Glamor Economics

Chapter 175

Chapter 22, Section 4 In fact, you can pay less tax—reasonable tax avoidance

小李于某年1月15日进入终南海贸易公司工作，月工资为10000元，公司的工资结算日是每月的30日，所以该月小李的应发工资为5000元，扣除掉约20%的四金和2000元的个税起征额后为2000元，则小李本月的应纳税额为2000×税率-速算扣除数=2000×15%-125=175元。到了第二个月，小李的应发工资为10000元，还是扣除掉约20%的四金和2000元的个税起征额后为6000元，则小李二月份的应纳税额为6000×税率-速算扣除数=6000×20%-375=825元。问题来了，如果公司每月发放两次工资，即每次5000元，则交税额为175×2=350元，而每月发放一次的话则需交税825元。公司是否可以进行这样的操作进行避税？

When it comes to tax avoidance, you may ask: "Paying taxes is an inescapable responsibility, how can you say that tax avoidance is reasonable?" "Isn't tax avoidance a crime? How can we do it?" We should look at these issues dialectically.Tax avoidance is different from tax evasion. Tax avoidance is to reduce tax expenditure in a reasonable way, while tax evasion is not to pay taxes on items that must be paid.

Reasonable tax avoidance, also known as tax saving or tax planning, means that taxpayers, guided by the government's tax policy, optimize the selection of tax payment plans through the arrangement of business structure and transaction activities, so as to reduce tax burden and obtain legitimate tax benefits.

From the current point of view, individuals can effectively avoid taxes through investment tax avoidance and income tax avoidance.

1. Investment tax avoidance
Individual investors can make full use of various preferential tax policies for individual investment in my country to avoid tax reasonably.At present, for individuals, the most widely used method is investment tax avoidance.Investors can mainly use stocks, funds, treasury bonds, education savings, insurance products, and domestic and foreign currency wealth management products launched by banks.

For investment funds, due to the dividends, bonuses and corporate bond interest income obtained by the fund, 20% of the personal income tax has been withheld and paid by the listed company during the distribution period to the fund, and the personal income tax will no longer be withheld when the fund distributes dividends to individual investors. Income tax, currently, dividends distributed by open-end funds such as stock funds, bond funds, and currency funds are tax-free.For those investors who are in good financial condition and pursue stable income, using funds to invest in tax avoidance is undoubtedly a good choice.

As a "gilt-edged bond", treasury bonds are not only the safest and safest way of investment and financial management, but also favored by investors because they can be exempted from interest tax.Although the temptation of bond income has weakened due to the impact of interest rate hikes, for those elderly investors with weak risk tolerance, it is also worth considering to use treasury bond investment to avoid tax.

In addition, for those ordinary working families with "students", it is also a good choice to use education savings to reasonably avoid taxes.Compared with ordinary bank savings, education savings is established by the state to encourage urban and rural residents to accumulate education funds. Its biggest feature is that it is exempt from interest tax. Therefore, the real income of education savings is 20% higher than other savings of the same level.However, not everyone can apply for education savings. Its object is only for students who are in the fourth grade of primary school (inclusive), and the maximum deposit limit is 2 yuan.In addition to the above-mentioned investment varieties, the common domestic and foreign currency wealth management products in the market can also avoid tax.

In addition to these common investment and wealth management products, because my country's tax law stipulates that "insurance compensation is exempt from personal income tax", investors can also use insurance to avoid tax reasonably.From the current point of view, whether it is dividend insurance, pension insurance or accident insurance, when receiving dividends and compensation, the insured does not need to pay personal income tax.Therefore, for many people, buying insurance is also a good financial management method, which can reasonably avoid taxes while obtaining the required protection.

In addition, provident funds and trust products are not subject to personal income tax.Although the provident fund can avoid taxes, it cannot be withdrawn at will, and the liquidity of funds is not strong.The income from trust products is not subject to personal income tax. However, due to the high investment threshold and risks of trust products, it is not a product that most ordinary investors can invest in.

2. Income Tax Avoidance
In addition to investment tax avoidance, there is another tax planning method that is often overlooked, that is, income tax avoidance.Due to national policy-such as industrial policy, employment policy, labor policy and other oriented factors, there are many preferential tax policies in my country's current tax laws and regulations.As a taxpayer, if you fully grasp these policies, you can reasonably avoid taxation and increase your actual income.

For example, those who want to start their own businesses, according to the policy, among the employees they employ, more than 30% of laid-off workers or veterans can be exempted from business tax and income tax for 3 years.For those just starting out, this incentive can easily save themselves 3 years of taxes.As for the general public, as long as they have a good grasp of the state's policy of different tax bases and tax rates for different income groups, they can also save taxes cleverly.

Xiao Wang is an employee of an Internet company with a monthly salary of 3500 yuan and a monthly rent of 800 yuan.my country's "Individual Income Tax Law" stipulates that wages and salaries are applicable to excessive progressive tax rates.After deduction of 2000 yuan from salary income, the taxable income is 1500 yuan, and the applicable tax rate is higher.If he reached an agreement with the company when he signed the labor contract, the company will arrange his accommodation (800 yuan will be paid directly as a welfare fee), and his income will be adjusted to 2700 yuan, then Xiao Wang’s taxable income will be 2700 to 2000 yuan. That is 700 yuan, the applicable tax rate can be reduced.

For those high-income groups, reasonable tax avoidance and tax saving are even more important.

Mr. Zhang is a senior executive of a company, with an annual salary of 36 yuan, which he receives in one lump sum.According to the country's tax law, the highest tax rate he applies is as high as 45%.If he changes his annual salary to a monthly salary when he signs a contract with the company, the monthly income of 3 yuan can reduce his applicable top tax rate to 25%, and the amount of tax savings is quite considerable.

In my country's "Individual Income Tax Law", labor remuneration, author's remuneration, royalties, interest, dividends, bonuses, property leasing, transfer and occasional income are all taxable income.Due to different incomes, the applicable tax bases and tax rates are also different. From the perspective of safeguarding the self-interests of taxpayers, it is the rights and interests of taxpayers to fully study these laws and regulations, and to increase actual income through reasonable tax avoidance.There are many laws and regulations related to taxation in my country, which is a huge system, and it is difficult for ordinary taxpayers to fully understand and master. Therefore, in addition to studying and mastering the basic knowledge of some relevant laws and regulations, you may wish to consult relevant fields when you encounter problems Professionals, such as professional financial planners, lawyers, etc., in order to fully protect their own rights and interests.

[links to related words]

Individual tax is the threshold at which the taxable object reaches the taxable amount and starts to be taxed.No tax will be levied if the amount of the taxable object does not reach the threshold.Once the amount of the taxable object reaches or exceeds the threshold, the tax shall be levied on the entire amount, not only the part exceeding the threshold.

The exempt amount is the amount exempted from taxation in the total amount of taxable objects.It is the amount deducted in advance from the total amount of taxable objects according to a certain standard.No tax is levied on the part of the exempt amount, only the part exceeding the exempt amount is taxed.

The difference between the two is: assuming that the number is 2000, and the monthly salary is 2001, if it is the exempt amount, 2000 will be exempted, and only the excess 1 yuan will be taxed; if it is the threshold, the tax will be paid in full, that is Taxes are paid on the basis of 2001 yuan.

(End of this chapter)