The end of the Ming Dynasty swept the world

Chapter 810 Restriction of Sovereign Power
"Zhu Yuanzhang is also considered a hero, claiming to be the most righteous country, but what did he do after the founding of the country?" Ding Yi said indifferently: "How many heroes of the founding of the country have been killed."

Shang Kexi, Yan Xiong and the others broke out in cold sweat.

Wang Duo and the others trembled even more and did not dare to hum.

Ding Yi said again: "The king is high above, and tens of thousands of people can be killed with one order."

"That's why the courtiers often say that being with the king is like being with a tiger. When you meet a fatuous king, everyone trembles every day."

"To be honest, I really like this kind of power." Ding Yi was a little distracted when he said this.

He will never forget the feeling of being dragged by the officials to sit on the imperial couch for the first time.

I will never forget the joy of sitting on the dragon chair yesterday, and tens of thousands of people shouted long live.

Obviously sitting on pins and needles, but don't want to give it up to others, this is the temptation of power.

Ding Yi's expression became complicated, and his tone became heavy and powerful: "Power is easy to make people addicted, but I understand better that if we want the country to last forever, and the monarch and ministers are united, we must limit the power of the king."

As soon as this statement came out, there was an uproar in the audience, and everyone in the hall was stunned.

Especially the former ministers of the Ming Dynasty couldn't believe it.

It was only the second day after Ding Yi ascended the throne, he actually said such words.

"Restricting the king's power, the courtiers don't have to worry. The foolish kings find reasons to kill them, which ensures the safety of the courtiers."

"The courtiers are safe, and they don't have to think about it, they can concentrate on court affairs."

"Those ambitious generals, seeing that being an emperor has no power, naturally don't want to be an emperor, and the royal family also becomes safer."

"So I think that restricting royal power is a good thing for the royal family, for me, for the courtiers, and for the people of the world."

After Ding Yi finished speaking, the scene was quiet, and everyone was shocked by Ding Yi's words.

It was Zhang Shenyan, the censor of Zuodu, who was the first to react.

With a splash, he knelt directly on the ground, almost crying with tears of joy: "The emperor's sage is like Yao, Shun and Yu Tang, the fortune of the world, the fortune of all officials, and the fortune of all people."

Then Wang Duo and the others also knelt down one after another, and the group was overjoyed.

In fact, in the Ming Dynasty, the ministers were competing with the emperor for power. The ministers of the Ming Dynasty wished that the emperor would do nothing and have fun every day, and give them all the power.

Now Ding Yi took the initiative to say that he would give up power, which excited them.

The civil and military personnel of Xu Dabao in Dongjiang Town also knelt down one after another, but they knew Mr. Ding too well, so they might not be giving up power as imagined.

"You guys get up." Ding Yi asked them to get up first, and then continued: "In order to limit the power of the monarch, I decided."

"Expand the cabinet, with a total of 22 cabinet members."

"..." Wang Duo and the others, who were so excited just now, flushed as if they had been slapped on the face.

This, this, what the hell is this?

Cabinet ministers changed to 22 people?Is this limiting the power of the monarch, or limiting our power?
Ding Yi waved his hand at this moment, Zhong Xian took out a large pile of papers and divided them among the people present, each of them took a large pile of papers and wrote a lot of things.

Ding Yi established a new cabinet with 22 members.

There are: the chief assistant of the cabinet: Zhang Shenyan.

The second assistant of the cabinet and the minister of rites Wang Duo.

Chen Youfu, Minister of the Ministry of household affairs.

Ministry of War Shangshu Zhang Jinyan Department.

Zhang Xin, Minister of the Ministry of officials.

Ma Shiying, Shangshu of the Ministry of punishment.

Li Zhongyi, Shangshu of the Ministry of Industry.

Minister of Finance Nguyen Van Long.

Minister of Agriculture Du Ruhai.

Zhong Zhennu, Shangshu of the Ministry of Commerce.

