Autumn of the 17th year of Chongzhen

Chapter 1232 The world view of "the sky is round and the earth is flat, with China in the middle" collapses

Imperial City, outside Hongwu Gate.

A group of carriages stopped at the square in front of the city gate. Ministers wearing purple official uniforms, jade belts, and Wusha hats with two wings stretched out got out of the sedan chair, holding wat boards in their hands, Filed into Miyagi.

The generals on horseback on the other side also dismounted one after another, gathered outside Hongwu Gate one after another, and then entered Miyagi in groups of three or four.

After the emperor moved to Beijing, the imperial city was given up to the King of Chu, but Wang Yan still lived in the palace of the King of Chu, not in Miyagi, but borrowed a few halls to handle state affairs and hold grand ceremonies .

Today is the first grand court convened since Wang Yan supervised the country. Civil and military officials of the fifth rank and above in Beijing must participate. Because of the large number of people, it can only be held in the main hall of the palace.

In order to avoid suspicion, Wang Yan had people remove many things in the three halls, and also changed the name of the hall.

The place where he was summoned today was Jiangwu Hall, and he could guess the general content of the discussion just by hearing the name.

"Congratulations Dai Guogong!" Several officials who had been waiting in front of the lecture hall couldn't help bowing their hands when they saw Dai Zhifan approaching.

Dai Zhifan's title as King of Guangling was already a certainty. It was said that the canonized letter of amnesty had already arrived at the Ministry of Rites and was only waiting for an auspicious day to be issued.

It is a supreme honor to be crowned king, and he is naturally the focus of attention wherever he goes now, and the center of everyone's discussion.

Hearing the sound, all the officials present looked down the steps, and saw Dai Zhifan in a scarlet robe with a unicorn patch embroidered on his chest, walking with several generals, and hurriedly bowed their hands in salute.

Dai Zhifan was able to come, but he was not complacent, he hurriedly smiled and returned gifts to the four parties, and said in a pleasant way, "Ministers and colleagues, you came very early."

Many of the officials present were lower in rank than him, and he was the one who wanted to be crowned king, so everyone felt more at ease seeing him being so polite.

At this moment, Qian Qianyi smiled slightly, "Does the governor know why Jian Guo called us here?"

"It's said that it's something about Nanyang, but I don't know why Jianguo is so busy!" Dai Zhifan knows a little bit, and he heard that Nanyang's affairs are more difficult, but the threats of Ming Dynasty and the threats of the Central Plains dynasties all came from the north. He felt that There is no need to specially convene a big dynasty to discuss the issue of Nanyang.

A few ministers beside him also had the same opinion. The Western barbarians are provoking troubles in Nanyang, and it is enough to send troops to destroy them. The Ming Dynasty even defeated the Manchu Qing. Who else is afraid of it?

At this time, the ministers had basically arrived, and they were talking, the guards came out from the lecture hall, and the ministers of Xuan entered the hall.

At present, several elders are organizing outside the hall. More than two hundred civil and military officials, according to their official titles and divisions, lined up outside the hall first, with red robes in front and green robes behind, and then filed into the hall.

In the hall, Wang Yan was above the position of Jian Guo. In the middle of the hall, there was a huge map of all nations, which was spread directly on the floor. All the civil and military men filed into the hall, paid their respects, and shouted to Jian Guo.

"Excuse me!" Wang Yan said softly, waiting for Wen Wu to stand on both sides of the main hall, and continued: "Today, all the ministers are called to discuss matters in Nanyang!"

Wang Yan looked down while talking, "I think everyone has heard about the Nanyang incident. According to the latest military report obtained by the imperial court, the Dutch and the Spaniards have already formed an alliance, and they have united the Malacca, Masaka, and Orissa and other countries instigated Pego, Chenla, Siam and other countries to attack Champa together. Fortunately, the king of Chenla turned to me and asked me to inform the court of the merchants, so that Gu realized that things in Nanyang were not easy!"

After the Ming Dynasty implemented the new national policy of vassal vassals, it was no longer like before, as long as they paid tribute, they were vassals.Now in addition to paying tribute, the vassals must also use the reign title and laws of the Ming Dynasty. There cannot be any overstepping in the etiquette system, and the diplomatic power is vested in the suzerain state, and the Ming Dynasty provides protection for the vassal states.

This new tributary system requires the vassals to give up a lot of sovereignty in exchange for Ming's recognition and protection. Some vassals can accept it, but some are unwilling to lose their sovereignty.

Previously, most of the vassals came to pay tribute. Apart from admiring China, they mainly obtained rewards for the tribute trade. After the Ming Dynasty abolished the previous policy, except for Annan, Guangnan, Gaoping, Ryukyu, and Korea, the five countries officially confirmed the vassal relationship. Several sultanates in China have been controlled by the Netherlands and have cut off communication, while Bago, Chenla, and Siam, which are sandwiched between these sultanates and the three countries of Guangnan, are in a state of swing.

The Netherlands tried to woo the three countries, but Chenla obviously didn't want to provoke Ming Dynasty, so it passed the news to Ming Dynasty, so as not to be implicated in the flames of war once a war broke out.

