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Su Weidao was an official and poet in the Tang Dynasty. He was the ancestor of the three famous Su writers in the Northern Song Dynasty.

He not only writes well, but also has a deep understanding of officialdom.

So he served as prime minister three times, but strangely, he was dismissed after each term.

Because he was a court poet during the Wu Zetian period, he held the high official position of prime minister.

Because he is smooth and ambiguous in his dealings, he is called Su Mouleng.

Because of his closeness to Zhang Yizhi's brothers, his character was criticized. He was Su Weidao.

He, Du Shenyan, Li Jiao and Cui Rong were known as the Four Friends of Literature and held a prominent position in the literary world of the early Tang Dynasty.

"Su Weidao, courtesy name Shouzhen, was born in the 22nd year of the Zhenguan reign of the Tang Dynasty. He is from Luancheng, Zhaozhou."

"He was extremely intelligent since childhood and could compose poetry at the age of 9. He and another fellow Hebei native, Li Jiao, were known as Su Li for their literary talent."

"Later, he was called one of the Four Friends of Literature along with Li Jiao, Du Shenyan and Cui Rong."

"Because of his diligence and love of learning, Su Weidao passed the imperial examination and became a Jinshi at the age of 20."

"His first official post was as the lieutenant of Xianyang County."

"At that time, Pei Xingjian, the Minister of Personnel, admired Su Weidao's talent very much."

"When he was ordered to conquer the Turks, he recommended Su Weidao to the court and asked him to serve as a secretary in the army."

"Because Su Weidao writes well and has experience in border training."

"So after Empress Wu Zetian came to power, she promoted Su Weidao and made important contributions to him."

"In just a few years, Su Weidao was promoted rapidly, and served as the Minister of the Secretariat and the Minister of Personnel."

"In 694, Su Weidao, who was only 46 years old, was promoted to Fengge Sheren, Jianxiu Shilang and Fengge Luantai Pingzhangshi."

"He was first promoted to the position of prime minister because of his outstanding poetry and prose that praised and flattered the empress and her royal family members, and was trusted and employed."

"For example, in the first year of Guangzhai, when Su Weidao was serving as the Imperial Censor, he wrote a letter of thanks to his father, Pei Judao, the Emperor's concubine, for his second appointment as the General of the Left Jinwu Guard."

"He wrote articles with precise words and logic, which are widely circulated in the contemporary times."

"In December of the fourth year of Chuigong, Su Weidao accompanied Wu Zetian to pay respect to Luo Shutu and composed a poem in response to the imperial edict, "Fenghe Shoutu Wenluo Yingzhi", which was praised by the empress."

"However, in the second year after Su Weidao became prime minister, he chose the wrong side: he attached himself to Li Zhaode, the internal historian who opposed Wu Zetian's rule."

"He thus offended the empress, and together with another prime minister, Zhang Xi, they were both dismissed from their posts and imprisoned."

"Wu Zetian sent people to the prison to observe them. Zhang Xi behaved calmly and did not feel like a prisoner at all."

Su Shi: Su Weidao was from Hebei and was active during the reigns of Emperor Gaozong and Empress Wu.

Because he relied on Wu Zetian to become the prime minister and was a close minister of Empress Wu.

Because of the incident of reburying his father and flattering Zhang Yizhi's brothers, he is generally regarded as a person of low character.

He was also ridiculed by the world for his ambiguous attitude in handling things.

Su Weidao's official career was not smooth. He was demoted three times. His way of being an official determined the conservative nature of his political struggle.

However, Su Weidao also made outstanding achievements in politics.

Especially in terms of identifying talent, he has achieved relatively high achievements.

For example, he promoted Song Jing, who became a famous prime minister and the founder of the Kaiyuan Prosperity.

In terms of military affairs, he is knowledgeable about military affairs and patrols the border.

In his early years, he followed Pei Xingjian and had military experience, and later participated in two military operations.

In terms of political affairs, Su Wei has a broad sense and is not completely useless.

