The Heroic Age of the Late Qing Dynasty

This is what made Zhang Yinghao so angry. Damn!

This is a newspaper. How can a newspaper write like this? Can it still be published if it is written like this? It is really far from the truth.

Although this incident did not happen in the Liberated Area, but in present-day Shanghai, this report was widely sold in the Liberated Area, which shows that the management loopholes in the Liberated Area were not small.

For Zhang Yinghao, if such a thing happened in the 21st century, he would not bother to pay attention. It is very normal for men and women to fall in love and live together. It is also a small matter to break up directly if they are not satisfied in the end.

The courts would not care about these things, but now it is different. Cohabitation?

Damn it!

Now, apart from brothels, which woman would you just sleep with and then be so heartless and unrecognizable to you? Even Zhang Yinghao wouldn't dare to do that! If that were the case, then this woman probably had no choice but to slit her throat and hang herself.

For centuries, the idea that dying of starvation is a minor offense, while losing one's chastity is a major one has been stigmatized. This is no joke. Even a single spit can kill. If social norms don't change, how will a woman in this era, who has no legitimate status and is slept with by a man, face the world in the future?

Zhang Yinghao knew that people make laws, but this kind of thing was indeed difficult to define legally, and could only be condemned from a moral perspective. After all, even if Zhang Yinghao had now made a hooligan charge, it was a case of mutual consent, freedom of love and freedom of marriage. He couldn't say Wei Zhaowen broke the law and charge him with hooliganism just because he didn't marry Xu Shengnan, right? And didn't this happen in the liberated areas?

Of course, Zhang Yinghao's main concern now is to solve the problem of pornographic articles in newspapers rather than the story itself.

"Free speech, we are..."

Zou Guiwen was about to say something when Zhang Yinghao knew there was a problem after hearing the first few words.

"Freedom of speech doesn't mean that these newspapers can publish whatever they want."

Zhang Yinghao was really angry. He slammed the table again and said quickly: "Freedom, freedom, freedom is never unconditional, nor is it without boundaries. Freedom is relative. There is never absolute freedom. Freedom must be within the legal framework. Everyone must be responsible for what they do. Freedom cannot be a reason to harm the physical and mental health of the people. Newspaper, what is a newspaper? Its freedom is freedom of speech, the freedom to tell the truth, not to write these nonsense.

This kind of freedom, spreading rumors, defaming others, and attacking others, is not freedom and is not protected by the law. Instead, criminal liability will be pursued."

Zhang Yinghao breathed a sigh of relief and continued, "Comrade Zou Guiwen, you will take the lead in establishing the General Administration of Press and Publication immediately. It will be responsible for the management and review of news and newspapers, and temporarily responsible for the management of film and broadcasting. Party committees at all levels will supervise all types of newspapers and newspapers.

Your Propaganda Department must immediately formulate media rules, and all departments must work together to re-examine the qualifications of newspapers and media to see if they are qualified to publish newspapers and magazines.

"We need to conduct regular inspections to prevent this kind of thing from happening again. How can we allow such filthy things to appear in the newspapers and in front of the public? This is a lack of management on our part, and it's simply nonsense."

Zhang Weiqiang immediately stated, "The Chairman is right. Such newspapers should not be published. This is the responsibility of our propaganda department. These vulgar newspapers are not only found in the Qing Dynasty, but also in the concessions. Even in the liberated areas, there are several such publications. We will rectify this as soon as possible and put an end to this unhealthy trend in newspapers and magazines."

Zhang Yinghao vented his anger for a while, then calmed down. After hearing Zou Guiwen's assurance, Zhang Yinghao still said, "Haha, comrades, I am anxious, but things are not that simple. Marx said: Capital is afraid of no profit or too little profit, just as nature is afraid of a vacuum. Once there is a proper profit, capital will become bolder. If there is a 10% profit, it is guaranteed to be used everywhere; with a 20% profit, it will become active; with a 50% profit, it will dare to take risks; with a 100% profit, it will dare to trample on all human laws; with a 300% profit, it will dare to commit any crime, even at the risk of being hanged.

