The Heroic Age of the Late Qing Dynasty

"Hands down."

Zhang Yinghao ordered.

All comrades followed Zhang Yinghao's lead, lowered their arms, and returned to their seats under his command.

"Our current urgent tasks are, on the one hand, to develop comrades, and on the other hand, to complete the existing work. Everyone, please bring out the document, the Discipline Code."

The document that had just been sent was still on the desk and had not been put away yet. Everyone was looking for their own document on discipline.

Zhang Yinghao continued, "The Party only accepts new comrades who agree with our political program, such as the Agrarian Revolution and the worker-peasant alliance. At this stage, the Party's important propositions must be kept secret. Regarding this issue, I believe the Party organization should establish several departments, one of which would be responsible for promoting the Party's program—the Propaganda Department. At this stage, the Party's propaganda efforts focus on encouraging prospective Party members, active laborers, and outstanding soldiers to join the Party."

Chapter 42: Military Party Leaders Busy with Training

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How many times does it take for a person to learn from the same mistake? Actually, it doesn't happen, because the trajectory of his life remains unchanged. Only after a painful experience that reaches the bone marrow will he truly learn from it. — Quotes from Zhang Yinghao

Zhang Yinghao paused for a moment and continued, "I would like to remind all comrades here that we must always be vigilant against the lumpenproletariat and small producers. The lumpenproletariat are those ruffians and scoundrels. Although they are members of the proletariat, they are the passive and corrupt part of the lowest class in the old society. They extort money and do a lot of bad things. Moreover, these people are the easiest to be bribed by the enemy and do counter-revolutionary things. There are also small producers, that is, the petty bourgeoisie. They are the most fanatical, just like an over-energized penis, they get erections at the slightest provocation. In order to achieve their goals, these people are likely to take shortcuts and use any means necessary.

Therefore, our party members must be workers. That is, no matter whether that person is well-educated or considered very capable, as long as he is not a worker and does not work with us, we will not accept him as one of our own.

Another department was responsible for organizing production, namely the Ministry of Industry and the Ministry of Agriculture. The requirement for the production department was that after the meeting, after the New Year, we would immediately launch a large-scale military operation, which would require a large amount of guns, ammunition, and supplies. Upon returning, we had to increase production to ensure the smooth progress of the military operation.

We also need to organize a foreign trade department to be responsible for doing business with foreigners and purchasing the materials and machinery and equipment we need.

Finally, we will establish a National Emergency Committee for the Elimination of Counterrevolutionaries and Work Sabotage. This committee will serve during this extraordinary period. This department will later be renamed the People's Internal Affairs Committee, which will now specifically address counterrevolutionaries and work sabotage. We, the members of the Forward Party, will not stop working even for a simple meal or water. We, the Forward Party members, work for the people, rely on the people, and come from the masses and go to the masses. Those who deliberately slack off and sabotage work will all be treated as counterrevolutionaries. Those with minor offenses will be sent to labor reform, while those with more serious offenses will be sentenced to death.

Now our Party Congress will temporarily replace the People's Congress, and we will immediately hold the next round of elections to elect our department heads... Then we will begin the elections for the Party Chairman and members of the Central Committee..."

......

After the election, it was clear that Comrade Zhang Yinghao would serve as Chairman and General Secretary of the Forward Party. The General Secretary is the Secretary-General, meaning the meeting recorder. The Central Committee also has the positions of Chairman, Vice Chairman, and General Secretary. They also established a Party School and a cadre school, but due to a lack of talent, Zhang Yinghao had to work tirelessly. The members of the Central Committee included... Comrade Luo Zelin was appointed Minister of Organization, and Comrade Ma Haifeng, who had zero tolerance for corruption, was appointed Inspector General of the Central Commission for Discipline Inspection. Comrade Yuan Kesheng was appointed Director of the Central Intelligence Agency. Zhang Kai was appointed Minister of Public Security and would establish a public security police force and a police academy. Comrade Zhang Yinghao was appointed concurrently Minister of Propaganda and Minister of Education. Comrade Chen Yiwei was appointed President of the Commission of Science, Technology, and Industry, and Comrade Chen Guiying, Director of Women's Affairs, was appointed...

