Qing Dynasty Secret History

Chapter 129 Xu Xilin Assassinates Governor Lu Zhengxiang to Protest The Hague City
It is said that Tan Xinpei brought cigarettes into the palace, smoked enough opium, and went on stage to perform, full of energy.All the courtiers and princes who listened to the opera secretly praised it, and the empress dowager was even more admiring, and ordered the eunuch to release the reward.Just in the midst of all the splendor and splendor, a eunuch suddenly sent an alarm from the Anhui Chief Secretary's electronic play.The Empress Dowager read the unfinished chapter, her face turned ashen from early shock, she hurriedly stopped the drama and called a military meeting.

It turned out that it was Enming, governor of Anhui Province, who was reading exercises in the playground when he was suddenly shot dead by Taoist Xu Xilin with a pistol.Xu Xilin and his henchman Chen Boping were both captured on the spot by officers and soldiers.

After an interrogation, Xu Xilin confessed: "People from Shaoxing, Zhejiang, founded the Restoration Society with their comrades, plotting revolution. This time, they really wanted to overthrow the Qing Dynasty and rebuild a new state, and they had no personal grudges against Enming."The two divisions of Fan and Standard will play electric performances and ask for instructions.At present, the military ministers Yikuang, Zaifeng, Sun Jianai, Lu Chuanlin and Tie Liang were all horrified when they heard about this.

The Empress Dowager said: "There are revolutionaries among the chief ministers, how can things be handled in the future?

" Sun Jianai said: "It can be seen that new scholars are not reliable. In the future, the imperial court should pay attention to this generation. "

The Empress Dowager said: "We will talk about the future when we arrive.

How to do it now? "

Yikuang said: "From my servant's point of view, since Xu Xilin is from Shaoxing, he is originally from Shaoxing. Presumably there are still remnants of the party. If the grass is not eradicated, the relapse will occur in spring. Give him a call as soon as possible and ask him to send someone to join the prefect of Shaoxing. Guifu, search very hard to avoid future troubles. You should rebel against Xu Xilin, but ask the Anhui officials to punish him according to the law, and don't have to stick to the new criminal law."

The Empress Dowager said: "This kind of murderer could not talk about a civilized system, but now it is time to amend the law, and it is not convenient to issue a decree. Otherwise, the officials will gossip again."

Yikuang said: "This slave knows."

Then I drew up two secret decrees and sent them out.In a few days, both Anhui and Zhejiang provinces returned to Beijing.Anhui Province reported that Xu Xilin had been disemboweled and his heart removed, and punished according to the law.According to Zhejiang Province, the revolutionary female head Qiu Jin belonged to Xu Yu's party. After being blessed by the magistrate, she was given justice. The female head was about to be sentenced.Yikuang said happily: "From now on, the Han people will no longer dare to talk about revolution, and the Manchus can rest easy!"

The queen mother heard about it and liked it very much.Unexpectedly, because of the two cases in Anhui and Zhejiang, the ties were so cruel that they almost relegated China, which ranks first, to a third-class country.

It turns out that this year, Haihe, the capital of Jalan, held the second peace conference. 45 countries attended the conference, including China, Japan, Germany, the United States, Austria, France, the United Kingdom, Russia, Italy, and Spain. , Jalan, Turkey, Argentina, Belgium, Brazil, Chile, Denmark, Greece, Mexico, Norway, Portugal, Romania, Sweden, Switzerland, Bugaria, Persia, Serbia, Siam, Bolivia, Colombia, Cuba, Tuminikon, Ecuador, Guatemala, Haiti, Luxembourg, Montenegro, Panama, Paraguay, Sabidor, Peru, Uruguay, Venezuela, Nicaragua, and an unknown country.

These 45 state affairs sent representatives to the Hague for discussion. On the 33th day of May in the 45rd year of Guangxu, the opening ceremony was held in The Hague. None of the 14 representatives arrived.The next day, the second meeting was held. Four committees were set up, and each committee had one or two representatives from each country to attend the meeting. Counting the time of the meeting, it was already in mid-September.The third meeting, decided by the representatives, will be held in [-] for a period of seven years. If any country proposes an event, it must announce the topic two years ago, and gather members to discuss it, so that the meeting can be easily implemented. solve.The representative sent by China is the former envoy to the Netherlands Lu Zhengxiang as the official representative, the current envoy to the Netherlands Qian Xun specially hired the former US foreign minister Fausta as the deputy representative, and the Ministry of the Army sent Ding Shiyuan as the representative of the military, which was in line with the one transferred by Lu Zhengxiang. Chen Junzhuan, there are four in total.