I think everyone is aware of the profits such newspapers can bring to these unscrupulous capitalists, so this is just the beginning. But I still say: freedom of speech is not a shield for nonsense. We must develop specific management measures for those who fabricate facts, spread rumors and slander, make personal attacks, and even engage in vulgar and despicable acts. We must work with public security departments to deal with every case we discover and punish until no one dares to test the law.

We also need to conduct a nationwide investigation of this type of media to understand who supports these media, what forces and capital are supporting them, and whether there are foreign forces and capital. We still need to understand these situations.

Comrade Zhang Kai from the Ministry of Public Security immediately stated, "Chairman, we will immediately mobilize our best personnel and begin the investigation."

Zhang Yinghao nodded and said, "Investigate thoroughly and then take down everyone at once. Don't make any rash moves. Also, we need to develop a press and publication regulation. Books, newspapers, magazines, and so on, all require publishing rights and a certain deposit. We need to raise the bar appropriately, otherwise everything will be in chaos."

“What margin do you think is appropriate?”

"I just want to make a suggestion. You guys should do some further research. The starting price for retail is 1,000 yuan, and for businesses it's 100,000 yuan. If necessary, we can increase it later."

Now is not the era of self-media, Zhang Yinghao must improve the conditions, otherwise all kinds of monsters will enter this market, and Zhang Yinghao really can't stand it.

"Okay. Mr. Chairman, what do you think of this case?"

What did Zhang Yinghao think? It was a matter of mutual consent, so what could he think? You have to know that the Qing Dynasty had not yet banned having three wives and four concubines. He was unwilling to give a concubine the status of a concubine. Wei Zhaowen slept with her for such a long time without giving her a status. He was really an asshole.

"Hmph, what can I say? What do you think is the root of the problem here?"

Seeing that no one spoke, Zhang Yinghao continued, "There are quite a few men here. What's your reaction to this? Do you just laugh it off? Or do you sympathize or despise it? These emotions are unimportant. This is actually an issue of gender equality, and the root cause is economic. Gender equality doesn't just mean we enact equality in the law and then it becomes equal..."

A female comrade from the Women's Federation said angrily: "Chairman, I think this issue is actually a legal issue."

"Oh, please tell me what you think."

"Wei Zhaowen used marriage as an excuse to defraud the woman of her body, which is itself a crime of fraud. He used marriage as an excuse to make the woman willingly follow him, but ultimately he didn't fulfill his promise of marriage. This is a fraud."

Zhang Yinghao was overwhelmed by what he heard. If this kind of thing were to be handled unreasonably, it would be a matter of each person having their own reasons. Zhang Yinghao didn't study law, so he couldn't say for sure whether it was a scam or not. However, this incident didn't happen in the Liberated Area, and Zhang Yinghao himself hadn't paid much attention to it. So after thinking about it, he said, "It's hard for me to judge this. Everyone has their own limitations. Things that are completely banned in this era may be completely open in the next era. And even if it's really a scam, it's not my place to make a judgment or give an order. In our Liberated Area, if something like this happens, the People's Congress will make the law and the court will enforce the punishment."

"Chairman, you are trying to smooth things over!"

Seeing the woman's determined look, Zhang Yinghao frowned and said, "Fraud refers to the act of defrauding a large amount of public or private property with the purpose of illegal possession. In other words, one party benefits financially. We believe in gender equality. A wife is not her husband's property, and women cannot be measured by money. Adult women should also be responsible for their own actions. If a scumbag uses marriage as a means to defraud a woman of her money, she can seek legal recourse..."

For Zhang Yinghao, what if there's no financial loss involved in sex? This presents a minor dilemma. They were living together consensually, and without any written documents, so Wei Zhaowen couldn't be accused of fraud. Of course, if he'd cheated them out of money, that was another matter. If this precedent were set, would they still be boyfriends and girlfriends? It's a bit of a dilemma. After separation, a woman could sue a man for fraud. How could that be allowed? Of course, if Wei Zhaowen claimed to have solicited prostitution, he could be fined in the liberated areas.

So this matter involves nothing more than personal attack, and it's a case-by-case analysis. Compensation should be paid accordingly. Although the woman is usually the injured party in such situations, Zhang Yinghao naturally wouldn't take sides out of sympathy, as that would only bring trouble upon himself. In the 21st century, even couples who live together for ten or eight years without a marriage certificate, let alone six months, still end up separating. This is simply a rare occurrence.

