100 Historical Stories That Unlock Teenage Wisdom

Chapter 43

Chapter 53 The Torghut Special Forces Returning Thousands of Miles to the East——The motherland is the real home

The formation of a nation is linked by blood, and the continuous cultural origin is the strength to unite the Chinese nation.

The Turhute tribe is one of the four tribes of Erut Mongolia, originally nomadic in the area north of the Tianshan Mountains.Around the 30s, the leader of the Torhut tribe and Erleke led his tribe, as well as part of the Heshuote tribe and the Duerbert tribe, to move westward to the lower reaches of the Volga River.Over the next century or so, the Torghut Department was gradually controlled by Tsarist Russia, and was forced to provide troops to Tsarist Russia, and its own affairs were also interfered by the Tsarist Russian authorities.

In the 60s, the Russo-Turkish War broke out, and the tsarist government forced a large number of Turghuts to join the war, causing 16 to [-] casualties at the beginning of the war.However, the brutal Tsarist Russian government plans to recruit troops from Turhu, even men over the age of [-] to go to the battlefield.At this moment of life and death, the leader of Turghut, the young Ubashi Khan, finally made a decision to lead the whole family back to the motherland.

During the period of the Turghut Department in the Volga River Basin, it has not interrupted its connection with the motherland.They have always had a very close relationship with the other Erut ministries in the northwestern region of our country.In the 13th year of Chongzhen (1640), the leader of Turhut personally participated in the meeting to formulate the "Mongol Erut Code".The Turghut Ministry also had certain connections with the central government of the Qing Dynasty, and paid tribute several times during the Shunzhi and Kangxi dynasties.In the 51st year of Kangxi (1712), Emperor Kangxi also sent Tu Lichen to lead a mission across Russia and traveled thousands of miles to visit the Turghut Ministry.Due to the long-term connection with the motherland, the Turghut Department has always maintained a nostalgia for the land of its hometown. When it was brutally oppressed by the Tsarist Russian government, it was finally forced to shout: "Let us go to the place where the sun rises." Go!" Determined to move his family eastward.

In the autumn of the 35th year of Qianlong (1770), Ubashi Khan returned to his headquarters from the Russian-Turkish battlefield, and secretly deployed operations to return to the motherland with his nephew Cebok Dorzi and others.They originally agreed that after the Volga freezes over, all the people on the left and right sides of the river will start together.However, the weather was warm this winter, and the river was not frozen for a long time. The authorities of Tsarist Russia's Astrakhan Province and officials stationed in Turghut received some news that the Turghut Ministry was about to return to the east, and stepped up efforts to deal with it. Trend monitoring.In an extremely urgent situation, Wolbashi decided to set off with nearly 17 people on the east coast first.

On January 36th, the 1771th year of Qianlong (1), Ubashi convened all the soldiers, accused Tsarist Russia of oppressing the Turghut Ministry, and issued an order to return to the motherland.The next day, more than 4 households of the whole family set off one after another, embarking on the road back to the east.More than 1 soldiers behind the palace set fire to the wooden palace and countless villages in Urbashi, and killed thousands of Russian officials and businessmen living there, expressing their determination to completely break with Tsarist Russia.

Tsar Ekaterina II was furious when she heard the news that the Torghut troops were moving eastward, and immediately sent a large number of Cossack soldiers to intercept and pursue them.After crossing the Ural River and entering the Kazakh grassland, the Turghut troops were suddenly attacked by the Cossacks and lost 9000 people.Afterwards, Ubassie led his army to annihilate an intercepted Cossack force in the Oqin Valley, and the pursuit was basically smashed.

The men, women and children of the Torghut Department drove their herds, drove horse-drawn carts and sleds, brought tents and utensils, and traveled long distances on the desolate grasslands, encountering countless hardships.After getting rid of the Cossacks, the Kazakhs and Bashkirs continued to attack the Turghut team, plundering livestock, people and property.Constant fighting, arduous marches, and the prevalence of diseases caused a sharp drop in the population of the returning east team, and a large number of livestock died.When approaching the Chinese border, there were only 9 or [-] troops left in Turghut's eastward march, and they were very hungry and exhausted, but they continued to advance eastward with strong will.

After half a year, the Turghuts finally entered China.Emperor Qianlong attached great importance to Turghut's return, and after first getting the news of his eastward move, he established the policy of "supporting industries and dividing nomads".At the beginning of the sixth lunar month of the same year, Wu Baxi and others led their troops to the banks of the Ili River, and the Qing government sent the Minister of Counselor Shu Hede to Ili to preside over the acceptance and placement.The Qing court also mobilized a large amount of materials such as livestock, grain, tea, cotton cloth, and felt huts from various places to give gifts to the Torghut tribe who had gone through hard work.Ubashi also stated in his letter to the Qing that "I want to live in Russia and wish to be a servant of the great emperor for a long time", hoping that the order will be allowed to enter the pilgrimage to show my sincerity.Wu Baxi also presented a jade seal of his ancestor who received the Han seal title in the eighth year of Yongle in the Ming Dynasty, expressing his determination to submit to the Qing Dynasty.

Among the returning leaders of the Turghut Tribe, there was one named She Leng, who was originally attached to the Junggar Tribe and had participated in the Junggar Tribe's rebellion.Some people in the Qing court had doubts about She Ling's return with the crowd, and they were afraid that he had some tricks.Emperor Qianlong made a correct judgment based on the situation at the time, and believed that "nine out of ten things are obedience, and one out of ten is trickery."The series of correct measures taken by Emperor Qianlong played a positive role in stabilizing the leaders and followers of Torghut.

Wisdom Interpretation:

What kind of power made Shierhut return to the motherland at the risk of death?It is the root of a culture and the call of family affection.The Chinese have the same national temperament and national psychology, and the loess civilization is our root. At any time, we should not forget that we have "the same skin color, the same dream".

(End of this chapter)