The videos I watched became popular in ancient times

Jia Dao was a famous poet in the Tang Dynasty, known as the Poet Slave.

His representative work, "Failing to Find the Hermit", has become a poem familiar to primary and secondary school students across the country.

Jia Dao lived in poverty all his life and was known as a poet of hard work.

Most of his poems have a sense of desolation and loneliness, and he is as famous as another poet of the Tang Dynasty, Meng Jiao.

Looking back on Jia Dao's life, it can be described in one word: bitter.

Generally speaking, in a person's life, some people are bitter first and then happy, while others are happy first and then bitter.

But Jia Dao was an exception. He suffered from childhood to old age, from birth to death!

Jia Dao's hardships were also reflected on the road to the imperial examination.

In order to enter the official career and pursue fame, he was willing to leave the temple and return to secular life.

Despite his talent and passion, he ultimately ended up being unable to take the imperial examination for the rest of his life.

"In the 14th year of Emperor Daizong's Dali reign in the Tang Dynasty, Jia Dao was born into a poor family in Fanyang, Youzhou."

"Because his family was poor and it was difficult to make a living, he had to leave home when he was nine years old."

"After Jia Dao left home, in order to make a living, he went to a local temple in Fanyang and became a monk."

"However, Jia Dao still couldn't solve the problem of food and clothing in the temple."

"In 793 AD, he went to Mount Hengshan with his cousin Jia Qu to become a monk. His Buddhist name was Wuben."

"My cousin Jia Qu's Buddhist name is Wu Ke. The two of them have a deep brotherly love and are very close friends."

"During his time as a monk in Mount Heng, Jia Dao finally stopped worrying about food and clothing."

"So he followed the abbot of the temple and traveled around, preaching the scriptures and chanting the Dharma."

"The abbot of the temple took great care of the young Jia Dao, not only letting him recite scriptures and practice."

"It also taught him a lot of poetry and prose knowledge, which laid the foundation for his great achievements in poetry in the future."

"During his travels with the abbot of the temple, Jia Dao lived for a long time in the area around Luoyang Shilou and Zhongyue Songshan, the eastern capital of the Tang Dynasty."

"In the 17th year of Emperor Dezong of Tang's Zhenyuan reign, the 22-year-old Jia Dao came alone to Longmen, Luoyang, and became a monk at Xiangshan Temple."

"However, after arriving in Luoyang, the eastern capital, Jia Dao discovered that his freedom of entry and exit in Xiangshan Temple still needed to be restricted."

"In Luoyang at that time, monks were prohibited from leaving the temple in the afternoon. This was a nightmare for Jia Dao, who loved to go out and meet friends."

"So, in order to express his dissatisfaction with this regulation, Jia Dao immediately wrote a poem."

"A poet is a poet. Even his complaints are so flowery, implying that the monks in the temples are not as free as cows and sheep!"

"At this time, Han Yu had just passed the civil service examination in Chang'an and was living in Luoyang."

"Jia Dao had heard of Han Yu's great name a long time ago, so he took the initiative to present his poems to Han Yu."

"After reading Jia Dao's poems, Han Yu could not help but give a thumbs up and praise them repeatedly."

"Through this, the two got to know each other and even formed a teacher-student friendship."

"In November of that year, Jia Dao followed Han Yu to Chang'an and lived in the Qinglong Temple in Chang'an. In Chang'an, he met Zhang Ji, who had passed the imperial examination."

"After Jia Dao became a monk, his poems were mainly about hard work, and most of them were rather desolate and sad."

"In the 18th year of Emperor Dezong's Zhenyuan reign, Han Yu was appointed by the court as a doctor of four subjects in the Imperial Academy, and then he took leave and returned to Luoyang."

"Jia Dao returned with him to the Xiangshan Temple in Luoyang, and he also suggested that Jia Dao take the imperial examination."

"Jia Dao followed Han Yu's advice and soon left Xiangshan Temple and returned to the temples in his hometown of Fanyang."

"He was reciting scriptures and reading books at the same time, preparing for the imperial examination."

"In the autumn of the same year, Jia Dao went to Chang'an alone."

"I also brought a newly written poem, "On the way to Zhang Ji and Han Yu with a new article," for Han Yu and Zhang Ji to give me their comments."

"Under the introduction of Zhang Ji and Han Yu, Jia Dao met his idol Meng Jiao in Chang'an."

Su Shi: Jia Dao had a rough life, he tells you to control your hands and your mouth.