On this day, the congregation publicly elected the representative of Russia, Naridov, as the regular chairman, and one representative each from the Netherlands, Serbia, Greece, Persia, and Chile as the vice-chairman.The Minister of Foreign Affairs of the Netherlands is the honorary chairman.Because the meetings were all in French, besides the general secretary, four deputy secretaries were publicly elected, two were French attachés, two Bi attaches, and two more were added, one was a German attache, and the other was Chinese Chen Junzhuan.Lu Zhengxiang, the Chinese representative at the moment, declared: "Where there is a proposed matter, even though it has been discussed and approved, due to various circumstances, if it is difficult to comply with it, you have the right to say nothing; Please correct. Those issues that cannot be resolved immediately have the right to restrain themselves. But those who are in favor of the majority should express their sympathy."

The representatives of various countries listened and had no objection.

On this day, there were three splendors in the venue. One was that South Korea sent the prince and other three people as representatives to write a letter to the meeting, calling for Japan's invasion of sovereignty, calling for arbitrariness, and questioning why South Korea was the only one left in the invitation to all countries?I would like to call on the chairman of the Russian representative.The Russian representative refused to meet, saying that he could meet only after being introduced by the Dutch government.Representative Han also said that the "Japan-Korea Treaty" in [-] could not be approved without the signature of the Emperor Han and the cabinet.

Xuan plans to go to New York again to ask the President of the United States for help.After messing around for a while, no one paid any attention to him, so that's all.One is the people of Russia’s Qiaoqi Province, who elected representatives publicly and wrote a letter to the meeting, stating that Russia’s tyranny has been protected by Russia since 730, and Russia has occupied its land for 800 years, and has taken over all public and private properties of the people. , restricting Qiaomin to buy property, no more than [-] yuan. Qiaomin is only an interpreter, and he is not allowed to learn about politics.The Russians used military force to suppress Xian's breach of the previous agreement, and begged to be responsible for complying with the agreement and restoring my independence.Although the wording is sad, the country that is waiting to perish and the people who are subjugated have lost their national qualifications, so naturally there is no time to care about his idle accounts in the meeting.

One is that the Cuban government sent the leader of the Anarchist Party, the Italian Fihahe, as a representative. This Feihahe used to be the Italian envoy and counselor in ancient times. Later, he was imprisoned in Rome for half a year in order to publish the matter. Now he is the representative of Cuba and was ordered to attend the meeting. .There was a great uproar in the meeting, saying that anarchism is not tolerated by the government, and it was discussed whether it should be accepted, so Feiha and He came here in high spirits, but had to leave without disappointment.From then on, we have meetings every day, meeting every day, raising and refuting each other, talking with each other, and fighting with each other.To decide on major events, such as the establishment of an international peace tribunal, upon proposal by representatives of several powerful countries, one referee may be appointed for any country with more than [-] trillion people.For a country with less than [-] trillion people, it is possible to unite several countries to elect one person. Then, according to the proposal of the representative of the United States, the referees are fixed at [-], and the referees are selected by Britain, Russia, Germany, France, Austria, Italy, the United States, and Japan. China and Spain each propose one person.Four representatives from each country, Chang Chuan attended the meeting, such as the issue of the limitation of armaments, the issue of declaring war, the issue of the establishment of a high-level capture inspection station, the issue of the establishment of an occupation court, the issue of the navy and army of belligerent countries, the rights and obligations of neutral countries, the issue of the Red Cross and hospital ships, maritime affairs Various issues such as private property matters are resolved immediately, and some are left alone. The situation varies.

Lu Zhengxiang, the Chinese representative, saw something that had nothing to do with his country, and they argued with each other, so he didn't intervene.If it concerns China's interests, stand up and protest, and argue unyieldingly.

That is to say, as the peace tribunal proposed by each representative, each country will send four people to the meeting, so that they can attend the meeting.There were 45 countries that attended the conference, but only 17 people were appointed. The term of office is 12 years, either for one country alone, or for several countries. The first class, all serve one term alone, and the rest are joint terms, ranging from ten to four years to two years to one year.All the representatives said that China's law is the worst, and it is a tragedy of cutting open the heart, ranking third, and the term of office is only four years.Lu Zhengxiang stood up and protested, saying that China is the first class, and the number of shares sharing the expenses can be used as proof, otherwise it will be very difficult to comply, and it should still be handled as usual.Confident and confident, the congregation is also quite unreasonable.Lu Zhengxiang Xuandian government, please prepare to send personnel as soon as possible, so that no one is competent, and there is no country for borrowing talent; the amendment of the law should also be implemented within a time limit, so as to avoid excuses from various countries.

