Rebirth: I am in Jin-Cha-Ji

The output of aquatic products reached 1958 million tons in 470 and expanded to 1961 million tons in 540.

Why did the Second Five-Year Plan have to list 1958 separately? It was because 1958 was the peak of agriculture in New China. After that, due to the nationwide drought, agriculture was hit hard.

1958 was a normal year, so when formulating the Third Five-Year Plan, the plan must be based on 1958.

Especially after the onset of winter, many drought-stricken areas in northern China welcomed a long-awaited heavy snowfall. This arrival of snow brought joy to both the central and local governments. As the saying goes, "auspicious snow heralds a good harvest," both the central and local governments had been waiting for a heavy winter snowfall for years. Now everyone hoped that the drought of 1962 would not be as severe as that of 1961.

Given China's current situation, as long as the disaster in 1962 is less severe than that in 1961, many aspects of rural areas will be able to recover quickly.

Then comes light industry.

First of all, the output of chemical fibers reached 24 tons, including 7 tons of man-made fibers and 17 tons of synthetic fibers.

China's chemical fiber industry has achieved such success thanks to Khrushchev's generosity and China's import of a batch of related technologies and machinery from Europe and Japan.

Originally, the cotton production decreased, which led to the decrease in cotton yarn production. However, due to the rapid increase in the production of chemical fibers in recent years, the national cotton cloth production has exceeded

70 billion meters.

As long as China's agriculture recovers, cotton production recovers, and China's chemical fiber industry continues to develop, it will only take a few years for cotton cloth production to exceed 100 billion meters.

The output of paper and paperboard exceeded 1961 million tons in 300. After the liberation of China, the paper industry developed rapidly, mainly due to Soviet aid and the construction of the paper industry in exchange for prisoners of war from the United States during the Korean War.

However, national paper consumption has also surged due to economic development. When the People's Republic of China was first established, the country's paper self-sufficiency rate was only around 48%. After more than a decade of development, paper production has surged, but the current self-sufficiency rate is only 83%. One can imagine the rapid growth in paper consumption over the past decade. China now imports nearly one million tons of paper annually.

Sugar production exceeded 1960 million tons in 200.

In 1961, the national sugar production reached 230 million tons.

The large-scale development of China's sugar industry can be traced back to the Soviet Union's initial demand for large-scale rubber planting. At that time, the Wei Hongjun army adjusted the rubber campaign, adopting a strategy of "first Hainan, then the mainland." The original campaign was replaced by the development of local specialty industries.

Therefore, in order to develop the rubber industry, state-owned farms were established in Guangxi, Guangdong, Yunnan and other places, which were under the leadership of the South China Reclamation Bureau.

While developing the rubber industry, large quantities of sugarcane and coffee were planted, and then the sugar and coffee industries were vigorously developed.

In recent years, the Soviet Union has been implementing its Indochina strategy, increasing its demand for sugar. Consequently, it has invested in Guangxi and Yunnan to support the development of China's sugar industry. Guangxi and Yunnan have become China's most important sugar production bases.

Therefore, China's sugar industry is developing rapidly, and sugar production is also increasing at a rate of 20 to 30 tons per year.

The output of crude salt in 1961 was 1300 million tons. Then there are the main light industrial products that can be consumed by households on the market.

Household sewing machine production surged during the Second Five-Year Plan. In 1957, national production was only 120 million units, but by 1961, it had reached 440 million. Guangdong alone produced 300 million of these units. Guangdong is still expanding its production, with the current plan to double its output to 1965 million units by 600.

At present, many Chinese sewing machines are exported, resulting in a serious shortage of supply in the domestic sewing machine market. Because in the domestic sewing machine market, those sewing machines are not sold to households, but are bought in large quantities by garment factories.

But now, many Chinese families can afford to buy sewing machines, and there is an urgent need for them. As a result, sewing machines are the most in-demand industrial product in China.

During the Second Five-Year Plan, bicycle production grew even faster than sewing machine production. In 1961, the national bicycle production officially exceeded 500 million units.

The watch industry in New China also performed well during the Second Five-Year Plan. When the People's Republic of China was founded, China did not have its own watch industry, so China could only repair watches.

Does not make watches.

After the founding of New China, the import and export business was controlled.

Import controls on consumer goods such as watches are very strict.

As a result, there were suddenly no watches on the market.

In 1953, Tianjin took the lead in breaking this situation.

The first Chinese watch was manufactured in Shanghai. However, the watch industry developed fastest in Shanghai. In 1957, the production of watches in Shanghai exceeded 40 units.