Ultimately, this all boils down to gender inequality. If men and women were equal, these matters would be personal matters, with each person responsible for their own actions. Therefore, Zhang Yinghao certainly couldn't deflect the issue by addressing the newspaper, becoming the embodiment of justice and handling this case.

"We won't discuss the case itself. Today we're mainly discussing the issue of press and publication regulations. We must regulate the cultural market from now on."

After that, Zhang Yinghao told everyone about the large amount of information he had collected about foreign invasions of China using public opinion and bribery, and focused on organizations like the Japanese Black Dragon Society.

Zhang Yinghao has never let down his guard against Japan. Ever since he was assassinated in Sichuan last time, he knew that Japan was still his biggest enemy. Why? Because the Japanese are also yellow people, they have a natural advantage in invading China. Moreover, Japan really wants to follow the path of the Qing Dynasty to occupy China, starting from the Northeast, and attempting to swallow up the whole of China. Although Japan has been driven out of the Northeast by the People's Liberation Army, it does not mean that Japan has given up its attempt to march into the mainland. After all, Korea is now in their hands, and the mainland policy will definitely continue to be implemented.

Thanks to the time traveler Zhang Yinghao, a lot of information does not need to be discovered, but only needs to be verified, so a lot of information about Japan is available.

"Comrades, the imperialist powers are intent on invading China and will not rest. When armed aggression fails, they will inevitably resort to cultural aggression, attempting to disintegrate or divide us from within. Western powers have strong economic strength, have colonized the world, and dominate global discourse, giving them a natural advantage. Therefore, it is absolutely necessary to control domestic public opinion and prevent certain reports from spreading freely in China."

"These Western powers are wealthy, and through the various channels they control, they cultivate groups and individuals close to their countries, including overseas students, Chinese bureaucrats, comprador merchants, factory owners, and even military officers. These are all their targets. Unscrupulous intellectuals with considerable influence are also their primary targets of support. After all, illiteracy rates are alarmingly high throughout China, creating a natural breeding ground for these unscrupulous intellectuals. Through funding and other means, they allow these unscrupulous intellectuals to promote certain ideas of these powers, undermining Chinese culture and beliefs, provoking contradictions and opposition in Chinese society, and weakening China's resistance. This is also to prepare for the cultivation of a large number of "leaders" (traitors)."

"In China today, there are many organizations and groups like the Black Dragon Society. Some people are forced into it in order to overthrow the Qing Dynasty, or are deceived by the superficial power of the great powers. Some have completely become traitors and intellectuals, working for foreigners. This is a contest between countries and nations, so we must be prepared for a long and arduous struggle, which may not be resolved for decades or even hundreds of years. In short, there will be no final result until one side is completely defeated. Therefore, the current situation in newspapers highlights our lack of supervision of academia and newspapers and media."

"It's better to discover these problems early than late. Early discovery leads to early resolution. None of us can predict the future, so we can only identify and resolve problems. There's a saying that those who are loyal are often butchers, while those who are unfaithful are often scholars. We believe that the vast majority of scholars are sensible and have national integrity, but there are always some black sheep, and we must guard against these people.

We must also strengthen supervision of schools, especially universities, to identify and expel any incompetent teachers or enemy agents who have infiltrated our ranks. We must also strengthen ideological guidance for students and cultivate their independent and healthy personalities. Furthermore, we must continue to expand the number of government officials teaching in schools to retain some of the best students. This will be a task we will continue to undertake for quite some time.

When Japan invaded China in later generations, how could there be so many traitors without extensive prior preparation? The Japanese's understanding of China even exceeds that of most Chinese people's understanding of themselves. It has to be said that this is a great tragedy.

It's a pity that after Japan surrendered, when the Japanese war criminals were tried, not only did the Japanese emperor, the leader of the invasion of China, escape, but even the military staff and a large number of officers escaped. As for those civilian officials who deliberately planned to invade China, they were almost all ignored. In fact, the military that invaded China was only a part of it. The truth is that the whole of Japan was dreaming of invading China, but in different ways. In fact, the harm caused by civilian officials was even greater than that of the military. Only a few military officials were sent to the gallows. Moreover, most of them were related to the invasion of the Soviet Union and the United States, and China was automatically ignored. In the end, most of them had a good end. It is really that the Chinese are too kind.