When the Beijing government received this telegram, it immediately notified the embassies of various countries, and asked the governments of all countries to recognize it and handle it as a first-class country.The representative of Xuan Zhunfa reiterated that since China pays the fee according to the first-class country, it should receive the reception as the first-class country, and the referee should also be sent for a period of 12 years.The government immediately replied to Lu Zhengxiang and asked to make a statement to the meeting.The congregation made extra problems, saying that the Chinese warships were decayed, and peace could not be guaranteed.In reply, Representative Lu called the government to speed up the rectification.The congregation also ridiculed Ding Shiyuan, the Chinese military representative, for being more and more reckless, and there were many disagreements. They asked Representative Lu to strictly obey military discipline.One by one, respect the fate of the stage, so that nothing will happen.

One wave was leveled, another wave was raised, and the representatives of the United Kingdom and the United States proposed to add an arbitral clause. The last clause contained words such as "All matters concerning consular jurisdiction must be raised, and a referee must be invited."Representative Lu tried his best to say: "This matter is contained in the 45-nation convention, and the purpose is always to be fair and equal. If it is not deleted, I will oppose it with all my money."

The president, the Russian representative, had no choice but to submit the statement made by the Lu representative to a referendum.After the resolution was completed, 36 countries, including Germany, the United States, Russia, Austria, and Italy, were in favor, and Britain and France were opposed. Portugal, Sweden, Switzerland, Japan and other countries were noncommittal.Fortunately, the majority agreed, so the paragraph was deleted, resulting in an iron case.When Representative Lu straightened up his secret, the British representative tried his best to explain, saying that the paragraph refers specifically to Turkey and Morocco, and China must not misunderstand it.Representative Lu was unmoved, and the representative of the United States, seeing that the representatives of China and Britain were at a stalemate, agreed to withdraw.The British representative still refused to agree.Representative Lu still insisted and refused to give in. He said that this clause violated the purpose of the association, and the chairman, representative Russia, proposed a solution to the public.From the meeting on the fourth day of May to the closing meeting on September [-]th, the representatives of China protested, and this was the most important time.

After the meeting was over, Qian Xun, the envoy stationed in Heqin, sent a telegram to the government to send Lu Zhengxiang and American member Fausta as arbitrators of the International Peace Tribunal of the Baohe Conference. Law, prepare for the next meeting.His speech said: The thief was ordered to serve as a member of the Baohe Council. The meeting began on the fifth day of May, and the minister and the special envoy Lu Zhengxiang went to the meeting to make a prediction.On September [-]th, the meeting was completed.All the affairs of the conference will be reported by Chen Lu Zhengyang.The Chenwei Peace Conference is related to the world and the world. I would like to share it with my empress dowager based on what I have heard and learned at the conference in the past few months, and what my husband has thought about.

The Western name of this meeting is the second peace meeting, which is different from the first peace meeting in the 25th year of Guangxu.The initial conference was founded in Russia, so Russia was the host.This year's meeting is self-made, but Russia is still the leader of the meeting, unwilling to give in.Although countries can't help but back off and say something, friendship is at stake, and they are reluctant to admit it.The number of participants from 26 countries for the first time has increased to 45 countries today, which can be described as prosperous.

The ministers personally received members of parliament sent by various countries, and most of them took international law as the first choice, and navy and army studies supplemented it.Listening to his statements and debates, his intentions are not ordinary, and he is especially unwilling to give in when he speaks. It is nothing more than considering the situation of his own country, seeking benefits and avoiding disadvantages.However, the national factions are different, and the national power is also different, so there are always proposals. One is right and the other is not, or the second is praised and the third is not. There are people who drop out of the meeting and hang up empty wishes.It is difficult to discuss this kind of harmony, and it is not easy to agree on opinions.The first peace conference was originally in the name of limiting armaments, and this year the United Kingdom is also the first to say it. When it comes to this point, everyone laughs at each other. Since all countries are competing for power, who is willing to pursue their own ambitions?