"Um, Captain, what should I call you from now on?"

"Oh, we are comrades. We all eat at the same table and discuss things at the same table. I am just sitting in the chairman's position now, presiding over everyone's work. From now on, you can just call me Chairman. My full title is Comrade Zhang Yinghao, Chairman of the Forward Party and Chairman of the Military Commission of the Revolutionary Army."

"Yes, Chairman."

......

After completing these elections and work arrangements, the next step was to discuss the responsibilities of each comrade. Since everyone had no previous administrative experience, Zhang Yinghao was kept busy, constantly explaining the specifics of his duties to his comrades. He also established the Military Commission within the army, with Zhang Yinghao serving as its Chairman and Director of the General Political Department. The Vice Chairman and other members of the Military Commission were Zhang Feng, Ouyang Jun, and others.

In reality, Zhang Yinghao will never relinquish his positions as Party Chairman and CMC Chairman. One represents ideological leadership, and the other is the ultimate force ensuring the implementation of his ideology. Zhang Yinghao will not delegate these tasks to anyone else. If he were to relinquish these two responsibilities now, he would be courting his own demise.

Zhang Yinghao shuddered at the thought of being at the mercy of others. He knew he was incompatible with them, with many of their ideas completely different. If he gave them the initiative, he would only end up arguing or spending his days trying to persuade them, leaving him with nothing else to do.

In his previous life, Zhang Yinghao had read novels that actually handed over the position of supreme leader of the Party to others, even letting others establish the Party, and even deliberately quitting to clear his name. Other novels depicted that as long as one had money and power, nothing else mattered, allowing the Party to spread propaganda within the military, even allowing the formation of Party organizations within the military. Zhang Yinghao scoffed at this, and usually stopped reading after reading this. These authors simply didn't understand that humans are essentially political creatures. These novels were fundamentally wrong and boring.

Zhang Yinghao formally established the Political Department within the army, employing a large number of young people as political commissars. As for the former female instructors, such as Comrade Liu Erlan, all but a few outstanding comrades were transferred from these positions. After a period of training, these young people were now generally capable of following the script. However, they were still unable to fully utilize their abilities, and only a few comrades were able to apply their knowledge to other tasks.

Within the military, Zhang Yinghao sought absolute control. Starting with the squad leader, there was an instructor, followed by a political commissar. Soldiers formed soldier committees, and nearly all leadership positions had deputies ready to replace the leader and ensure smooth operation. All guards had to be assigned by the political department, and guard duties rotated between various leaders. These measures were intended to prevent the military from becoming a warlord system, creating a fragmented system of factions.

After Zhang Yinghao came to this world and practiced for a period of time, he gradually discovered that as long as people could be organized, things could be accomplished. The more leaders there were in the organization, the more centralized it would be, and there would be no powerful power holders who became too powerful to be eliminated.

Therefore, Zhang Yinghao's military design included an officer organization, a Party organization, a political department, a staff department, a soldiers' committee, and a disciplinary inspection committee. He also divided the army into a headquarters, a staff department (department), a political department (department), a logistics department (department), and an equipment department (department).

The organizational structure of the troops was exactly the same as what Zhang Yinghao had designed on a blank piece of paper, thus reaching the highest level that Zhang Yinghao felt he could control the army. Zhang Yinghao didn't know how to adjust it any higher. As long as he could implement his design, Zhang Yinghao would be satisfied.

Zhang Yinghao can only achieve this much now. After all, he's not a professional and has never served in the military. He believes he was able to achieve this because he enjoyed reading "An Outline of Mao Zedong Thought and the Theoretical System of Socialism with Chinese Characteristics" (also known as "Mao Gai") during his college years. Zhang Yinghao even believes that if he hadn't wanted to become a civil servant and read some political books during his college years, he wouldn't have been able to establish a decent political party in this remote mountain village.

