Whole brain super learning ability

Chapter 21 Strong Reading Ability (5)
The third step: processing.Accompanied by speed reading, reading, memorizing and thinking are carried out at the same time, and the prediction and inference of the following content are carried out based on the previous information. Once the prediction and inference are roughly consistent with the actual situation in the book, the reading process will be pleasant , so we should establish our own rich knowledge system, and on this basis, we should conduct speed reading to make speed reading faster and more effective.The more you master the knowledge content in the book, you can grasp the key points of the whole book, as well as the main content and outline, and understand the relationship between key points, difficulties and points of concern.When necessary, intensive reading of these places, and the combination of speed reading and intensive reading, the effect will be better.

Strong ability in cognition and information processing of reading materials, which can help people study and work efficiently.The stronger this ability, the higher the efficiency and the greater the chance of success.

Speed ​​reading technology can greatly increase the speed of reading, and the comprehension will also be enhanced, and the thinking ability will also be exercised in the process.And once this kind of speed reading develops a good habit, it will bring great convenience to future study, study and work.

In addition, the positive transfer effect produced by this kind of speed reading is also very beneficial to the cultivation of people's ability to learn other languages ​​in the future. It can be said that reading Chinese materials can be fast and effective, and reading materials in English, Japanese, German and other foreign languages ​​can also be done at the same speed. faster.

Break through the reading limit
According to the rules of reading, mastering reading skills and training can greatly improve the speed and effect of reading.

At some point, we talked about avoiding reading too fast. This is from the perspective of understanding and firmly grasping the content of the book, because greedy for more and quicker often cannot understand and master.But it cannot be said that we are against speed reading.We believe that on the premise of comprehension, the faster the better, moreover, for extensive reading, browsing or some easy-to-understand materials, speed reading is also required.Therefore, speed reading is also needed under certain conditions. We should learn the method of speed reading to improve the efficiency of reading.

In fact, speed reading is not only good for mastering information, but also very important.Experts pointed out that the efficiency of creative work is directly proportional to the amount of information obtained and processed.The amount of information a person obtains is both fast and large, so his work and study efficiency will be high.Speed ​​reading ability is often an important feature of some people with extraordinary abilities.

Franklin has the ability of speed reading. One of his close assistants recalled: "When I saw Franklin reading, I felt that he was not reading line by line, but flipping page by page. , and understand it extremely deeply and accurately. After a while, he can quote whole sentences and paragraphs from memory.” It is said that Napoleon can read 2000 words per minute, and Balzac can finish reading a novel in half an hour. His ability to read quickly amazed his contemporaries.

At present, research institutions in many countries attach great importance to the research work of speed reading, and have obtained some meaningful research results.The research results show that: after scientific speed reading training, the individual's reading speed can be greatly improved.For example, Dr. Samuel conducted speed reading training for a class in a middle school in California.Before training, the average reading speed of the whole class was 200 words/minute; after training, it reached 400 words/minute; a few excellent students reached 600 to 800 words/minute.Reading speed has more than doubled.

The study also pointed out that increasing the reading speed will not reduce the comprehension rate, the key is to read according to the correct speed reading method.After the speed reading skill is formed, it can not only be maintained for a long time, but also has a positive transfer effect on different language materials.That is to say, the speed of reading English materials is faster, and after mastering French, the speed of reading French materials is also faster.

Some experts believe that speed reading ability is the embodiment of comprehensive abilities such as highly organized thinking mode, highly concentrated attention and well-trained visual ability.Reading psychologist Carroll believes that the psychological process of reading includes the following four stages: cognitive stage, comprehension stage, evaluation stage and creation stage.Generally speaking, cognition and comprehension are the two basic stages of reading, while evaluation and creation are the advanced stages of reading.Fast reading is mainly related to these four stages. In addition, memory and attention must be highly motivated during fast reading.Improving your speed reading ability is to train from the above aspects.The reading cognition of books and periodicals is mainly through the visual system. More than 90% of information is obtained through vision, and the main way to obtain information is reading.Studies have shown that when reading, the individual captures the text symbols on the reading material through the movement of the eyeballs.The text symbols are reflected on the retina of the human eye in the form of light waves, causing excitement, and then transmitted to the speech area of ​​the brain by the optic nerve, so that these text symbols can be recognized, and the meaning of the text can be understood through the thinking activities of the brain.This way of cognition is carried out silently in the human brain, we call it silent reading.

