Start sweeping the universe by rubbing the CPU with your hands.

Han Yang sighed silently in his heart, but did not ask about the current situation of the two civilizations.

His energy and computing power are still all focused on the development of human civilization itself.

After the previous major breakthrough, the space theory system has made great progress again. Countless scientists have worked day and night to perfect the flesh and blood of this framework from every corner and every inconspicuous corner, just like filling pixels on a huge canvas.

A single pixel grid seems insignificant, but countless pixels combined together can create a magnificent picture.

After thousands of years of accumulation, iteration and improvement, theoretical development once again encountered a bottleneck.

Countless formulas, countless conjectures and deductions, countless problems, finally come down to one question.

What would happen if we used unimaginably high energy levels to influence a limited area of ​​space?
Will it directly form a black hole due to the excessively high energy level, causing a physical tear in space, or will it connect the positive and negative universes, causing a certain degree of exchange of positive and negative matter, or will it trigger strange space shocks and destroy all existing matter in the surrounding area?

Based on different theoretical deductions, people have proposed hundreds of conjectures, but each conjecture is imperfect, lacks sufficient evidence, or the theoretical system is not rigorous enough to convince people.

At this point in the research on space theory, due to the backwardness of experimental level, theoretical research can no longer go further.

At the same time, Han Yang also realized that this was most likely the last bottleneck before human civilization could truly master space theory.

As long as this point is truly confirmed, and once it is confirmed "what will happen when ultra-high energy levels are applied to a confined space", the future direction of theoretical development will immediately become clear.

Obviously, this requires another large-scale experiment.

Compared with the three previous projects, namely the observation of the Canis Major dwarf galaxy, the particle collision at the edge of the Milky Way, and the Galaxy Telescope, the scale of this experiment may not be large - only a very small space is needed, but the demand for the project is no less than the previous three phased experiments.

The most critical point is that due to the limitation of energy conversion rate, in order to reach the standard energy level, nuclear fusion, quark fission, quark fusion, and quark fission-fusion dual reactions are all impossible to achieve.

There is only one way to reach this level of energy.

Annihilation of matter and antimatter.

Only in this way can enough energy be released in a sufficiently limited space and a sufficiently short time.

Theoretically, micro black holes can certainly do this. After all, micro black holes can also convert all mass into energy in a very short time. But it is obvious that humans cannot master the technology to preserve micro black holes.

In this case, large-scale production of antimatter becomes the only way.

The existence of antimatter was confirmed as early as the Earth era and has been used on a large scale.

In the Earth era, some medical devices use positrons - normal electrons are negatively charged, and positrons are a type of antimatter - to achieve an X-ray-like effect, which can be used to explore the patient's body.

Positrons can be found in the natural environment at any time. For example, bananas are a very good source of positron radiation.

Bananas can be enriched with potassium, and part of the potassium is potassium 40, which is a radioactive substance. It is unstable and has three decay modes, one of which is to decay into argon 40 by emitting a positron.

It is estimated that an average banana produces one positron every 75 minutes.

It seems that it is not difficult to prepare antimatter on a large scale. But in fact, until now, when humans have reached the peak of Level 5 civilization, they have not mastered the ability to prepare antimatter on a large scale.

This is of course because, firstly, there is no relevant demand, and secondly, it is indeed extremely difficult to prepare antimatter on a large scale.

The difficulty lies in the fact that, even at this stage of development, the only engineering-feasible preparation plan seems to be through a particle collider.

In addition, high-energy cosmic rays can also generate antimatter in the natural environment. However, Han Yang estimated that even if he built a giant net with a diameter of 0.5 kilometers, he could only capture grams of antimatter per year on average, which was obviously not enough.

Even a particle collider can only produce antimatter bit by bit, one particle at a time. On average, one gram of antimatter contains hundreds of billions of antiparticles. It is hard to imagine how difficult it is to produce enough antimatter in this way.

But no matter how difficult it is or how big the project is, we have to do it.

After space theory has developed to its current stage, and after the successive intergalactic voyages, kilogram-class black hole experiments, and galactic telescopes, human civilization has once again embarked on this massive project.

Han Yang selected a relatively safe star system with abundant matter and directly transformed this galaxy into a huge construction site.

Tens of trillions of robots and intelligent devices, more than tens of millions of unmanned intelligent spacecraft, tens of billions of human engineers and workers, and all relevant scientists are all involved in this project.

The first thing that needs to be done is the research and development of a new type of particle collider that is specifically used for antimatter production rather than scientific research.

After countless iterations, people finally developed a small proton-antiproton collider.

The principle of producing antiprotons is that through the collision of some protons and antiprotons, while the protons and antiprotons annihilate each other, their kinetic energy will excite many times more proton-antiproton pairs in the vacuum.

At that time, the proton-antiproton pairs will be separated through magnetic field manipulation, the antiprotons will be recovered, the protons will be discarded, and some of the antiprotons will be put into the experiment to continue the collision, while the other antiprotons will be enriched and collected, so that antiprotons can be produced continuously.

After being specially designed and optimized using a Level 1 peak-stage civilization, this small proton-antiproton collider can produce about 48 trillion antiprotons per experiment on average, which takes about half an hour. This means 1.75 trillion antiprotons per day, and about trillion antiprotons per year, with a total mass of about one ten-thousandth of a gram.

This small particle collider has a single unit length of about 20 meters, a diameter of less than one meter, and a total mass of only about 15 tons.

According to Han Yang's estimate, to successfully obtain complete data, at least 20 experiments with ultra-high energy levels exploding in a confined space are needed. Assuming that each experiment requires one ton of antimatter, plus unexpected losses, a total of 22 tons of antimatter, or 2200 million grams, is needed.