Hong Anshu, Shangshu of the Ministry of Education and Propaganda.

Minister of Health Zhao Li.

Zhao Dashan, Minister of the Ministry of Urban Affairs.

Lu Daqi, Shangshu of the Ministry of Justice.

Minister of Energy Yao Xinhan.

Seinfeld, Secretary of the Ministry of Transport and Construction.

Shang Shu of the Ministry of Overseas Security is still gratifying.

Minister of Veterans Affairs Wei Jiye.

There is also Lu Chao, the commander of Jinyiwei.

Zheng Zhilong, chief officer of the Dagan Naval Command.

Zhang Jing, chief officer of the Dagan Army Command.

Song Yingxing, vice president of Daqian Royal University. (Principal is concurrently held by Ding Yi)
Ding Yi's people are better. They were divided into many departments when they were in Lushun and Dongjiang Town, but Wang Duo and Zhang Shenyan were dumbfounded.

Ding Yi explained a lot on the paper, and everyone was watching carefully.

First of all, each ministry has branches in every county, prefecture, and province.

Among them, the former Metropolitan Procuratorate was changed to the Ministry of Justice. In addition to supervising the country, it was also responsible for drafting new laws, enacting the laws of the Great Qian Dynasty, and building and managing prisons across the country. The responsibility of Dali Temple was also assigned to the Ministry of Justice.

The prison here is separated from the county government and directly under the jurisdiction of the Ministry of Justice, so as to prevent the local county government from taking people into prison privately.

But the Ministry of Justice has no power to arrest people, and the Ministry of Urban Affairs has the power to arrest people.

The Ministry of Urban Affairs is called the Urban Affairs Bureau in the local area. The responsibilities of the Urban Affairs Bureau include arresting the police in the past and urban management in the later generations, that is, household registration management, urban management, arrest of criminals, and now posting various court notices.

Zhao Dashan is equivalent to the chief of the urban management bureau and the police\minister of later generations.

The Ministry of Urban Affairs can arrest people, but they can't manage prisons. After arresting people, they can be sent to prisons after being interrogated and convicted by the local criminal bureau.

In this way, from arresting people, to interrogation, to detention, they are divided into three departments, and the supreme power of the county magistrate is completely broken down first.

The county magistrates in ancient times had great power, and the power of countless departments in later generations was concentrated in one body.

Ding Yi directly reduced the power of the county magistrate.

Anyone who has a capital offense must be reviewed and approved by the Ministry of Capital.

In fact, the Ministry of Rites has not changed much, but the Ministry of Households has changed a lot.

Because the Ministry of Finance is separated, this is based on the distinction between Ding Yi's agricultural tax and commercial tax.

The grain from the agricultural tax is managed and distributed by the Ministry of Households, and the silver from the commercial tax is managed and distributed by the Ministry of Finance.

At the same time, the Ministry of Households manages the construction of granaries across the country, the storage and hoarding of grain, the food consumption of national sergeants, officials, and the royal family.

The Ministry of Agriculture is responsible for the production and breeding of farmland, water conservancy, livestock, melons and fruits across the country.

Wang Duo and the others from the Ministry of Agriculture can understand that the functions of the Ministry of Commerce are not small.

Including the subsequent formulation and collection of commercial taxes, foreign trade, and even Ding Yi's future establishment of a bank and currency issuance, all are organized by the Ministry of Commerce.

The Ministry of Finance is responsible for all cash receipts and expenditures in the country.

The Ministry of Officials and the Ministry of War have not changed much. Ding Yi canceled the Mansion of the Five Armies of the Ming Dynasty, and only the Ministry of War is in charge.

But under the Ministry of War, the Army Command and the Navy Command have been added.

The chief military officers of the two headquarters, Zheng Zhilong and Zhang Jing, also entered the cabinet.

The Ministry of Energy manages national and overseas mineral resources, and it is also a large department that makes money. In addition, the salt industry and sugar are temporarily under the Ministry of Energy.