Another cognitive mode in reading is carried out by the combination of visual system and pronunciation system.That is, the text light wave stimulates the reader's retina, and then transmits the signal to the speech and vision center of the brain from the optic nerve, and the speech and vision center transmits the signal to the speech motor center, and then causes the movement of human pronunciation organs (that is, larynx, tongue, lips) to produce the sound of words .The sound is transmitted to the speech auditory center through the auditory nerve. This cognitive mode is coordinated by the speech visual center, speech motor center and speech auditory center to understand the meaning of words through thinking activities.This kind of reading is often called reading aloud or reading aloud.

Both cognitive styles of reading have their advantages.From the perspective of memory, reading aloud requires the coordinated activities of multiple organs of vision, hearing and kinesthetic sense, which is conducive to the consolidation of memory.From the perspective of reading speed, silent reading does not require the participation of auditory and kinesthetic senses, and directly absorbs information visually. The process is relatively simple, and the reading speed is much faster than reading aloud and reciting in a low voice.Studies have shown that the average reading aloud is 150-200 words/minute, and the average silent reading can reach 400-600 words/minute. The speed of silent reading is about three times that of reading aloud.Experiments have shown that silent reading is not disturbed by sounds, allows for meditation, and is better than reading aloud in terms of facilitating understanding.

It can be seen that silent reading is an effective way to improve reading speed.To learn speed reading, we must first train the ability of silent reading.Since people have practiced reading aloud and reading in a low voice since primary school literacy, people have developed the habit of multiple speech centers coordinating activities.If you want to learn pure visual reading, you have to control or exclude the speech motor center and speech auditory center from participating in silent reading.When reading, grit your teeth, press your lips and throat with your fingers, or put something between your lips to prevent them from making pronunciation activities, which is conducive to the formation of pure visual silent reading ability.

That is to say, the first method of effective speed reading is to learn to read silently, which is a purely visual reading.

The second effective speed reading method is to expand the visual distance and overall cognition.Some people also call this method the dynamic reading method.Studies have pointed out that when reading, people's eyeballs jump down from time to time.Recognize words when the eyeballs stop.Turn your eyeballs to the text below as they twitch.The time for one eye stop is about 1/3 second.Each eye pause can recognize 1-7 text symbols.We call the number of words recognized when the eyeball stops is the sight distance.When reading, the eyes jump forward and the eyeballs move, and each eye movement is about one thousandth of a second. People only read the stops where the eyes jump.Just like this, stop to recognize, then jump down and stop your eyes on the next part of the text, which constitutes the entire reading activity.According to statistics, the eyes of readers only move for 3 minutes in an hour, accounting for 5% of the eye movement time; the eye stop time is 57 minutes, accounting for about 95%.

Therefore, if you want to improve your reading speed, you need to increase your sight distance and carry out overall cognition. cognition and understanding.Experimental studies have pointed out that expanding the visual distance and overall cognition can greatly improve reading speed.When reading, it is necessary to overcome the problem of pausing for one word or one word, and train yourself to read and recognize phrases and short sentences.Phrases can be written on a card, quickly flashed, and the explanation presents the meaning of the phrase on the card.You can also read some poems. Use a pencil to draw out phrases or short sentences in poems and essays, and practice the overall cognition in the drawn unit.Even walking on the road, try to read the license plate number of the passing car, memorize the advertising words on the posters or advertisements, etc., practice consciously, you can "catch" at a glance and read the above content.

Understand that the more words you can see at a glance, the greater your viewing distance and the faster you can read.

A third method of effective speed reading is to reduce retrovision.The so-called retrospection means that when people read an article, they usually move in a directional way from front to back. Sometimes in order to understand the shape or meaning of the front and rear characters, they need to return to the front from the back and read the previously read content. Looking back is called looking back.In the process of reading, the more times of looking back, the slower the reading speed.If you want to improve your reading speed, you must concentrate your attention so that you don't have to look back when reading, and only focus on moving forward.Some studies have pointed out that using this method can increase the reading speed by 10-15%.

You can improve your reading skills with the following exercises:

1. Use the method of timed reading to see how many words are read per minute on average at the beginning;

2. Improve the goal, strive to improve every time in training, high school graduates and college students can reach an average of nearly 2000 words per minute when they understand the text normally;

3. Start by reading short articles quickly, gradually increase the length of articles, and persist in training. It is required to pass 5 months of training, and strive to read a 3-page book within 200 hours, and can grasp the substantive content of the book.