Zhang Feng is currently reading Zhang Yinghao's latest article, titled "Analysis of the Various Classes in Chinese Society." Its first sentence is: "Who are our friends and who are our enemies? This is the primary question of revolution. Past historical struggles have yielded little success because we failed to unite with true friends to attack true enemies..."

While Zhang Feng was reading, Zhang Yinghao was also teaching comrades from the Political and Propaganda Departments. He heard him say, "What is politics? Politics is the activities of classes, political parties, social groups, and individuals in domestic and international relations. In our current class society, politics manifests itself as class relations and class struggle. The politics of any class is aimed at safeguarding the interests of that class and establishing and consolidating class rule. Simply put, the politics of our Forward Party is about safeguarding our interests. Who are our friends and who are our enemies? We must do everything we can to make our friends more and our enemies fewer.

Some comrades participated in our battle against the landlords in Liujiazhai and in the recent counter-encirclement and suppression campaign. They may still remember how we shouted when we attacked Liu Youcai and the landlord who was suppressing us some time ago. Does anyone remember?

The words went something like this: "Everyone, listen! We're here because the landlord inside this enclosure sent people to attack us. We're back for revenge. We have no grudges against anyone else inside. Everyone, go home and lock your doors. We will absolutely not enter your houses. If you don't go home, get down on the ground immediately when we attack, and we won't fight you. But if you insist on sticking with the landlords to the bitter end, we won't hold back. Everyone, think of your wives and children at home. Remember when we attacked, and try to escape, otherwise your family will have no one to take care of them..." Then he went on to recount the landlords' crimes.

That's the correct way to shout, right? You see, we first tell the people inside why we're here and who the enemy is. We tell them how to hide, that we won't enter their homes, and we list the landlords' crimes. So the purpose of our shouting is to put our main enemy first, and everyone else is our target for division, disintegration, and unity. So we need to understand who our main enemy is inside that fortress. There are the landlords' families, the militias organized by the landlords, their lackeys, and the uninformed masses. Who is our real enemy?

Needless to say, our main enemies were the landlords and their families. So, once we understood who was our friend and who was our enemy, we had to find ways to disintegrate the enemy's inner circle. Perhaps without our propaganda, the uninformed masses inside would surely be deceived by the landlords, who would tell us we would invade and commit a massacre. Then, if we encountered the civilians inside the fortress, they would fiercely resist.

But when we make our announcements, we only seek revenge on the landlords, and others don't fall for it. They hide in their homes and avoid accidental harm. Then, we can list the crimes of the landlords' families and make the innocent people who have been deceived become our friends. Even if they don't become our friends, at least they won't put up a desperate resistance against us. In this way, we will have more friends and fewer enemies, and our strength will grow. Therefore, our comrades in the political and propaganda departments must carefully study these matters and remember to unite with our comrades and friends while fighting...

At the same time, Chen Yiwei was also reading Zhang Yinghao's recent article, "Who Will China's Rejuvenation Depend on?" It read: China's current problems aren't traditional, moral, cultural, ethnic, or even nationalistic. They're simply a matter of starvation and abuse. Ultimately, it's a question of industrialization: whether to industrialize, and how to develop it.

The landlord class, focused on the eternal survival of their family's interests, was too dispersed, and all their earnings were reinvested in the land. Consequently, the landlord class was unable to shoulder the historical responsibility of China's industrialization. The Qing court, the representative of the landlord class, had now proven unreliable. The failure of the Westernization Movement also marked the failure of landlord reformism.

So, can the lower-class peasant masses shoulder this heavy responsibility? History has already proven the answer: no. The Taiping Heavenly Kingdom once conquered half of China, but the inherent narrow-mindedness and limitations of the peasant class were insufficient to shoulder this historical responsibility. The rapid corruption and degeneration of the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom's upper echelons, including Hong Xiuquan, demonstrates this. The Boxer Rebellion, still raging in Beijing, Tianjin, and Zhili, further exposes the narrow-minded nature of small-scale peasant thinking.