After the central government mandated standardized production for industry, most industrial products began adopting standardized production practices. Whether it was bicycles or sewing machines, standardized production led to rapid increases in production. The watch industry was no exception.

In 1957, in order to solve the situation where watch factories across the country were working independently, the Ministry of Light Industry formed a national unified watch movement design group, which designed a unified movement with "accurate timekeeping, simple structure, good workmanship and easy maintenance" for use by most watch factories.

In 1958, the first "Tongxin" (unified core) was launched under the leadership of the Ministry of Light Industry. All watch factories followed suit, leading to a rapid increase in China's domestic watch production. By 1961, the country's watch production had reached 270 million.

Then there are radios. In 1961, national radio production exceeded 400 million units, reaching 440 million.

Over 300 million of these units were exported. Since Chinese transistor radios gained popularity in Eastern Europe, China Electronics Corporation's exports have been increasing over the past two years. Furthermore, the Soviet Union and Eastern European countries highly regarded these radios, with orders nearly doubling in 1962.

And they are not only exported to Eastern Europe. Currently, China's transistor radios are also exported to other places in large quantities through Hong Kong trading companies.

British traders, in particular, are very fond of exporting products from China. Currently, the world's main supplier of transistor radios is Japan's Sony Corporation.

With the support of the Americans, Sony was able to establish its own sales channels in the world market. Under this sales model, British traders did not make much profit.

But Chinese products are different. Although China has a large number of trading companies in Hong Kong, Macau, and Southeast Asia, their scale and connections are far inferior to those of British traders.

British traders have markets and channels, and can make a lot of money by reselling Chinese products, with very lucrative profits.

In addition to these products, light industry involves many other things, but these are currently the mainstay of China's light industry.

Next are heavy industrial products.

1132 The th National Congress of the Communist Party of China

The key investments in China's First and Second Five-Year Plans were in heavy industry.

Although light industry received state investment annually, it was not a priority. Therefore, as early as when Wei Hongjun was in charge of light industry, he formulated the policy that light industry should go global and find ways to support itself.

Therefore, in the past decade, China's light industry has cooperated with the Ministry of Foreign Trade and Economic Cooperation to obtain a large amount of foreign capital, which is a kind of self-made development. Moreover, much of the money earned has been used to invest in heavy industry.

Apart from other things, China currently imports large quantities of machinery, equipment, and industrial products from the Soviet Union and Eastern European countries annually, while also repaying substantial loans. A large portion of this is financed by light industry exports. As the youngest of the state's departments, light industry makes a significant contribution.

With this support, China's heavy industry data is also very good.

In 1961, the national steel output was 2200 million tons, which was on the same level as that of Britain, West Germany and Japan.

Steel production has exceeded that of many traditional industrial countries, such as France and Italy.

Moreover, among the countries with steel production exceeding 2000 million tons, only China and Japan's steel production is still increasing rapidly.

While steel production in the UK and West Germany is still increasing, the rate of increase has slowed. Of course, China is still relatively backward in steel technology. In particular, China's history of being not just backward but extremely backward is particularly evident in steel smelting technology.

China's current large-scale steel mills have all imported steel rolling equipment from the Soviet Union and Europe. Why does the central government attach so much importance to the construction of the Panzhihua Steel Base?

Because of the Panzhihua Iron and Steel Plant, many large equipment, including rolling equipment, are prepared to be solved by China itself.

Once completed China will be able to integrate China's steel industry.

Compared to China, West Germany, and Japan, their technology in this area has advanced by leaps and bounds. For example, in Japan, after World War II, more than 30% of the total investment in manufacturing was used in the steel industry.

As a result, Japan's steel industry technology developed rapidly in the 1960s and 1970s. In the steel industry, Japan led the world in the 1970s and 1980s.

However, reaching 2200 million tons of steel production was a great achievement for everyone. Most of the representatives who attended the th National Congress of the Communist Party of China had experienced war and faced enemy aircraft and artillery.

So they understand the importance of steel better than anyone else.

It is precisely because China’s steel industry is so poor that it is unable to develop its national defense industry and has been bullied by the great powers.

If China had produced more than 2000 million tons of steel at that time, how could Japan dare to attack China? Therefore, for the first generation of leaders, they had a very special feeling for steel.

Regardless of China's current steel technology, a production of 2200 million tons was a major event. Everyone was very excited, and gave a warm round of applause to Chen Yun's report on the steel data for the Second Five-Year Plan.

However, some officials in charge of industry smiled wryly. Steel production has been increasing, but the growth in steel demand far exceeds the growth in steel production.