"Chairman, I will now draft a set of regulations for press and publication management to regulate the cultural market."

"Well, it has to be fast, and it has to be operable and of good quality." "Yes."

"Also, the Propaganda Department must do its part and step up efforts to guide young people in China. We are not trying to cover up problems, nor are we trying to fool the people. However, we must prevent other forces from turning around and fooling the people. This is our responsibility. We are currently facing a transformation unseen in three thousand years. China is at a crossroads, in a special period of drastic change. Therefore, we must provide correct ideological guidance. A country with confused thoughts will not have good results.

If you follow the highest standards, you will achieve the middle; if you follow the middle standards, you will achieve the lower standards; if you follow the lower standards, you will inevitably fail. We require every member of the Progressive Party to conduct themselves in accordance with the requirements of Party membership. Young people are the future of the country. If the youth are wise, the country will be wise; if the youth are strong, the country will be strong. Therefore, we must prevent young people who are inexperienced from being lured into the hands of hostile forces. No matter which position we do not occupy, the enemy will occupy it.

If you look at the current situation, you will know that if China cannot wake up, then we will really face the crisis of national extinction.

Zhang Yinghao knew that China would not perish. In a time when national consciousness was awakening and nationalism was rampant, these things needed to be vigorously promoted. With the emergence of the imagined community of nation, the distinction between friend and foe naturally emerged. So, as these things were promoted, enemies naturally emerged.

Zhang Yinghao likes a line from Kong Shangren's "Peach Blossom Fan": "I watched him build his red mansion, I watched him entertain guests, and I watched his mansion collapse." Zhang Yinghao likes this line because it is viewed from the perspective of historical materialism. Only from the perspective of time can one appreciate its true power.

In Zhang Yinghao's view, whether in past lives or present, communism is humanity's highest aspiration. Is there a higher social form than communism? Some might say it's the Great Harmony Society, but it's important to understand that the Great Harmony Society is a completely imagined society, while communism is a scientifically derived one. Marx devoted extensive writing to refuting those pseudo-communist societies. Now that the wrong path has been taken, what remains is the right path, isn't it?

Moreover, Zhang Yinghao knew that colonialism was a wrong path, so as long as his own path was the right one, surpassing them was inevitable. So, these countries were now seemingly flourishing, but in reality, they were simmering in a scorching heat. All Zhang Yinghao wanted was to watch them build tall buildings, entertain their guests, and finally, watch their buildings collapse. What Zhang Yinghao wanted was for his comrades to have complete confidence that time was on his side, and that China would ultimately surpass other countries.

After resolving the propaganda issues, Zhang Yinghao returned to the Epidemic Prevention Committee to listen to the report and deliver a speech. In fact, the plague problem isn't limited to Vladivostok. When the People's Liberation Army liberated Mongolia, Yunnan, Guizhou, Guangxi, and other regions, various infectious diseases already existed in these areas, and plague has never been completely eradicated from the Chinese mainland. And even with the previous floods, while flood control and disaster relief efforts were ultimately successful in the liberated areas, numerous cases of the disease continued to emerge in many areas.

As industrialization progresses, urban populations will inevitably increase dramatically, leading to the rapid outbreak of various infectious diseases. If we fail to study and prevent them now, the consequences will be staggering. Infectious diseases are not something Zhang Yinghao can solve alone, nor can they be resolved in the short term. We must rely on medical experts and the medical community.

Infectious diseases still rely primarily on prevention. Although Zhang Yinghao invented penicillin ahead of time, it is not yet industrially produced. Furthermore, Zhang Yinghao is still relatively weak, and his inventions may be difficult to preserve. Therefore, many of his research treasures are still kept secret.

"What the Chairman said is that we must deal with it as soon as possible. The population in the city is growing rapidly, but many urban planning is very backward.

The urban environment is not good at all, and this cannot guarantee that there will be no epidemic. Therefore, it is very necessary to establish a health and epidemic prevention system. As soon as there are signs, we must

Timely notification and timely measures will be taken to control epidemic and infectious diseases in their infancy."