Furthermore, Su Weidao is impartial, which shows his great cultivation and magnanimity, which is not easy to come by.

Apart from politics, Su Weidao's literary achievements are relatively higher.

However, there are not many of his poems that exist today, but only about ten poems that have survived.

Judging from his status in the court, he was an important official in the court and often accompanied the king, so he would write some poems in response to the king's orders.

Of course, these poems written in response to imperial orders may be eulogies, but the texts can reflect the poet's great knowledge and writing skills.

This type of poetry is solemn and elegant, and the words reveal the prosperous scene and atmosphere of the Tang Empire.

In addition, his poems are well-balanced, with traditional rhythm and very sophisticated techniques.

Furthermore, his poems in response to imperial orders are combined with natural landscapes, and contain beautiful meanings, which are particularly beautiful.

Su Weidao once marched with Pei Xingjian, and he wrote poems about the frontier.

His frontier poems were a breakthrough. He used a light and freehand style to describe scenery, military operations, and military life, and showed a positive attitude towards the Tang Dynasty's war against the Huns.

At the same time, he looks forward to his desire to guard the border, and he is optimistic and has a positive spirit.

Among his 15 extant poems, there are also descriptive poems, in which he used plain writing techniques to describe the scenery.

It gives people a natural, beautiful and light feeling, with a bright style and no embellishment.

In addition, his landscape poems are broad-minded, fresh and fluent, pay attention to harmonious rhythm, and have extremely neat parallelism, giving people an aesthetic enjoyment.

In terms of the creative concept of landscape poetry, he inherited Xie Lingyun and initiated the landscape poetry of the prosperous Tang Dynasty.

Generally speaking, although there are not many poems left by Su Weidao, they are able to demonstrate his outstanding talent.

His poems have strict requirements on parallelism, prosody, and rhyme. The form is neat and gorgeous, the tone is harmonious and pleasant, the content is concise, and the style is very high.

In particular, "The Night of the Fifteenth of the First Month" is the poem with the most artistic value about the Mid-Autumn Festival, and it has a great influence on later generations.

Putting aside the historical evaluation of Su Weidao, let’s evaluate Su Weidao purely from the perspective of poetry.

He is a poet of extraordinary talent, skilled in his craft and able to display a high level of literary talent.

"Since it was Su Weidao's first time in prison, he was very nervous and remorseful, and he couldn't even eat."

"So Wu Zetian exiled Zhang Xi to Lingnan and demoted Su Weidao to the position of governor of Jizhou."

"Soon after, he was recalled as the Minister of Heaven and returned to the court to serve."

"The first blow of being dismissed from his post made Su Weidao change his attitude towards life."

"In order to learn his lesson, he became negative when he re-entered the officialdom. He no longer cared about making achievements."

"Instead, he tried every possible way to flatter the emperor and his favorite ministers, and tried his best to be a good man."

"Once, Su Weidao confidently told others that one should never make a clear decision when doing things."

"That way, if anything goes wrong, people will be able to point fingers at you."

"So as long as you are ambiguous and vague, you will be invincible."

"Su Weidao's change had a good effect. In September of the first year of the Holy Calendar, Su Weidao tried hard to get along well with the empress and the ministers."

"He was appointed as Fengge Shilang and co-director of Fengge Luantai again, ascending to the position of prime minister for the second time."

"Although Su Weidao was cautious and continued to use his expertise in flattery after he ascended to the position of Prime Minister for the second time."

"But because he did not fulfill his duties and achieved nothing during his tenure as prime minister, he was condemned and impeached by many colleagues and censors."

"As a result, less than three years later, in March of the first year of Dazhong, Su Weidao was dismissed from his post and thrown into prison."

"Since Su Weidao usually tries to please the Queen, he also has a good relationship with her family members and confidants."

"So, the year after he was dismissed from his post for the second time, Wu Zetian quickly released him from prison and first appointed him as the military commander of Youzhou and Pingdengzhou."

"Later, in October of the second year of Chang'an, Su Weidao was appointed prime minister for the third time."

