained its prosperity.

After that, Mang Yinglong fought east and west, provoked the Ming court many times, and tried to invade the interior of the Ming Dynasty several times, but failed. In 1581, Mang Yinglong died.

In the last years of Mang Yinglong's reign, Myanmar's territory has become unprecedentedly vast, reaching Lincheng (Vientiane) in Laos in the east, Manipur in India in the west, the coast of the Indian Ocean in the south, and nine Shan tribes on the border between China and Myanmar in the north. Bang, occupying most of the Indo-China Peninsula, removed all the power of the Ming Dynasty in northern Myanmar, and achieved the most powerful period in Myanmar's history.

After Mang Yinglong's death, his son Mang Yingli succeeded to the throne. In the winter of 1582, Mang Yingli was persuaded by Yue Feng, a traitor who had defected from Yunnan, to encourage him to invade the Ming Dynasty and complete the great cause that his father had not completed. There were hundreds of thousands of soldiers and elephants, and they sent troops to attack Yunnan from multiple directions.

The Ming Dynasty just woke up and began to mobilize generals and soldiers from various places to fight the Burmese army.At that time, Mu Changzuo, Duke of Guizhou, led his troops to move to Erhai Lake, and Liu Shizeng, the governor of Yunnan, also led his troops to Chuxiong. They quickly recruited tens of thousands of Han Chinese and local troops to fight against the Burmese army and won a comprehensive victory.

In 1583, generals Liu Ting and Deng Zilong of the Ming army set out from Longchuan and Mengmi to attack Awa City. The Burmese general Meng Shao surrendered to the Ming army. Meng Shao was Mang Yingli's uncle.The original Burmese generals guarding Longchuan, Mengyang, Manmo and other places all retreated, and Yue Feng and his son were executed later.

Mang Yingli encountered a major setback in the war against the Ming Dynasty, and then there were signs of internal instability.His uncle Mengshao's ambitions swelled, and he tried to collude with the two king brothers Piyahou and Dongyuhou to launch a rebellion to seize the throne of Mangyingli. After Mangyingli got the news, he easily crushed the turmoil. Died in exile in the Ming Dynasty.

But Mang Yingli did not accept the lesson, and started a career of fighting every year, launching the second, third, and fifth northward advances respectively, all of which were defeated by the Ming army united with various countries.

After successive years of failed campaigns, the Taungoo Dynasty had lost its brilliance, and Mangyingli did not wage wars with foreign countries. It could only protect itself within the capital. Pyay, Ava, Chiang Mai and other places declared independence one after another. Mang Yingli's guards also abandoned the poor king, and Mang Yingli was killed by his cousin Dongyuhou.

The decline of Mangyingli did not bring about the final demise of the Toungoo dynasty.Mang Yinglong's youngest son, King Liangyuan (reigned 1600-1605), saved the decline, occupied the "granary" area centered on Ava, and preserved half of the mountains and rivers in Upper Myanmar, known as the Liangyuan period in history.

Anabilon (reigned from 1605 to 1628), who succeeded his throne, regained all the lost land in Lower Myanmar, recovered Shalian occupied by the Portuguese in three years, and expelled the Portuguese from Myanmar, thus completing the unification of Myanmar again .

The king of Burma after Anatalon was Thalong. When Anatalon was in power, he abandoned the foreign expansion war that cost people and money, resumed paying tribute to the Ming Dynasty, and devoted himself to the recovery and development of the domestic economy, and allocated land to landless people. In the 38th year of the peasantry, he also conducted a national census and compiled survey statistics on household registration, arable land area, output and taxation in various places as the basis for taxation and labor.

Thalong's efforts made the Toungoo Dynasty prosperous and strong again. However, after King Gui led the remnant forces and the Manchu Qing army into Burma, Burma was suddenly weakened by the two armies.

This time the two and a half armies went south to attack South Asia, and 20 troops entered the attack on Burma alone. Huang Ziya had a different opinion from Zhang Huahan on the issue of whether to negotiate peace.

"Myanmar envoy Ping Dali is the son of the Burmese king and the eldest prince of Burma. They are quite sincere. They are willing to let us be the suzerain." Huang Ziya looked at Zhang Huahan and said.

"Chairman Huang, it is no longer necessary for Myanmar to be our vassal state. Now we want to completely occupy it, let the domestic residents and scholars from Hainan Island immigrate and assimilate there, let the aborigines there come to live in our Central Plains, and That piece of land completely belongs to the territory of our Chinese Empire, so there is no need to spend more time and words before they completely surrender. If you want to contact them, I will not force you, but my army can only follow my This is just part of the grand blueprint of our Chinese Empire." Zhang Huahan said seriously.

For the sake of the country, Zhang Huahan can be a person heavily in debt, but no one should touch his bottom line. He does not want to be a vassal state in name, as long as it is land. He wants to make the country of the Chinese nation the largest territorial country in the world. This one, No one can stop it, including Huang Ziya, even at the expense of turning his face.

Seeing Zhang Huahan's resolute attitude, Huang Ziya had no choice. To be honest, there was nothing he could do. He could not command the army. Although three of the six army commanders supported him in name, they did not vote in the election. I voted for him, but once there was a conflict of orders between him and Zhang Huahan, all army commanders, including Shi Lang, would not obey his orders. In the military, all commanders obeyed Zhang Huahan's orders, and the generals who were close to Huang Ziya were all below the commander of the group army Yes, even if you are the deputy commander or army commander, you are restricted and cannot obey him, "Okay, do as you want." Huang Ziya said.