As he spoke, Wang Yan got up from the throne of Jian Guo, and then walked to the center of the hall step by step, stepping on the huge map of all nations. "I believe that you are also wondering as much as Gu. What kind of ability do these Western barbarians have? They have controlled the trade routes in Nanyang for decades. Why can they make trouble in Nanyang and repeatedly tear up the agreement with our dynasty? In my eyes, what kind of abilities do they have, and where did they come from, dare to challenge me, Daming?"

Many officials in the hall couldn't help discussing in a low voice. Most of them really didn't think about these issues.

For a long time, the concept of a great country in the sky has been deeply rooted in the hearts of the people. The Ming Dynasty is the center of the world, and the ministers are not very interested in the surrounding areas.

Of course, the success of this concept cannot be blamed on the ministers. This is the sense of superiority formed by the entire civilization leading the world for thousands of years. It is unavoidable, and it did not appear suddenly.

This is the same as the arrogance formed by white people. How could it be possible that Chinese cattle have not had the mentality of a big country for thousands of years.

Furthermore, 200 years ago, Daming also went out to look at it. After looking around, he found that there was no one who could fight, and he did not find a single existence worthy of Ming's study. They were all savages. The Ming Dynasty treated these backward existences. Naturally, I don't like it, so I don't pay too much attention to the outside world.

It is true that many of the ministers around did not know about these issues, or only knew a general idea. Wang Yan's words aroused their interest, and many people looked at the map at Wang Yan's feet.

This map was made by Wang Yanrang, an artist from the Ministry of Industry. After enlarging the map of all countries according to the scale, he drew it on white cloth and stitched it together. It is nearly three feet long and two feet wide. It can be said to be the largest map of Ming Dynasty, but it was made in a hurry. Relationship, the pattern is not particularly delicate, it just has a rough outline.

The map of all nations has been around for a long time, but this is the first time I have seen such a large map of all nations. After seeing Daming's position, many people were shocked that the world is so big. Figure feels almost the same.

Wang Yan glanced at the crowd, and then said: "The art of war says that knowing yourself and your enemy is invincible, but now we don't even know what the Netherlands and Spain are. Today, I will come together with you to find out and see these extreme western countries. My enemy, why dare to offend me, Daming, repeatedly!"

"I also ask Jian Guo to teach me!" All the ministers in the hall immediately bowed in unison.

Wang Yan waved his hand, "I can't explain this clearly, but I have found someone who can explain it clearly, and I will listen to it with you!"

Speaking of which, Wang Yan stood in the center of the map, which was the position of Daming. He pointed to his feet and said with a smile, "You all know where it is right here!" Seeing everyone nodding, he said, "Bo Shilang, you Let me tell you where the Netherlands and Spain are, and how they traveled so far!"

Bai Yingli was a missionary in the Ming Dynasty, and Wang Yan knew him well when he was in Guangdong.Wang Yan asked Bai Yingli to help recruit a group of Portuguese to forge firearms for Daming on the condition of allowing him to preach and fund him to build a church. Later, he asked him to translate many Western books together with Huang Zongxi, and also translated Daming's Books translated into Latin and French.

In the process of translating Chinese classics, he became more interested in Chinese culture, especially agreeing with many key points of Neo Confucianism.However, he is rather disgusted with Wang Yan's philosophy of mind.

This is determined by his position. He is a Jesuit missionary, so he must first be loyal to the Pope.Therefore, they sided with the Pope in the Western Reformation. Many of them were ascetic monks and opposed the Protestant Reformation.

In the Western religious reformation, it is proposed that everyone can communicate with God through multiple beliefs, without the need for the intermediary of the church, while the theory of mind proposes that there is no need for the rules and regulations proposed by Neo-Confucianists, and it is all a way to go to the middle. reform and ideological emancipation.

As a loyal believer of the Pope and a missionary of the Catholic Church, Bo Yingli naturally dislikes the study of mind, and instead attaches great importance to the idea of ​​"preserving the principles of nature and destroying human desires" in Neo Confucianism.

Master Zhu said, "Diet is the law of nature; delicacies from mountains and seas are what people want; husband and wife are the law of nature; three wives and four concubines are what people want." He can interpret "preserving the principles of nature" as set and taught by God, while " "Destroying human desires" means eliminating evil, self-denial and self-denial, which is in line with the values ​​of an ascetic monk.

In addition, Neo Confucianism believes that the "Three Cardinal Guidelines and Five Constant Principles" are the eternal "principles of heaven". Points." It was also recognized by Bo Yingli.Because the church itself is a strictly hierarchical organization, the pope is even more consistent, waiting for the existence of the Lord to speak.

Wang Yan was not interested in the beliefs and thoughts of this missionary. He had his own beliefs in his heart, and he only cared about the skills of these Westerners.

Civilization includes many aspects, such as thought, humanities, technology, art, astronomy, geography and so on.Each civilization has different strengths and weaknesses in these aspects. For example, the Maya’s astronomy and calendar were developed to an astonishing level, but they didn’t even invent a wheel. Western civilizations also have strengths and weaknesses in these aspects, and they The only strength that interests Wang Yan is technology.

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(End of this chapter)