So, can China's compradors and national capitalism shoulder this responsibility? The answer is no. The comprador class is like a ball of white flour before the foreigners, its lifeblood in the hands of the great powers. They simply cannot stand up to them. The great powers can mold the compradors into anything they want, whether they are round or square.

Chapter 43: Explain the case clearly

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Identifying problems promptly and adjusting methods are essential qualities for a leader. — Quotes from Zhang Yinghao

Chen Yiwei felt a chill as he read these articles. He had never read anything like them before. They exposed the true face of the world so viscerally. He couldn't imagine what kind of person Zhang Yinghao was. He rubbed his eyes, turned the page, and continued reading. "Chinese capitalists are equally incapable of shouldering this historical responsibility, because Chinese capitalism exists entirely between bureaucratic compradors and the imperialist powers. Chinese capitalism is congenitally underdeveloped, and its nature is to compromise. The vast majority of these capitalists need to purchase machinery from the great powers and their technical support. Their very lifeblood is also in the hands of the great powers, forcing them to manipulate them to their will."

Therefore, in our great nation of China, only the rising proletariat, the rising power, can shoulder this historical mission. China's current problems are not institutional or the quality of its rulers; they are simply industrialization problems. Even the most powerful agricultural nation cannot match the mobilization capabilities of the most insignificant industrial nation. Even a tiny Western nation, the size of a booger, could crush the Qing Dynasty in terms of military mobilization.

At the same time, China's industrialization cannot follow the old path of Western colonialism, with its practices like British sheep-eating-people, American genocide, the Holocaust, and the triangular trade (for details, see the history of European development). That would be too tragic. China cannot simply drive people into cities and leave them to fend for themselves. Therefore, our first step must be land reform to solve the problem of food security for all. At the same time, we must concentrate all our manpower and resources on developing industry, especially heavy industry. This is the only correct option for China, and it is the key to resolving the problem of being bullied...

Zhang Yinghao has always believed that the real gap between China and the world widened after the Second Industrial Revolution. Although the First Industrial Revolution also created a great deal of wealth, this was relative to agriculture. If China wanted to catch up, it could do so by concentrating its resources and organizing a relatively advanced organization.

However, it was not until the Second Industrial Revolution that productivity truly achieved a significant improvement, and the power of industry to accumulate wealth was no longer something that could be matched by human effort. Therefore, at that time, China could only employ the most advanced organizational methods, albeit at great cost, and victory was not guaranteed.

Moreover, due to the excessively rapid development of productivity, contradictions intensified and could not be adjusted, leading to the outbreak of a world war. Even a nation like Japan joined in the brutal competition. Of course, China was the one that suffered the most.

......

In this way, the days passed, and everyone was constantly learning while doing their work. As for whether they were learning well, Zhang Yinghao felt that these comrades had made great progress. At the same time, Zhang Yinghao also frequently organized examinations for relevant personnel. Zhang Yinghao hoped that the comrades would remember certain key points: a correct position and a correct attitude.

In his spare time, Zhang Yinghao wrote two powerful articles, "On Contradiction" and "On Practice." Although he can't remember much about these two articles, he still remembers the key points of the book. He can still write about the principal contradiction, the secondary contradiction, the primary and secondary aspects of a contradiction, and the mutual transformation of contradictions. These two articles played a huge role in transforming the comrades' worldview and methodology, and were unparalleled in helping them analyze and solve problems.

While it would be a bit of an overestimation to say these comrades fully understood these articles, Zhang Yinghao nevertheless wrote them. These two articles were powerful tools for teaching people to understand the world, recognize problems, and transform their studies and themselves. As long as his comrades could understand at least a little, Zhang Yinghao would be satisfied. He later wrote "How Long Can the Red Flag Fly High" to encourage and strengthen their confidence. He also wrote "Where There Is Oppression, There Is Resistance" to guide comrades on how to better complete their work at the grassroots level.

Of course, most of these articles are currently circulated internally, used to train his own comrades, and not publicly released. After all, if certain principles were clearly explained, the landlord class, for example, would surely organize and fight him to the death. Currently, he couldn't withstand the pressure coming from all sides. Sometimes, Zhang Yinghao felt that he could only write articles and provide education, and that there wasn't much he could actually do. However, Zhang Yinghao believed that with these articles, he could still cultivate a few revolutionaries, so that he wouldn't have to shoulder everything himself.