Zhang Yinghao nodded after hearing this. This era is actually the happiest for researchers. There's no fear of a lack of research topics. Furthermore, these research topics are incredibly impactful. Therefore, even if the colleagues at the research institute Zhang Yinghao founded work 24 hours a day, they still have endless research topics.

Large-scale urbanization does bring about various problems, and epidemic diseases are a headache. Infectious diseases such as typhoid, diphtheria, cholera, plague, schistosomiasis, etc., which were almost extinct in the previous life, are still rampant in this era. Zhang Yinghao has never heard of many diseases, but a large number of Chinese people have died from infected diseases.

This is also one of the drawbacks of concentrated populations. Before the Industrial Revolution, few European cities had a population of more than 100,000. The reason was the low level of medical care. Once the population gathered too much, epidemics would spread. In contrast, in history, China had large cities with a population of millions, and Traditional Chinese Medicine played a major role in this.

"Comrades, in addition to epidemic prevention work, we have another task for you. Yunnan has been known as the land of miasma since ancient times, so the natural environment is certainly not very good. Furthermore, our border regions, as our military prepares to strengthen control over them, will inevitably require us to enter these humid and hot miasma-ridden regions. Medical care must also keep up! If medical care doesn't keep up, it will cause serious problems."

After Zhang Yinghao finished speaking, he smiled wryly and said, "Comrades, any of these things would keep us busy for a while, but given the current situation, with both internal and external difficulties, we can only ask everyone to work hard. Comrades, you need manpower and funds, and we can only do our best to provide them for you. I think everyone knows the conditions by now! I can only say to everyone, thank you for your hard work."

The comrades attending the meeting also felt that the burden on their shoulders was very heavy, as it concerned the life safety of millions of people, and there must be absolutely no slackness.

The tasks were assigned one by one, but for Zhang Yinghao, none of them were as important as building the railway. Coming into this era, Zhang Yinghao became more and more integrated into it.

In my previous life, when I was studying the history of the People's Republic of China, I came across this passage: In the early days of the People's Republic of China, Mao Zedong said with emotion: "What can we make now? We can make tables and chairs, tea bowls and teapots... But we can't make a car, a plane, a tank, or even a tractor."

Zhang Yinghao, in this era, felt this statement particularly deeply. He could make anything he could, sell it, and then buy what he needed. Why couldn't iron smelting furnaces now, like the great powers of history, gradually achieve industrialization? It was because the cost of iron produced in these furnaces was too high, far exceeding the cost of steel shipped from far away.

This is also why the saying "it's better to buy than to build, and it's better to rent than to buy" emerged. New China was very poor after its liberation, so poor that many people couldn't get enough food, and in many places, food was completely unavailable. People even starved to death in the 1950s and 1960s, and food coupons were not abolished until 1993. No historical event should be viewed in isolation, nor should it be criticized from a vantage point, with the benefit of hindsight.

"Building is not as good as buying, buying is not as good as renting"—the original words of Liu Shaoqi were: "Building is not as good as buying ships, buying is not as good as renting ships." The historical context at the time was that my country had just been founded and was extremely poor. Industry, transportation, construction, and other sectors needed to be redeveloped, but the country was short of money. If it built ships from scratch, shipping might not develop for more than a decade, or even decades. Therefore, Liu Shaoqi proposed to solve the shipping problem by buying or renting ships first, and then build ships when the money and conditions were met.

This policy is fundamentally different from the current belief that many people only buy without building. Later, for political reasons, Liu was criticized and dismissed. Some people took this sentence out of context and used it as evidence to accuse him of being "ultra-right" and "capitalist roader". The political reasons for this are beyond the scope of this article.

Any leader, under the prevailing circumstances, would have prioritized economic development and ensuring people had enough to eat. Past leaders didn't say they wouldn't build anything just because they could buy it. They insisted on building things critical to national security, no matter how challenging they were. Investment in the nuclear, defense, and aerospace industries has never ceased. Projects that were initially canceled were often a result of comparing them with more pressing priorities, such as livelihoods and education. For example, the large aircraft project—there was no other choice; poverty meant they had to abandon some of it.