Birds roost in the trees beside the pond, monks knock on the door under the moon. This is a poem written by the poet Jia Dao.

Jia Dao had a rough life and wrote many poems during this period.

Jia Dao was born in Zhuozhou, Hebei Province. His family was poor. In order to make a living, he became a monk at a young age.

At that time, monks in the temple were forbidden to go out in the afternoon, but Jia Dao refused and wrote a poem like this: "Not as good as cattle and sheep, they can still return home at sunset."

He was unwilling to be a monk forever. He always wanted to be an official and had a dream of becoming an official.

In order to enter the officialdom, Jia Dao first came to Luoyang and planned to visit Meng Jiao.

Unfortunately, Meng Jiao was out at the time, so he visited Li Yi instead.

However, Li Yi did not help him, and he heard that Han Yu admired him very much.

So he went to Chang'an to visit Han Yu, but Han Yu happened to have gone to Luoyang at that time.

So the two missed each other again, and he visited Zhang Ji again, but Zhang Ji was not in a high position at the time and could not help him much.

So Jia Dao returned to Luoyang and finally met Han Yu.

With Han Yu's introduction, he met Meng Jiao.

He followed Han Yu's advice, returned to his hometown and became a layman, actively preparing for the exam.

In the autumn of the same year, Jia Dao went to Beijing to take the imperial examination, but unexpectedly failed. However, the trip to Chang'an allowed him to make many good friends.

Not long after Meng Jiao passed away, Jia Dao was deeply saddened, so he wrote "After the old friends paid their respects, the sun was setting in the cold sky."

After repeated failures in the imperial examinations, Jia Dao began to travel around to relax and visited many places. During this time, he did not forget to write poems to Yuan Zhen, Han Yu and others to seek employment.

Later, when he went to Chang'an to take the exam again, Jia Dao wrote again: "You orioles and crows always want to harm me."

As a result, he was named one of the top ten bullies in the examination room, expelled from Chang'an, and banned from taking examinations for the rest of his life.

Over the next ten years, Jia Dao traveled to Nanxi, Hangzhou, Jinzhou and other places.

He was either writing poetry with his poetry friends or seeking an official position, during which time he wrote many poems.

Later, he was demoted again and was sent to Changjiang County to serve as a minor clerk. Three years later, Jia Dao was transferred to Puzhou and served as a military officer.

Jia Dao spent almost his entire life trying to become an official, but every time he did so he wrote poems that made people feel very unhappy. His life was full of ups and downs.

Jia Dao wrote many poems throughout his life, and formed a school in the late Tang Dynasty, which had a great influence.

"Meng Jiao was 28 years older than Jia Dao. The two of them admired each other and felt sorry for not meeting each other earlier. They became close friends regardless of age difference."

"Meng Jiao spoke highly of Jia Dao's talent."

"Jia Dao's poems are enough to impress Meng Jiao and Han Yu. If the great poets Li Bai and Du Fu were still alive, they would surely be attracted by Jia Dao's talent."

"Once, Jia Dao went to Yuegui Temple outside Chang'an, wanting to visit a monk friend named Li Ning."

"It was already dark when he arrived at Yuegui Temple. He knocked on the door several times but received no response."

"Jia Dao thought that Li Ning might not be at home at this time."

"So I was inspired and wrote a poem on the door titled "Li Ning's Secluded Residence."

"This is a poem of great painstaking effort. The poem uses common sights such as idle houses, grass paths, deserted gardens, birds, big trees, wooden bridges, gates, and stones."

"But he wrote with a sense of tranquility. Perhaps only a monk with pure six senses can write with such artistic conception."

"Jia Dao felt a little disappointed because he didn't see his good friend Li Ning."

"On his way back, he kept thinking about the poem 'The monk pushes the door under the moon'."

"Is it better to use the word push or the word typing?"

"The next day, Jia Dao rode his donkey through Chang'an, still thinking about this question."

"He also kept making pushing and knocking gestures, and passers-by thought he was abnormal."

"Because he was too absorbed in the subject and didn't pay attention to where he was going, Jia Dao's donkey actually ran into Han Yu's guard of honor."

"He was suddenly awakened by the shouting of the yamen runners."

"Han Yu, the Jingzhao Yin, stepped out of the sedan chair and asked Jia Dao the reason."

"After listening to this, Han Yu immediately said that of course typing is better!"

"Han Yu was a leading figure in the literary world at the time, and his analysis was quite weighty, so Jia Dao readily accepted the suggestion."