......

"...These are the last few classes for all Party members before the Lunar New Year. I repeat here: if we want to save China, if we want to avoid being bullied, if we want to become prosperous and strong, then we have only one path to take, and that is industrialization. To a certain extent, we must industrialize at all costs.

Some comrades don't know what industry is. Let me give you a simple example. A single farmer might only produce a few hundred to a thousand kilograms of grain annually, and that's only one or two harvests a year. So, for example, in our ironworks, if each worker only produces an average of 100 kilograms of iron per day, that's over 30,000 kilograms per year. Assuming one kilogram of iron is worth three kilograms of grain, then our workers are effectively producing 90,000 kilograms of grain annually—over 90 times more than what farmers can produce. The value produced by one worker in a year is equivalent to that produced by ninety or even a hundred farmers. Labor efficiency has been greatly improved. Therefore, we must develop industry; our country must industrialize.

To develop industry and industrialize, we had to buy machinery and recruit talent from abroad. This required money. Where did this money come from? First, we attacked the local tyrants. Unless there were special circumstances, all the money from their homes had to be transported back to the central government. Soon, only our own RMB could be used within our base area, but foreigners wouldn't accept our RMB; they had to pay in silver. The money that was transported back wasn't for me, or anyone else, but was used to purchase machinery and equipment, recruit talent, and train them.

I've said before that wherever we go, all land must have an owner. Will it be managed by individuals, collectives, or the state? All land will be nationalized. The land farmers cultivate now belongs to the state, but it's simply leased to farmers. In the future, if they stop cultivating, the land will be reclaimed and leased back to those who want to farm. As I just said, one worker does the work of more than ninety farmers. Therefore, in the future, there will be more and more workers and fewer and fewer farmers.

The second source of income is the minerals beneath our ground. All mineral resources are state-owned. These minerals are precious resources bequeathed to all of us Chinese by our ancestors, including our descendants. We must use these resources to enhance our national strength and develop our productivity. We must benefit ourselves and our descendants and create a better future. Now we don't have the money to buy machinery, so what can we do? We can only sell resources—that is, we mine minerals, boil salt, keep what we use, and sell the rest to outsiders. What do we do with the money? We still use it to buy machinery and equipment.

It is important to note that we are not selling the mines to foreigners. Instead, we mine the minerals ourselves and then sell them for money. Our country's mineral resources must not fall into the hands of foreigners.

The third source of income is from selling the products we make. For example, the down jackets, pig bristles, and tung oil used by some of our comrades, the clothes and pants made in our garment factories, and the bamboo products we weave—all of these are sold for silver. What do we use this silver for? It's used to buy machinery and equipment. And what is this equipment used for? It's used to produce more things. These machines and equipment are the foundation of our industrialization.

Don't have any negative thoughts about foreigners. We truly can't manufacture these machines and equipment ourselves, so we have to buy them. If we could manufacture them ourselves, we wouldn't have to buy them from foreigners anymore. We need our own comrades to work in the factories using the machines and equipment we buy, understand the scientific principles behind them, and then manufacture the same machines ourselves. Only in this way can we truly become prosperous and strong, and no one can bully us anymore."

"After all this talk, if some comrades can understand it, then it will surely be implemented well. If some comrades don't understand it, then they will gradually understand it during implementation. Even if they still don't understand, our resolutions must be implemented. No one can refuse for any reason. The resolutions of the Party Central Committee must be implemented. The principle of individual obedience to the organization, minority obedience to the majority, lower levels obedience to higher levels, and the entire Party obedience to the Central Committee must be followed. This applies to both ordinary Party members and cadre Party members..."