Some projects require the entire nation to tighten its belts in pursuit of them, some projects require no sacrifice of national hunger, and some projects cannot be completed even if the belts are strangled to death. Many of the projects that have been canceled have already opened up a significant generation gap with foreign technology, such as the lithography machine mentioned in the comments. Initially, we felt the gap wasn't particularly large, so we continued to develop it. But then, foreign countries suddenly upgraded, and we were still working on the original technology. Ultimately, the gap widened. In technology, once a generation gap forms, no amount of investment will recoup the investment, so the project was canceled.

If a country's leaders see 5G commercially available in China, will they continue to invest in 3G and 4G research? Wouldn't it be better to simply bid for Chinese companies to develop 5G?

Of course, we must admit that this inevitably contains some historical limitations. At that time, no one could have predicted that decades later, Chinese technology companies would be strangled by the United States with chips, and the country would need to spend hundreds of billions or even trillions of dollars every year to purchase chips.

Chapter 705: Second update! Big chapter!!

Another point is the talent issue. In the past, China was full of college students. That was the result of the development of economy and education. In the early days of the founding of the People's Republic of China, the illiteracy rate reached over 80%, and it was not until 2,000 years later that nine-year compulsory education was popularized. How could there be 985 and 211 universities everywhere in this era? How could China's technology tree be lit up all at once by just a few patriotic returnees? Developing operating systems and chips are taken for granted in hindsight, as all the conditions are in place. But at the beginning, it was difficult to even recruit programmers.

With the development of the economy and the output of talents through investment in education, my country's production has laid the foundation for the transformation from low-value-added labor-intensive to high-value-added technology-intensive, and has also led to its subsequent rapid development in the 21st century.

China's comprehensive industrial system is indeed thanks to the decisions made by Emperor Taizu. Back then, people tightened their belts to build heavy industry and dedicated themselves to developing the two bombs and one satellite. But it was still a process of building something from scratch. By the early days of reform and opening up, most of our industrial products were outdated, and the country was short of money. Foreign technology and equipment were already generations behind domestic ones. Building new equipment lacked startup capital, the cycle was long, and there was a lack of technical reserves. How to catch up with the world's advanced technology quickly and with less money became a major challenge for that generation of leaders. They proposed the idea of ​​"it's better to buy than to make, and it's better to rent than to buy." They rented a large amount of what they didn't have for as little money as possible, using what they could use, learning what they could learn, and copying what they could. Development would then become easier.

It's better to buy than to build, and it's better to rent than to buy. This saying was true before the 1990s. If China hadn't taken advantage of the collapse of the Soviet Union to buy so many Soviet-made aircraft, there wouldn't be the J-11 and Hongqi missiles in China. If China hadn't bought the Varyag from Ukraine, there wouldn't be the Liaoning, let alone the domestically developed Shandong.

In the 21st century, China's economy experienced a rapid growth, and its foreign exchange reserves exploded. This imperative necessitated the upgrading of its manufacturing sector, and the drawbacks of the "buying is worse than making, and renting is worse than buying" policy became apparent. While this was originally a normal national policy discussion, some have exploited it to vilify those who had previously contributed to China's economic development: "Look, since 'buying is worse than making, and renting is worse than buying' is wrong, then the person who proposed it must be guilty." They completely disregard the utter lack of funds and technology during the early years of the People's Republic of China and the economic boom of the 80s, and are simply exaggerating matters.

The market plays a decisive role in resource allocation. Building a shipyard requires extensive technology and capital. Buying a ship is much simpler, while leasing is relatively more convenient and flexible. Companies in the market are guided by maximizing profits. Advanced countries wield the insurmountable power of intellectual property as a powerful weapon, monopolizing the latest technologies and establishing industrial advantages. China's manufacturing industry is increasingly sophisticated, and the government's industrial planning focuses on areas currently in need of breakthroughs, rather than achieving comprehensive results. Faced with unavoidable technological blockades and patents, purchasing is the only option. With rising labor costs, simply copying products is becoming less and less competitive.

Therefore, relying on the idea that building is worse than buying or buying is worse than renting is naturally short-sighted and foolish. While building is worse than buying or buying is worse than renting from a profit perspective, this approach has a hidden danger: autonomy is lost.