"Not long after, Jia Dao returned to the temple in Fanyang and continued to study."

"In the fifth year of the Yuanhe reign of Emperor Xianzong of the Tang Dynasty, Jia Dao traveled to Luoyang and visited Li Yi, who was then the Shaoyin of Henan Prefecture."

"Afterwards, Jia Dao returned to his hometown in Fanyang and continued to study in the temple to prepare for the imperial examination."

"In the seventh year of Emperor Xianzong of Tang's Yuanhe reign, Jia Dao came to Chang'an to take part in the upcoming imperial examination."

"He had been preparing for this day for nine years, and even gave up his monkhood to return to secular life in order to take the imperial examination."

"Under Han Yu's care, Jia Dao temporarily lived in Yanshouli."

"I became a neighbor with my good friend Zhang Ji, and we often exchanged our reading experiences."

"However, despite Jia Dao's thorough preparation, he still failed the imperial examination, which made him feel very disappointed."

"In the ninth year of the Yuanhe reign of Emperor Xianzong of the Tang Dynasty, Meng Jiao, who had been frustrated all his life, died of a sudden illness in poverty."

"Han Yu was so grief-stricken that he even set up a mourning hall for Meng Jiao in his own home, which is enough to show the deep friendship between the two."

"In addition to Han Yu, Jia Dao was also saddened by Meng Jiao's death and wrote "Mourning Meng Jiao" to express his grief for Meng Jiao."

Xin Qiji: Jia Dao had a legendary life. He was poor and sad all his life, and his poems were desolate and lonely.

The Tang Empire spent a huge amount of manpower and material resources before it was able to barely put down the Anshi Rebellion.

It took eight years, the population dropped sharply, the entire Central Plains and even the north were in ruins, and it became the turning point of the Tang Dynasty's decline.

Sixteen years later, a baby was born in Fan Yang, the old nest of An Lushan, the culprit of the Anshi Rebellion.

Even though the Anshi Rebellion had been quelled, the area of ​​Fanyang was still very desolate.

The baby was born in a commoner's family, of humble origin and poor circumstances.

Some were forced to make ends meet, others had no way to serve their country and failed in the imperial examinations.

He actually became a monk, with the Buddhist name Wuben. But although Wuben became a monk, he was still in the world.

A monk who has left home to become a Buddhist monk not only has no Zen spirit, but is also very worldly.

The temple where Monk Wuben became a monk has a rule that prohibits monks from going out in the afternoon.

One day, Wuben felt bored staying in the temple, so he secretly went to visit a friend.

He walked along the mountain road for a long time before he arrived at his friend's house.

It was late at night, the moonlight was like water, and his gentle knock on the door startled the birds in the tree, but his friend was not at home.

With a sudden inspiration, Monk Wuben wrote a poem about his search for his friend.

After leaving the poem behind, Monk Wuben turned around and returned to the city.

On the way, he thought of the short poem he had just written, and always felt that the line "The monk pushes the door under the moon" was a little inappropriate.

As to whether to push or knock, he couldn't make up his mind for a moment.

In this way, Monk Wuben walked forward while thinking, and unknowingly entered the city.

At that time, Han Yu, who was serving as an official in the capital, passed by on the road, with a ceremonial guard in front and carriages and horses following behind.

Monk Wuben was thinking hard and didn't even know how to dodge, which almost caused a traffic accident.

Seeing that the monk was acting crazy and mumbling to himself, Han Yu could not help but ask.

Monk Wuben expressed his doubts. After hearing it, Han Yu not only did not blame him, but laughed out loud.

When Monk Wuben heard this, he was overjoyed and accepted the suggestion.

Instead of being punished for this reckless behavior, he became friends with Han Yu.

Under Han Yu's persuasion, Monk Wuben returned to secular life and resumed his original name Jia Dao.

Jia Dao was poor and sad throughout his life, and he worked hard to compose poetry. Most of his poems describe desolate and lonely scenes.

Jia Dao had a miserable life. He only had the opportunity to become an official in his twilight years. His life as a monk in his early years made him a cold, introverted but hardworking and serious person.

This can be seen in many of his poems.

Master Wu Ke was Jia Dao's cousin, and they both became monks together.

Jia Dao could not stand the loneliness and returned to secular life, but Wu Ke devoted himself to Buddhism.

After returning to secular life, Jia Dao was obsessed with imperial examinations, but he failed repeatedly.