After the Party lecture, Zhang Yinghao returned to the military academy to give a lecture to his fellow soldiers: "Comrades, fellow soldiers, today we are discussing asymmetric warfare. What is asymmetric warfare? It means that in war, there are always differences between the adversaries. In certain situations, these differences can put one side at an advantage and the other at a disadvantage, creating an asymmetric situation. We call this type of warfare asymmetric warfare. Simply put, it's about using one's strengths to attack the opponent's weaknesses. This involves time, space, force, technical level, combat methods, and so on. For example, if two people are shooting at each other, one with a rifle and the other with a slingshot, there is asymmetry between the two."

"Let's take our current situation as an example. For example, if the Qing court knew we were revolting, what would happen? They would definitely send people to attack us, kill us, and take back the land they've lost. And of course, we would fight the Qing court to the death for our land (Zhang Yinghao is such a scoundrel, he never forgets to incite the Qing court). So how would the Qing court attack us? Let's assume that the Qing court sent four armies."

After saying this, Zhang Yinghao drew a circle on the blackboard, then drew four scissors to represent the Qing troops, with the scissors pointing towards the circle. He then said, "Suppose that through reconnaissance, we only discovered three of the troops, and there is one that we haven't discovered yet. Is that possible?"

"Have."

Then Zhang Yinghao erased one of them.

He turned and said, "Suppose the long arrow has 2,000 men, the middle one 1,500, and the short one 800. They attack us from three directions. We only have one regiment, and everyone knows how many men there are. What should we do? Some would say to attack the smaller group first, some would say to attack the middle group first, and some would say to attack the larger group. There must be some truth to all of them."

Last time, when we discussed combat principles, we said that we must concentrate our firepower to fight a decisive battle. Therefore, we must first send people to investigate the enemy's firepower, marching routes, and speed. We must first know both ourselves and the enemy, so that we can fight with no loss of victory. Then, we must make specific judgments based on the specific circumstances.

Here, we assume that we will detach small units and use our tactics of retreating when the enemy advances and harassing when the enemy stays. Our main force will be used to attack the smaller units, focusing on the easiest to defeat and where we can completely annihilate them. Let's assume that this group of 800 is easy to defeat, so we can use ambushes and surprise attacks, just like we did with the bandit militia last time, to wipe them out in one fell swoop.

Then the enemy still has two forces. If we secretly march quickly, taking advantage of the information asymmetry, and reach the next ambush location, can we eliminate these 1,500 people? Even if we can't completely annihilate them, we can at least cripple them. So, are we still afraid of the remaining 2,000 enemies? "

"Not afraid."

"Of course we're not afraid. In our base, we can go wherever we want. We'll raid their supply lines and shoot them from behind. The fat ones will become thinner, and the thin ones will die. Think about it, a person will die after just a few days without food and water. And these enemies in our base will soon die after being beaten every day without food and water for a few days. If we see them dying, we can use our guns to kill them. Isn't that right?"

After hearing Zhang Yinghao's relaxed question, the officers and soldiers all laughed.

Chapter 44

Zhang Yinghao continued: "I just said they have four forces, and we don't know where the other one is. So if they enter our base, they will definitely

We will find out soon. When we find out, can we make arrangements according to the enemy's situation, or quickly gather all our forces?

Destroy the enemy or hide and wait.

Have you noticed that in this kind of asymmetric warfare, we are not

When you find three enemy groups, you should divide your forces into three groups, but concentrate your forces to fight an annihilation war. This is asymmetric power. Then you should make a long-distance attack, which is the most important.

If necessary, ambush the enemy at a time and place he least expects.

Our troops have been running from the battlefield of the first battle to the second ambush position here. We are exhausted. So why are we still fighting?

That's the key, taking the enemy by surprise and attacking them when they're unprepared. That's when our training is tested. If that happens, and any unit falls behind while running—and fails to complete the mission—don't blame me for military action.

Now, I will explain to you, comrades, the science of winning wars, the principles of victory in war—the most important thing is always to observe your opponent. In other words, knowing yourself and knowing your enemy, does it mean you can fight a hundred battles without defeat or win a hundred battles? What does it mean to know yourself and your enemy?

"Invincible in every battle."

"A hundred battles will never be in vain."