The Ministry of Communications and Construction also has a lot of work, the construction of domestic traffic roads, the construction of new post stations (because Chongzhen cut down post stations, Li Zicheng rebelled.) Ding Yi asked for the reconstruction of post stations and the construction of national roads in order to speed up the transmission of information. When there is a telegram, the staff at the post station will be transferred to the staff of the telegraph bureau.

In addition, the Ministry of Communications and Construction is responsible for shipyards across the country, as well as various local urban constructions.

Jin Yiwei is equivalent to the Intelligence Bureau, and is still in charge of domestic and foreign intelligence work, facing Ding Yi directly.

The Ministry of Overseas Security is responsible for overseas colonization and the management of colonies. Currently, only Jeju, Tai O, Luzon, and Annan are counted. The large personnel are not counted as overseas colonies. This department also has a separate army, the number of which is to be determined. (Ding Yi intends to build them like the East India Company, specializing in overseas wars and colonies to make money.)
The reason for the department of retired soldiers is that Ding Yi will shorten the service limit of soldiers to five years in the future.

After five years of retirement, this department will arrange the work and tasks after retirement.

Those who want to continue fighting can enter the overseas troops of the Ministry of Overseas Security and carry out overseas colonization.

This cabinet reorganization is very important, expanding from six ministries to more than a dozen ministries, separating many powers of the six ministries.

But as Ding Yi said, the monarchy will also be restricted a lot.

"I just read some memorials. Greetings, hello, some provincial officials, they play all the big things, and they have a sense of presence. It's like a vegetarian meal. Is it right for my salary?"

The ministers were silent.

Since ancient times, the officials below have been like this.

"In the future, any memorial will be distributed to any department."

"Each department resolves itself."

"For example, in the Ministry of Officials, the promotion, transfer, and handling of officials of the seventh rank and above are determined by the prefectures themselves; the promotion, transfer, and handling of officials of the fifth rank and above are determined by the provinces themselves; It is up to me to review and appoint."

Officials like to fight for power, mainly financial power and personnel power. Ding Yi first restricted his own personnel power, and the appointment of officials was decided by the local government and the bureaucracy itself.

He stated that in theory, the emperor is only responsible for appointing officials who are evaluated by the Ministry of Officials, and does not interfere. However, the emperor also has a veto system. If he feels that this person is not good, he can directly veto and have the right to nominate.

Only in this way, there will be a lot less affairs of the official department in the future, and Ding Yi will also lose a lot of personnel affairs.

Some officials must be very happy that the emperor has really limited his power.

In fact, Ding Yi still maintains the appointment and dismissal of the third-rank and above, and the commander-in-chief of each branch can only be appointed and dismissed by Ding Yi, and a large number of middle- and lower-level officers are directly appointed and dismissed by the commander-in-chief, and a small number of middle-level officers are appointed and dismissed by the Ministry of War.

Ding Yi controls the army's generals and middle- and lower-level officers, which is much more important than the civilian officials who control the bureaucracy.

At this time, Ruan Wenlong carefully raised his opinion: "Your Majesty, if this is the case, will the governors below be too powerful, and all officials will be appointed and promoted by them?"

This is to remind Ding Yi whether the big officials in the frontier will become an independent kingdom in the future.

"The local governors are changed every four years, and the prefects and county magistrates are changed every five years."

"The promotion of officials is not decided by them. Like me, they are responsible for the review. Officials must be jointly assessed by the Ministry of Justice, the Ministry of Urban Affairs, the Ministry of Education, the Ministry of Health, the Ministry of Construction, and the Ministry of Finance. promotion."

To put it simply, a county magistrate is assessed once a year, and the relevant state-level departments are responsible for the agricultural tax, commercial tax, number of students, medical facility construction and doctor staffing, county water conservancy, farmland, road construction, case handling, and financial affairs in the area under its jurisdiction. Income, and other aspects of assessment.

(End of this chapter)