His good friend Meng Jiao died suddenly of an acute illness in the ninth year of Yuanhe. People often use "Jiao is cold and Dao is thin" to describe Meng Jiao and Jia Dao.

Of course it has something to do with their poetic styles, but it’s also because they have been good friends for many years.

Meng Jiao's death was a great blow to Jia Dao, and Han Yu comforted him.

In the fourth year of Changqing, his soulmate Han Yu died of illness again, but Jia Dao was still a commoner at this time.

It was not until his twilight years that he was appointed as the chief clerk of Changjiang County, and he fell ill and died while serving in Puzhou.

"Han Yu believed that the poetic styles of Jia Dao and Meng Jiao were very similar."

"Jia Dao was sent by God to be the successor of Meng Jiao. His poetic style would not be cut off because of Meng Jiao's death."

"It is a pity that after Jia Dao retired from the Buddhist monkhood and returned to secular life, he was not able to pass the imperial examination like Meng Jiao did."

"He failed the next two imperial examinations and was unable to live up to Han Yu's high hopes for him."

"Since he failed the exams many times, it was a big blow to Jia Dao!"

"In the second year of Emperor Muzong of Tang's Changqing reign, Jia Dao readjusted his status and came to Chang'an again to take the imperial examination."

"However, he used the test paper as a tool to vent his inner dissatisfaction and wrote a poem "Sick Cicada" on the test paper."

"In this poem, Jia Dao compares himself to a sick cicada that cannot fly."

"He compared the court officials in charge of the imperial examination to a yellow bird trying to eat a sick cicada, and attributed his failure in the first three examinations to the incompetence of the court officials."

"At a time when literary inquisition was being severely cracked down on, Jia Dao still dared to publish this poem openly."

"It's obviously a bit redundant and will only bring unnecessary trouble to myself."

"Sure enough, the examiner believed that the poem 'Sick Cicada' was intended to satirize the court officials."

"Therefore, Jia Dao was listed as one of the ten evils in the imperial examinations and was banned from taking the imperial examinations for life. Ping Zeng and others were also listed as one of the ten evils in the imperial examinations."

"Han Yu was very sorry to learn that Jia Dao could no longer take the imperial examination."

"Nevertheless, with Jia Dao's special relationship with high-ranking officials such as Han Yu and Zhang Ji, plus his talent, it shouldn't be a problem for him to be a clerk or something like that!"

"In the second year of Emperor Wenzong of the Tang Dynasty, he was convicted of slandering others."

"Jia Dao was exiled to Changjiang County in Suizhou as a chief clerk. Due to the inconvenience of transportation, he did not arrive in Changjiang County until the end of October."

"The weather was getting colder, and soon after, Jia Dao received a cotton-padded jacket from the Prime Minister Linghu Chan."

"From this, we can see that the salary of the chief clerk of Changjiang County should be very low."

"It's not even enough to buy a winter cotton coat, otherwise Linghu Chao wouldn't have sent Jia Dao a warm cotton coat from so far away."

"After receiving the cotton-padded jacket sent by Linghu Tao, Jia Dao was extremely grateful and specially wrote a poem "Thank you Linghu Tao for the Nine Things You Have Given Me for the Clothes."

"In the fifth year of Emperor Wenzong's reign, Jia Dao completed his three-year term as the chief clerk of Changjiang County and was promoted to Puzhou as a military officer of the warehouse department."

"However, when Jia Dao arrived in Puzhou, the governor of Puzhou, Le Chan, planned to appoint him to the post of Jiu Cao."

"He immediately rejected it and wrote a poem called 'Let Jiu Cao Shangle Shijun' in response."

"Seeing Jia Dao's firm attitude, Le Chan had no choice but to give up and let him continue to serve as a military officer in the warehouse."

"During his time as a military officer in the warehouse, Jia Dao was highly regarded by Le Chan, who even asked him to write the inscription for the Purple Palace Stele."

"In the third year of Huichang reign of Emperor Wuzong of Tang, Jia Dao died in Puzhou as a military officer in the warehouse at the age of 64, thus ending his life of poverty and destitution."

Wang Anshi: Jia Dao was a poet who was half monk and half layman. He wrote poetry in poverty and sorrow throughout his life. His five-character poems have been passed down to this day.

Emperor Taizong of Tang, Li Shimin, established the imperial examination system of the Tang Dynasty on the basis of the imperial examination system of the Sui Dynasty. He vigorously promoted the imperial examination system and broke the aristocratic family system.