If you rent a property and your business picks up, you'll likely face threats from your landlord, such as a significant rent increase, or they'll use a stranglehold to stop renting to you. The same is true if you frequently buy products to run your business. Once your business picks up, the seller will demand more money, or even demand you cede the market. If you refuse, the seller will inevitably use stranglehold tactics, refusing to sell you products until you're out of business, and then they can easily take over the entire market you've worked so hard to build.

In other areas, Japan and France blocked China's high-speed rail technology, but China's high-speed rail technology has become the world's leading technology; the United States blocked China's fourth-generation aircraft technology, but China developed the world's only canard supersonic cruise stealth fighter; the United States blocked China's physical vibration test platform, but China's physical vibration test platform achieved a reverse blockade of the United States.

Even earlier, the international community desperately tried to block China's nuclear weapons technology, but China ended up developing the best-configured hydrogen bomb and the fastest-developed atomic bomb. The international community also blocked China's nuclear submarine technology, but despite being extremely poor, China miraculously developed a strategic nuclear submarine, which it still uses today! What a miracle!

Why does Zhang Yinghao like to watch him build his mansion, watch him entertain guests, and watch his mansion collapse? It's because he needs to view problems from a developmental perspective. Things change over time. The key is to focus on your own development and progress, not on the mistakes or backwardness of others. Only when you are constantly improving yourself can you observe things with a calm eye, undeceived by appearances.

Therefore, Zhang Yinghao believes that building a ship is not as good as buying a ship, and buying a ship is not as good as renting a ship. If you don't even have a shipyard or have no knowledge of building ships and warships, thinking about building a ship yourself is just a foolish dream.

For anything, you must first understand it thoroughly. You must get close to it, get familiar with it, and study it. Then, in the end, you can choose whether to build, buy, or rent it.

Zhang Yinghao currently faces a shortage of personnel skilled in designing new machinery and equipment. This is a relatively new field for China today. Without the 156 projects assisted by the Soviet Union, China's industrialization would have been a much more difficult undertaking. And how many workers did these over 150 projects train for the country? Their value is immeasurable.

Why was Japan able to recover so quickly economically? Why did Northeast China become a heavy industrial base? It was because of its vast workforce. These workers were the most valuable asset. Machinery and equipment could be replaced if lost, or even manufactured in-house. However, training qualified technical workers takes a considerable amount of time, and the training cycle is the longest. Without this time, there simply wouldn't be a large pool of qualified technical workers.

Therefore, when the three towns of Wuhan were liberated, one of Zhang Yinghao's instructions was to protect the factory workers. Even if the enemy blew up those factories, as long as the workers were still there, new factories could be quickly built. Therefore, it is no exaggeration to say that the Soviet Union's series of projects helped China's economic development and laid the foundation for the industrial foundation of the new China.

Therefore, Taizu was very aware of China's actual situation and said that at present, only tables, chairs, tea bowls and teapots could be made. When the Changchun Automobile Manufacturing Plant produced its first car, it was of great significance because it showed that the workers who made the car had already understood what a car was.

So after having the foundation, Taizu later instructed during his inspection of Shanghai: Shanghai has a good industrial foundation and can build airplanes! Why? It is because we have the foundation, so we can take the initiative to take on more challenges, make more progress through challenges, and make more innovations.

Tao begets one, one begets two, two begets three, and three begets all things. That is, going from zero to one, one to two, and two to three is actually very difficult, a process of quantitative change. But once qualitative change is achieved, it will transform rapidly, and three begets all things.

So Zhang Yinghao now knew exactly what he needed to do: to desperately push through the stages of going from zero to one, one to two, and two to three. That's why Zhang Yinghao now said that building the railway was the top priority, because it would generate a massive demand before and after the railway's construction. And with demand, as Engels said, society—once it has technological needs—will advance science more effectively than ten universities.

Therefore, once a certain foundation is established, it's definitely better to research and manufacture in-house. But why is it that iron furnaces can no longer be used to industrialize? It's because developed industrial nations have an incomparable inherent advantage over those that haven't. Especially since the Third Industrial Revolution, science and technology, productivity, and thought have experienced unprecedented development, and thought has been greatly liberated. China was truly blessed to have caught the last train.