Moreover, the various issues discussed are all about sea and land warfare, and the meaning is only to set the law and show the principle, so that cruel behavior in wartime is not acceptable to modern civilization, so the weak cannot be violated, and the weak should be ordered to pay compensation, in the hope of a little scope , for later judgment.However, those who rely on the strong win, and those who are not strong will always be poor even though the reason is straight.Unfortunately, in the event of a military conflict, in a hurry, it must be said that everything is in compliance with the treaty, that is, every member of Parliament puts himself in his own place, and I am afraid that this is just an ideal.The speaker said that after the first peace conference, there was the battle of Inte, and the Japanese-Russian investment; the current peace conference has just begun, and there are things about Japan and South Korea, and there are things about Famo.Although it is said that the world is not a day without soldiers fighting.This reduces the difficult period of armaments and eliminates the unreliability of war disasters.

The United Kingdom and the United States have always been pacifists. Today, the international adjudication agreement is revised. The United Kingdom has a clause on extraterritoriality, and the United States has a discussion on the difference between the term of office of referees and different countries.As for the treaty on the capture of the Tribunal by all nations, the tenure schedule of the dispatched personnel is attached, and it also specifies that Britain, Germany, France, the United States, Italy, Austria, Japan and Russia are the eight major countries, and the rest are all small countries.A husband country has no size, strong or weak.

The difference between strength and weakness depends on the completeness of the country's political, religious, legal, naval and military affairs. It is impossible to hide it in the list and comparison in the meeting.Therefore, no matter what country it is, once it pre-assembles the Sanhedrin, it is tantamount to showing how its country is listed.And those big countries can't help relying on their great power, and use the law to control people for their own convenience.Sometimes if you want to make a suggestion, you encourage each other to move people; sometimes you want to have a disagreement, you hide it as a barrier to create a difference.Therefore, members of several small countries in South America, such as Brazil and Argentina, are well-known for their jurisprudence. They often read out their opinions to the public, voicing thousands of words, and debating with major countries.To say that the name of this association is Baohe, and it is a real challenge, although it is too radical, it is not difficult to make a statement according to public law.From this we can see that the difference between strength and weakness is difficult to eliminate, and diplomatic competition is also intensifying day by day.

The ministers look at the overall situation externally and the country internally. If the above-mentioned so-called politics, education, law, land and sea are not drawn out and strive for reality, then the next peace meeting, the other powers will not know what kind of law they will show us.If you talk about it separately, you call it politics and religion. If you talk about land and sea together, the law is all-encompassing, and the so-called program is also.The law is not only about words, but also about the academics of the people, especially the spirit of the imperial court.I heard that the governments of various countries have already selected people to study various laws in their own countries since the Russian government issued a general document a year ago, in order to prepare for temporary responses.Therefore, anyone who makes a decision at the meeting has insight and true knowledge, and the manipulation is not as good as ambition.In this meeting, it is planned to hold the third peace meeting in the 14th year of the Western calendar, which should be the 40th year of Guangxu, and the third peace meeting will be held before 12, that is, the 38th year of my Guangxu. It was easy to solve at the meeting, and all countries have agreed.I am very fortunate to have the natural time limit of several years to participate in the formulation of laws for our country and to study the rare opportunities in the world.It is proposed that the ministers and ministers, on the one hand, publish the treaties that have been concluded at this meeting, as well as the unwritten discussions, and publish them as soon as possible, soliciting opinions from the ministers and ministers who are new to the industry.What is beneficial and feasible, and what is harmful should be avoided, so that it can be reached in the ministry, and the ministers will study it comprehensively, so as to gain insight into the key points.On the one hand, legalists who have a deep understanding of the old Chinese studies, together with diplomats who have a deep understanding of the situation in other countries, supplemented by new scholars who are fluent in both Chinese and foreign languages, will form a research association, specializing in the internal formulation of national laws, and the implementation of the other; Adopt the other law, in order to cooperate with the axiom.The practice of discipline training is true; the preparation of pre-meetings is also true; the cultivation of talents is also true.Before the 37th year of Guangxu, both national law and international law were in place, and then at the third peace conference in the 38th year of Guangxu, when the agenda was announced, it competed with other countries to confirm it.If this is the case, the 40th year of Guangxu will not be a false premonition.If by that time our country's laws are complete and our talents are fully utilized, as Japan is at the meeting today, everything will be stronger, wouldn't it be the great happiness of our country!However, these few years are fleeting, and the relationship between reference and research is very great. How should we prepare to start, so that internal and external joint efforts can be made to review and revise? Let the ministers, etc., discuss it in detail, and implement it again!The minister participated in the peace meeting, saw the urgency of the foreign affairs, prepared for the first thing, and made a frank statement, which was so frightening!Sincerely.

If you want to know whether the imperial court was moved after this book was played, let's listen to the next chapter.

(End of this chapter)