During the reign of Wu Zetian, the imperial examination system was further improved to select talents in an unconventional way.

Expanding the number of people admitted to the imperial examinations enabled more children from poor families, and even commoners of humble origins, to change their fate.

During the reign of Li Longji, the prime minister even dared to claim that there were no talented people left in the country.

All emperors of the Tang Dynasty attached great importance to the imperial examination, which had long been deeply rooted in the hearts of the people.

Jia Dao was a scholar who was very interested in worldly affairs. He took the imperial examinations many times, but failed each time.

Jia Dao failed in the imperial examinations many times and exhausted his family wealth, so he had to become a monk.

Another theory is that Jia Dao's family was poor in his early years and he had no means of livelihood, so he became a monk.

Monks and nuns were exempt from rent, labor service and levies, and only had to pay very few other taxes, almost no taxes at all.

Moreover, temples are quiet places, many monks are very knowledgeable, and they provide food and accommodation, making it an excellent place to study.

Jia Dao had a cousin named Wu Ke, who was also a poet and became a monk with Jia Dao.

When Jia Dao returned to secular life, he made an agreement with Wu Ke that he would still become a monk in the future.

However, after returning to secular life, Jia Dao actively participated in worldly affairs, and Wu Ke once wrote a poem to remind him not to forget his promise.

Although he said he had not forgotten the appointment, his body was very honest.

He rode on a donkey and spent his whole life traveling between temples and imperial examinations in big cities.

Jia Dao was very serious and hardworking when writing poetry, so hard that he felt painful, so he was called a poet of hard work.

Jia Dao in Chang'an went to visit his friend Li Ning, who lived in a quiet place.

Jia Dao searched along the mountain road for a long time before he finally found Li Ning's home.

It was already late at night and no one answered when I knocked on the door. I felt disappointed to know that my friend was not at home.

But at this moment, the quiet night, the bright moonlight, and the birds startled by the knock on the door inspired Jia Dao to write a poem.

The next day, Jia Dao was riding a donkey on his way back to Chang'an, thinking about his impromptu work of the previous night.

I always feel that the word "push" in "The monk pushes the door under the moon" is not appropriate enough, perhaps "knock" would be more appropriate instead.

He rode on a donkey, chanting over and over again while making pushing and knocking motions with his hands.

In this way, he came to the streets of Chang'an City. Passers-by found such a monk very funny.

At this time, the ceremonial guard of Jingzhao Yin Han Yu came over, and everyone's carriages gave way.

However, Jia Dao was still absorbed in his thoughts, gesturing with his hands, and he directly barged into the guard of honor and was captured.

When Han Yu asked about the situation, he did not make things difficult for Jia Dao. Instead, he helped him analyze the poem and suggested using the word "knock".

It's late at night and everyone is asleep. There's a knock on the door, which adds movement, liveliness and poetic flavor to the silence.

From then on, Jia Dao, the thousand-mile horse, and Han Yu, the Bole, became friends.

Jia Dao got to know Han Yu, and under Han Yu's persuasion, he returned to secular life and began to take part in the imperial examinations, but he failed repeatedly.

The Tang Dynasty was ruled by the imperial examination system, and the imperial examination system was ruled by connections.

In order to pass the imperial examination and enter the world, Jia Dao studied regulated verse even more diligently.

At the same time, he also worked hard to recommend himself. He wrote poems for others to increase his popularity and seek opportunities.

Han Yu regarded Jia Dao as seriously as he did Meng Jiao and admired him equally, and he once wrote a poem to Jia Dao.

But on the road to the imperial examination, Han Yu only gave Jia Dao pointers and encouragement.

However, Han Yu's appreciation did not help Jia Dao pass the exam. Instead, his friends around him passed the exam one after another.

He also wrote poems to give to his friends when they left for their new posts. I believe that besides sadness of parting, he felt more depressed and repressed.

In the end, Jia Dao became cynical and complained because he had been stuck in the imperial examinations for a long time, and wrote "The Sick Cicada" on the test paper to satirize the officials.

Because of the crime of defamation, Jia Dao was demoted to the chief clerk of Changjiang County.

Regardless of whether Jia Dao passed the imperial examination in history, his poems undoubtedly occupy a place in the poetry world of the Tang Dynasty.

Sometimes, life is so interesting. You work hard to pursue your dreams, and your dreams may not come true, but you will gain unexpected rewards along the way. (End of this chapter)