The fourth effective speed reading cognition method is accurate saccade.The so-called accurate saccade refers to the process of shifting the line of sight from the end of the previous line to the beginning of the next line when reading.If you can scan accurately and proficiently when reading, the speed will be fast, otherwise the reading speed will be reduced. Therefore, mastering the skill of scanning is also an important aspect to improve the reading speed.

To master accurate scanning skills, one is to predict the text at the beginning of the next line based on a line of text that has been read.It is to have the mental preparation and training for rapid migration in reading, so that the migration can be completed smoothly.The second is to be good at controlling one's sight. When reading the end of a line, jump to the beginning of the next line.Don't look back and hesitate.It is best not to use tools such as rulers to help with migration.Using tools is distracting, and the speed of turning tools can't keep up with the speed of eye movements.

In short, when doing fast reading, you should use the pure visual system, that is, silent reading, expand the visual distance and overall cognition, reduce back vision and accurate saccade. Mastering these skills will greatly improve the reading speed.In speed reading, to ensure the understanding of the content, you must also pay attention to the following aspects of training.

In speed reading, while improving the reading speed, one should start to think quickly, so as to understand the meaning and focus of the reading text.If you read quickly but don't understand, then this kind of reading is invalid and useless.So speed reading must be combined with sharp thinking.

People's thinking can be divided into slow and quick, which is a concrete manifestation of a person's thinking quality.The agility of thinking is also the result of conscious exercise in the process of reading, thinking and solving problems.In order to ensure the quality of fast reading, readers should concentrate on thinking quickly and grasp the key content, key points, levels of knowledge, overall structure and spiritual essence of the article as soon as possible.

We all know that focusing without distraction is a must for productivity, and speed reading is no different.In speed reading and quick thinking, it is necessary to be highly focused, concentrate and concentrate.High concentration of attention can make the brain in an excited and active state, making people's perception, observation, memory, thinking and imagination more sharp, full of vitality, and high work efficiency.Concentration not only makes readers focus on the words they read, which is conducive to giving full play to the functions of observation and memory, but also makes the thinking activities focus on the meaning of the words read, which is easy to understand quickly, thus ensuring the quality of speed reading.For this reason, in speed reading, the attention must be highly concentrated on the reading material and cannot be distracted.Absent-mindedness cannot guarantee the quality of speed reading.

The ability to concentrate can be improved through training.You should pay attention to the self-training of attention.

In the process of reading, people do not passively accept the knowledge information in the reading, but actively perceive, remember and think.With the expansion of the content of the reading, the deepening of the meaning, and the advancement of the plot, readers not only gradually have a deeper understanding of the reading through perception, memory, thinking and imagination, but also can judge, expect and predict the content and development of the reading.If readers can correctly judge the development of the plot and predict the context in reading, it will make reading easy and smooth, thus speeding up the reading speed.Therefore, improving readers' ability to evaluate, judge and predict is also an important part of improving reading speed.

Judgment and prediction ability can be cultivated in reading. When we read an article, we often consciously judge the context, predict the development trend, actively carry out logical reasoning, and speculate on the result of the article.With regular exercise, predictive skills are improved and developed.

Mastering speed-reading skills and improving speed-reading ability are very helpful for grasping more and more information quickly. In the era of information and economic competition, the significance is even more significant.The reason why many successful people are superior to others is that they have the ability to grasp and use information in large quantities in a timely manner.So information is money, information is results, and information is success.Speed ​​reading is an important means to master and process information more and more quickly, so as to achieve success. We must not ignore the mastery and application of this skill.However, speed reading is only a form of reading, which has its own characteristics and shortcomings, and it cannot replace other reading methods.I hope that everyone will choose appropriate reading methods according to the content of different materials, different purposes and personal characteristics, such as science books, especially basic science textbooks, important professional books or classic books, all of which are composed of scientific concepts and conceptual systems , You must read it repeatedly, ponder and think carefully before you can gradually master it. If you blindly seek quickness, you may eat it without knowing its taste, and it will be ineffective.It is the most important point to flexibly use different reading methods according to different situations, and it must not be ignored.

The learning process is undergoing revolutionary changes. It is no longer just a matter of obtaining the richest and most information in the shortest time and at the fastest speed, and screening the information in the most effective way to achieve the best effect and produce the best effect. A wish, and it has become a possibility, and it has become a reality.

(End of this chapter)