For Zhang Yinghao now, without Soviet aid, he only had one option: buy or rent. Are there any other options? None. Since he couldn't design anything, he couldn't build anything either. He could only slowly develop.

Governing a large country is like cooking a small fish; there's no room for haste. Haste inevitably spoils the dish. Therefore, claims like "running into communism," the Great Leap Forward, and "fast, good, and economical" are ultimately futile. All Zhang Yinghao needs to do now is diligently lay a solid foundation. He'll be perfectly content if he can make steady progress in small steps.

So as long as you seek truth from facts and avoid empty talk, time will definitely be on your side. Just like those fund managers say, make friends with time.

Zhang Yinghao thought of the Great Steelmaking Movement and the Great Leap Forward in his previous life, which ultimately resulted in three years of natural disasters. Could this really be true? Such events had occurred many times in ancient times. After the construction of the Zhengguo Canal, Qin had a vast amount of uncultivated arable land. Emperor Ying Zheng devised a plan: to use copper and iron trade to lure people from the six states to Qin, thereby weakening their power. So, Emperor Ying Zheng sent Senior Minister Yao Jia to Linzi to persuade the King of Qi to prevent copper and iron from entering Zhao through Qi. He also sent Wang Jian to confront Zhao, causing prices to soar. Seeing the profit, the people of the Three Jins engaged in private copper and iron casting, leaving farmland barred and the people struggling. Han Fei advised the King of Han against abandoning agriculture and promoting private casting, but the King and his prime minister disagreed. Later, King Ying Zheng ordered the Qin army led by Wang Jian to withdraw from Zhao. Prices plummeted again, leaving the people unable to sell their refined copper and iron, leaving them bankrupt and refugees, ultimately being resettled in Qin. Is there any difference between the nationwide steelmaking movement and the South Korean case of widespread illegal copper and iron casting, which led to the abandonment of farmland and the people's suffering?

Why is the Soviet Union the teacher of New China? It is because the Soviet Union demonstrated all the wrong paths to China. Even after the Soviet Union's death, it was still China's cadaver teacher. It is really great!

"How's your preparation for the civil service exam going?"

After the Qing Dynasty's futility-struggling reforms and the abolition of the imperial examination system last year, scholars everywhere were deeply disappointed with the Qing. Zhang Yinghao knew that the more the Qing Dynasty acted, the more it would suicidal itself. Naturally, the faster it would implode. Meanwhile, Zhang Yinghao had begun conducting civil service examinations in the liberated areas. The recommendation system, which promoted outstanding Party members and cadres, was too limited, and the number of candidates was too small to meet the personnel needs of the liberated areas.

"Chairman, the comrades from the Organization Department and the Human Resources Department have compiled the exam questions according to your instructions. They are divided into Papers A and B. Here are the printed papers."

After saying that, the secretary handed a test paper to Zhang Yinghao.

This was the first civil service examination in the liberated areas. It had been publicized for more than half a year, the examination outline had been announced to the public long ago, and a lot of related reference books had been sold. The examination would no longer consist of eight-legged essays, but would instead consist of an administrative ability test and an essay + a professional test (for certain positions), followed by an interview at the end.

Zhang Yinghao naturally attaches great importance to this.

Zhang Yinghao took the test paper and began to read it. The content was still very simple at this point, with many general knowledge questions and a number of judgment questions: How many continents are there on Earth, and what are their names? How many planets are there in the solar system? What is the difference between a star and a planet? Why do oceans have tides? Why does the moon wax and wane? Are earthquakes caused by earth dragons turning over? What causes earthquakes?

Anyone who has even briefly read the textbooks compiled by the Progress Party can answer these questions. While these are common sense questions, they are still very helpful in forming the worldview of people in this era.

There are also questions like what is the difference between early rice, mid-season rice and late rice? When are they planted and harvested - usually in which month? What is the main reason why "oranges grown in the south of the Huai River are oranges, while oranges grown in the north of the Huai River are tangerines"?

China is a unified multi-ethnic country with Han, Tibetan, Mongolian, Manchu, Hui and other ethnic groups, collectively known as the Chinese nation.