Industry is truly a vast system, and steel is the backbone of it. For industry to develop, every aspect requires steel.

In the past two years, the shortage of steel in the market has become increasingly serious, and China can only import some steel from the Soviet Union to deal with the emergency.

But even if Soviet steel came to the rescue, the shortage of steel in the market could not be completely alleviated.

In order to rapidly increase steel production, large steel mills were expanded while many more were built.

In addition, technological transformation has been carried out to improve the efficiency of the steel plant.

As a result, problems arose with the supply of iron ore again.

The steel mills are expanding too quickly, and iron ore production can't keep up. The officials in the steel industry are really worried. The Ministry of Light Industry is complaining about the shortage of steel.

Many factories in the light industrial sector have a large number of orders, but the lack of steel makes it impossible to complete production.

The bicycle industry alone currently demands 500,000 to 600,000 tons of steel annually. Furthermore, the bicycle industry is currently experiencing rapid growth, and demand for steel will soon exceed one million tons.

Moreover, many light industrial factories have trade orders and often engage in international business, requiring guaranteed steel supply.

When these people could not get steel from the steel department, they went to the old leaders for support. As a result, the central leaders issued various approvals.

The steel industry is under so much pressure that it is cursing.

They are all big shots, and no one can afford to offend them. Then there is the issue of the production of some non-ferrous metals.

In 1961, the national copper production was 14 tons and the aluminum production was 20 tons.

By 1961, the national installed power generation capacity reached 3441 million kilowatts, and the national power generation was 1560.28 billion kilowatt-hours.

In the past two years, in order to solve the problem of power shortage, the Ministry of Electric Power Industry has rushed to build several large thermal power plants.

The generators used were all imported from the Soviet Union and Poland, large generators with a capacity of more than 10 kilowatts. The largest one was imported from East Germany with an installed capacity of more than

A large generator with a capacity of 30 kilowatts.

China's current technology is not capable of producing such large generators, so it can only import large quantities from the Soviet Union and Eastern European countries.

We will also support local governments in rapidly building a number of small power plants with installed capacity of only tens of kilowatts, as China itself can already provide the necessary equipment and technology for these small thermal power plants.

Therefore, in the past two years, a number of small thermal power plants have been built in local areas.

Of course, there is also the construction of large-scale small hydropower plants in towns and rural areas across the country.

After Li Xuezhi was transferred to the central government and served as assistant minister of the Ministry of Water Resources and Electric Power, he was mainly responsible for promoting small hydropower projects across the country.

Li Xuezhi summarized the development of small hydropower in China and then formally wrote a report on small hydropower projects, which was approved by the Secretariat, the Finance and Economics Working Committee, the State Council, and the Ministry of Water Resources.

In this report, Li Xuezhi explicitly stipulated that whoever invested in the construction of small hydropower projects would own the project and receive all the revenue. While this had been the practice before, this time, Li Xuezhi, acting in the name of the Ministry of Water Resources and Electric Power, provided a clearer confirmation of ownership of small hydropower projects, allaying some local concerns.

At the same time, Li Xuezhi actively contacted the newly established Agricultural Bank of China to support the development of small hydropower in towns and rural areas.

As a result, after the establishment of the Agricultural Bank of China, nearly 40% of rural loans flowed into small hydropower projects in rural towns and villages.

The investment for a small hydropower project with an installed capacity of 100 kilowatts is only about RMB .

A 1000-kilowatt project is considered a relatively large small hydropower project, requiring an investment of just over 100 million yuan. However, within a few years, over billion yuan in bank funds flowed into small hydropower projects.

Combined with the billions of kilowatts raised by counties, towns and villages themselves and a small amount of central government funding, the installed capacity of small hydropower in China exceeded 160 million kilowatts within four years. Combined with the existing small hydropower, the installed capacity of small hydropower in China exceeded

200 million kilowatts, and small hydropower generation reached 87 billion kilowatt-hours.

Many counties across the country have completed small local power grids relying on these small hydropower plants.

Of course, the development of small hydropower projects will become faster and faster.

Because Li Xuezhi has integrated the country's small hydropower supporting industries by relying on the development of small hydropower in the country in recent years.

A regionally defined small hydropower supporting industry has emerged nationwide. For example, in Northeast China, Jilin City, Jilin Province, has developed a small hydropower supporting industry by training a group of technical personnel based on the Fengman Hydropower Station. Jilin City can provide the necessary equipment and technical support for small hydropower development in any region of Northeast China.