To this end, Han Yang set the number of small particle colliders at 1100 million, and the average annual antimatter output would reach grams. It would take about years to accumulate enough antimatter. This time may seem long, but compared to the Milky Way Telescope built in the previous stage, it is nothing.

Furthermore, this is already the maximum output after Han Yang has given his all, combined with the entire industrial power of human civilization.

Two hundred million small particle colliders seem to have a total mass of only 30 billion tons, which is almost the transportation capacity of a super-large aerospace carrier, and does not seem to be a lot.

But particle colliders are different from other things. They are too sophisticated and require too high a technical level. Both the manufacturing process and the operation process are extremely high, and they are simply not something that ordinary people, even ordinary experimenters, researchers, and scientists can handle.

What's more, particle colliders are energy intensive and have extremely high natural losses. For every 100 particle colliders, a large power station is needed to supply energy. 200 million colliders would require million large power stations.

Even if these pre-requisites are met, the enrichment, collection, storage, and transportation of antimatter will require enormous engineering effort. After all, this thing is not ordinary matter, and it will explode as soon as it comes into contact with ordinary matter.

Overall, Han Yang invested almost all of his computing power, plus the power of human civilization itself, and it was only just enough to meet manufacturing and operational needs.

Therefore, relying on hundreds of planets larger than this size in this star system, an "antiproton field" quickly developed in the vast interstellar space.

Small particle colliders are arranged one after another, like rows of wheat in a field, with countless complex pipes connecting different wheats.
Every few meters, there was a tall power station. On the reserved passages, countless small intelligent spacecraft and robots shuttled back and forth, like farmers working hard in the fields.

Two hundred million small particle colliders, plus reserved channels, power stations, etc., are arranged in a cubic shape.

The side length of this cube is about 1.4 kilometers, and it is divided into more than one thousand layers. On average, there are about 200 million small particle colliders neatly arranged in each layer.

At this moment, equipment debugging, energy supply, antimatter collection, transfer, transportation, and final storage have all been completed, and the exciting moment has finally arrived.

With an order from President Zhou Yunhai, the first experiment finally began.

Millions of large quark fission-fusion dual reaction power stations were ignited to supply energy, and energy continuously flowed into each particle collider, and the collision began.

Protons and antiprotons collide and annihilate each other in the vacuum environment of the collider. A large number of proton-antiproton pairs are born out of thin air. Afterwards, based on magnetic field manipulation technology, a large number of antiprotons are forcibly separated from protons and transported to the transfer station through special magnetic control pipes. From the transfer station, they are finally gathered at the temporary storage center next to the "antiproton field" through magnetic control pipes.

Half an hour passed in a flash. In the temporary storage center, two numbers kept jumping.

One of the numbers is in the unit of trillions, and it jumps and grows very quickly, reaching 200 million in a short period of time. This is the statistical data of the number of particles.

The other number, measured in grams, grew more slowly, jumping only to a few grams.

This means that this experiment produced a total of a few grams of antimatter.

Endless antiprotons gathered in the temporary storage center like a torrent, and then passed through the magnetron pipe and came to a place nearby.

This is where positrons are produced.

Compared with the antineutron, the mass of the positron is extremely low. Although one antineutron needs to be paired with a positron, overall, the absolute mass of the positron required is still very small and can be easily produced.

The antineutrons and positrons then combine to form the element hydrogen - of course, antihydrogen, not normal hydrogen.

Elemental hydrogen consists of only one proton and one electron, and does not require neutrons, which saves the trouble of preparing antineutrons.

Afterwards, the antihydrogen was solidified into a solid at low temperature, bounded by a magnetic field in a high vacuum environment, and stored in an environment where it could hardly come into contact with any positive matter.

Interestingly, even antihydrogen can be converted into energy through normal nuclear fusion. But obviously, human civilization will never do such a wasteful act.

After the initial attention passed, human society returned to peace and ordinary people continued their daily lives, but all those who had something to do with the scientific community were keeping a close eye on the situation of the antiproton field.

The antiproton field is just as people expected, like a fertile field, continuously growing antiprotons.

After about 50 years of operation of the antiproton field, enough antimatter, about one tonne, was finally collected for one experiment.

People's enthusiasm was ignited again, and countless eyes were once again focused on the experimental site.

Under Han Yang's personal control - the only way to ensure the elimination of accidents and mistakes, the one ton of antihydrogen that was perfectly stored was precisely divided into one million portions by the magnetic knife, one gram each.

Afterwards, each piece of antihydrogen was placed in a special metal sphere.

When stimulated by an external magnetic field, this metal sphere can form its own internal magnetic field, strictly isolating antihydrogen from itself.

There are a total of one million spheres, but the total volume is only about 1.5 cubic meters. Including the external magnetic field generation and control equipment, the total volume is only about 100 cubic meters, and the mass does not exceed 120 tons.

The 120 tons of mass were carefully transported by a special spacecraft to a place where there was no one within kilometers. Then, with an order from Zhou Yunhai, the strong magnetic field that bound the antihydrogen and prevented it from coming into contact with positive matter was instantly evacuated.

The moment the magnetic field was withdrawn, due to the internal pressure, this gram of antihydrogen immediately spread explosively in all directions and came into contact with the wall of the sphere in an instant.

One million spheres, a total of one ton of antihydrogen and one ton of positive matter came into full contact in an instant, followed by an extremely violent explosion.

Endless light and heat were generated instantly, as if a sun had appeared out of nowhere. The numerous observation devices deployed around the area were already in place, desperately collecting all the data from the reaction process. (End of this chapter)