"It is a hundred battles without danger. Why? The meaning of "without danger" is "no danger".

No matter whether you are strong or weak, as long as you fully understand yourself and the enemy, then there will be no danger in your battle.

Fight, and if you can't win, run away. Right?

After observing your opponent, you should make the best choice and deployment in the shortest possible time. Why do you think that? Because both the enemy and you are constantly changing. You are observing the enemy, and the enemy is also observing you. Your changes will also lead to changes in the enemy. In fact, it is impossible for you to fully understand all the information of the enemy on the battlefield.

There is fog of battle.

Therefore, after observing the enemy, we must make our choices and deployments as quickly as possible before they become ineffective, choosing the right time and place to launch an all-out attack. In ancient times, the tactic of siege was to enter the city gates at will, which was called "pouring into the cloud." The Xizhong team would start from a small group and pour into the city.

For example, when we face a wall, we don’t know where there is a hole that can allow water to penetrate. So we keep testing it with water.

The moment we discovered that water could penetrate the wall, we tried our best to destroy the wall along the gap.

Therefore, the science of victory lies in understanding the specific situation of both the enemy and ourselves, reacting swiftly in the shortest possible time, seizing the initiative in battle, quickly identifying the enemy's weaknesses, and delivering a devastating blow with all our might. Simply put, it's observation, speed, and fierce attack. Just like two people fighting, observe the opponent, test each other, find the weakness, and then deliver a devastating blow with all your might.

The "Science of Victory" that Zhang Yinghao talked about is the three basic elements of the military theory of Alexander Vasilyevich Suvorov, one of the greatest military strategists in Russian history. It emphasizes rapid maneuverability, active offense, and advocates concentrating troops in the main direction to annihilate the enemy's vitality. This thought guided the development of the Soviet Red Army and eventually became one of the core war concepts of the Chinese Workers' and Peasants' Red Army.

"Comrades, we will soon have a military operation. The comrades here all know the rules and have learned our 'Three Disciplines and Eight Points of Attention', right?"

"Learned."

"That's good. We will attack the landlords and confiscate all their property, grain, and other spoils. These spoils are not for me, Zhang Yinghao, but for us to buy equipment and machinery, to make guns and cannons. With better weapons, we can win more battles. Moreover, the army will recruit soldiers locally and send them to our training grounds for training. These soldiers also need food and drink, and part of this food and drink depends on the spoils of our army. You must know that the trained soldiers will also be added to your army. Of course, you also need to organize the local people to build water conservancy facilities, and the method can be the same as our Zhangjiagou and Liujiazhai..."

Seeing that the New Year was approaching, Zhang Yinghao finally called together all the party members in Zhangjiagou to give the last lecture before the New Year.

"Comrades, this is the last class of the year. Here are our comrades from the army, our comrades from the factory, and all our comrades in Zhangjiagou.

Comrade. Today's class is to talk to you about the problems we encounter in our work. Comrades have now done the most basic work.

People should be able to understand that grassroots work is very difficult and will encounter many problems. Although many problems and solutions to the problems will be reported internally for everyone to refer to. But everyone

You must understand clearly that this is the solution we have reported to you.

It is for reference of comrades, not to force comrades to do as stated in the notice.

Next is the main content of today's lecture, which is four words: seek truth from facts. Today we will talk about these four words. Seek truth from facts,

This means saying what you mean and what you mean, thinking and acting strictly in accordance with objective reality. Starting from the actual situation, neither exaggerating nor minimizing, correctly approaching and handling problems, and reaching the correct conclusion.

This "seeking truth from facts" comes from "Book of Han: Biography of Liu De, King Xian of Hejian": "King Xian of Hejian, De, was established two years before Emperor Jing. He studied hard, loved ancient things, and sought truth from facts."

Shi Gu's note: "To obtain facts is to always seek the truth." In the Ming Dynasty, Zhang Juzheng wrote in "Xinwei Examination Procedure II": "The purpose of revitalizing and comprehensively managing the system was to never go beyond the old rules. They were to seek the truth from facts and not to accept empty words."