"Now let me tell you about the Japanese daimyos and some vassals wanting to buy firearms." The Ministry of Foreign Affairs Jiang Yun spoke, and he continued: "In view of the sharpness of the Tokugawa family's firearms, seventeen forces came here this time to ask for a batch of firearms." Firearms, seventeen factions including the Kawauchi family, Yamauchi Tadyoshi, Mori family, Shimadzu Mitsuhisa, Satake Yoshitaka, Tamura family and other daimyos or vassals sent people to beg for our weapons. One reason is because our weapons are advanced, Another reason is that we defeated the [-] elite army of the Tokugawa family in Japan. The firearms of the [-] elite army were obtained by the Tokugawa general family from Westerners by spending most of their resources. Now the power of the Tokugawa family is being counterattacked by various daimyos and vassals, and Japan is now in a mess, so we need to sell them weapons."

Liu Shijie, Deputy Minister of the Military Department, said: "Firearms are related to the secrets of our army. How can we allow them to be sold? What if these Japanese people use the firearms sold by our country to attack our country in the future? Who can bear the responsibility?"

Zhang Huahan thought for a while, and suddenly thought of the countless old-fashioned weapons in the arsenal managed by the Ministry of Finance, "I want to ask you whether the guns are unique to our country? Of course not, the Russians in the north used muskets, and the former Ming The firearms unit even hired Westerners as instructors, and the matchlock guns of the Westerners are mediocre, and the flintlock guns later will be more sophisticated than the most advanced firearms of the previous Ming Dynasty, even if this is the case, why keep it secret.”

Seeing that Zhang Huahan didn't continue, Zhou Manwen said, "Your Excellency is confused. Don't talk about the past. Even Westerners have no country with firearms that can compare with ours. If Westerners have firearms because of money, they don't care about themselves. What’s the point of buying the most sophisticated weapons of our country? Isn’t this traitorous?” Many ministers frowned when they heard that Zhou Manwen spoke stably, “Zhou Manwen, if you talk nonsense again Get out of here, this is a high-level national meeting, what are you talking about?" Huang Ziya snapped.

Although Zhou Manwen's words made Zhang Huahan displeased, but after thinking about it, he felt that Zhou Manwen usually had a sense of propriety. Why was he so unrestrained today? Did this guy do it on purpose? The most sophisticated weapons? Our country promised them to buy muskets and cannons, but it didn’t say what kind of muskets and cannons to buy. When have you seen the best tea from the Westerners in the Central Plains? At least the tea we drink in meetings Can’t you get it abroad?” Of course, the best tea leaves are given as tributes to the country’s administrators, and the second-tier teas are not necessarily exported, but most of them are third-tier teas. It was a sudden realization.

Zhou Manwen said: "Chairman Zhang, what I want to say is that it would be a waste of resources for the Ministry of Industry and Commerce to produce inferior products for several small countries. Now the Ministry of Industry and Commerce is going to build a railway from the northeast to the south of the Yangtze River. Xi'an, Kunming, Guangzhou and other places have started to lay railways and prepare to build railway lines covering most of the country. Moreover, the power plant project and the construction of wire lines that you presided over almost made the Ministry of Industry and steel manufacturers under the Ministry of Industry and Commerce busy. , I’m afraid it’s not feasible to produce defective firearms now.”

Ever since Zhang Huahan and the research department developed generators and electric lights when building trains, all the officials have seen the benefits of electric lights, and naturally they all want to use electric lights in their homes, but generators are easy to handle, and so are light bulbs. , but the production speed of the electric wires of the Ministry of Industry is far behind the demand. The outer surface of the electric wires must be insulated with rubber, shellac or asbestos, and rubber and shellac are widely used, and they are only used in various types of steam engines. Rubber and shellac account for a large part of the production, and only a small part of rubber and shellac can be used to produce electric wires.

Although the state ordered to expand the breeding of lac insects, and Zhang Huahan ordered that all Nanyang merchant ships and military ships must return one ton of rubber at a time, the supply is still in short supply. The state department buildings are built on the Zhongnanhai side of the capital. Zhongnanhai’s tourism is open, so the national office area buildings were built between the imperial palace and Zhongnanhai, so the national department buildings first installed electric lights and then erected wires in the imperial palace and Zhongnanhai, but the first installation of electric lights has passed For more than half a year, there is still one-third of the capital without electricity, and the mansions of several officials present here do not have electricity.

Tian Wenchuan, Minister of the Household Registration Department, said: "Yes, these countries are all unfamiliar white-eyed wolves. Selling firearms to them is just asking for trouble."

Zhang Huahan smiled and said, "My lords, what I want to say is that selling firearms to them doesn't need to consume the resources of the Ministry of Industry, nor does it need the Ministry of Industry to spend time doing it separately."

Everyone fell silent when they heard it. Zhou Manwen knew that Zhang Huahan had extraordinary abilities, and also knew that there were some very special figures around him who seemed to be gods, but could gods make inferior firearms out of thin air?He fell silent, Huang Ziya said, "Where did Chairman Zhang get the firearms for them?"

Zhang Huahan still smiled and said: "I have my own method. All the firearms left over from the previous Ming Dynasty and the weapons seized from the Manchu Qing Army and Zheng Jiajun and other places, except for a few returned to furnace, most of them are still in the warehouse of the Ministry of Industry and Commerce."

An official from the Ministry of Industry said: "Chairmen, my lords, these firearms are of poor quality and low power. The refining stopped and the remelting was stopped, and most of them are still sealed in the warehouse of the Ministry of Industry." Shen Jinlong, Minister of Industry and Commerce, gave the subordinates of the Ministry of Industry a hard look, and he said: "If we can sell all this large number of firearms That’s good, this batch of firearms is huge, occupying a lot of warehouses of the Ministry of Industry, selling them to the Japanese, at least helping the Ministry of Industry clean up the warehouse, the Ministry of Industry and the Ministry of Commerce absolutely support the chairman’s resolution.”

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