Xin Qiji: Su Weidao was a man of the Tang Dynasty, and served as prime minister during the reign of Wu Zetian.

Together with Du Fu's grandfather Du Shenyan, Li Jiao and Cui Rong, they were known as the Four Friends of Literature and held prominent positions in the literary world of the early Tang Dynasty.

The first half of Su Weidao's life was a happy drama, but the second half was a bit miserable. In his early twenties, Su Weidao and his fellow countryman Li Jiao were both famous for their writings, and people at that time called them Su Li.

As soon as Su Weidao passed the civil service exam, he was favored by Pei Xingjian, the assistant minister of the Ministry of Personnel, who almost always kept him by his side for support.

Later, Pei Xingjian liked this young man so much that he married one of his daughters to him and married the other to Wang Xun.

As a result, Su Weidao not only became the son-in-law of Hedong Pei, but also the brother-in-law of Wang.

Su Weidao's father-in-law, Pei Xingjian, holds a high position of power and is responsible for the promotion, replacement and personnel transfer of officials.

Su Weidao, who followed his father-in-law to fight against the Turks and served as a secretary, can be said to be both civil and military.

After another twenty years of experience, he became prime minister at the age of 46.

Su Weidao was imprisoned for violating the criminal law. He looked depressed, as if a disaster had befallen him, and he looked pitiful.

It was time for dinner, but I was too lazy to stand up, so I just sat on the floor to eat and drink.

When Wu Zetian heard this, she smiled and demoted Su Weidao to be the governor of Jizhou. Wu Zetian did not like people with strong personalities.

Su Weidao's cowardice made Wu Zetian laugh, but she felt at ease with him.

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Not long after, Su Weidao was recalled and appointed prime minister for the second time.

Su Weidao was prime minister in name only. He did not interfere in any affairs and just followed the old practices. He had no political achievements to speak of.

He can only write memorials, and he puts a lot of effort into choosing words and sentences and polishing the text.

Another characteristic of Su Weidao is that he is very smooth in dealing with things and has no opinions or thoughts of his own at all. Ambiguity is Su Weidao's creation.

To be honest, if Su Weidao had not been ambiguous at the time, there might not have been any Su Dongpo.

When Su Weidao was rebuilding the tombs of his parents, he destroyed other people's tombs and encroached on his neighbors' fields, which aroused public anger. He was demoted to the position of governor of Fangzhou.

Soon, Emperor Zhongzong of Tang, Li Xian, launched a coup, restored the throne, and killed the brothers Zhang Yizhi, the male favorites of Wu Zetian.

Su Weidao had flattered the two Zhangs before, so he was demoted to the governor of Meizhou again.

Later, he was transferred to be the Chief Secretary of Yizhou, but he died before he left. He was 57 years old.

On the Lantern Festival, Su Weidao wrote the last poem of his life which has been passed down through the ages.

The fire tree and the silver flowers are closed, and the iron lock of the star bridge is opened.

The dark dust goes with the horse, and the bright moon comes one after another.

The nomads are all succulents, and the songs are all falling.

Jin Wu couldn't help the night, and Yu Lei Mo urged.

"However, the good times did not last long. It was March of the fourth year in Chang'an."

"Su Weidao destroyed many of his neighbors' graves when he reburied his father because of his personal interests."

"He also invited many people to help, which exceeded the standard. This led to the impeachment of the censor, and Wu Zetian dismissed him from his position as prime minister for the third time."

"In 705, Crown Prince Li Xian, Prime Minister Zhang Jianzhi, Cui Xuanwei and other ministers launched the famous Shenlong Rebellion."

"Forced Wu Zetian to abdicate and killed Wu Zetian's favorite minister Zhang Yizhi in Jixian Palace."

"Afterwards, Wu Zetian returned the throne to Li Xian, who became Emperor Zhongzong of Tang."

"When Emperor Zhongzong of Tang Dynasty was eliminating the remaining forces of Zhang Yizhi, he regarded Su Weidao as a remnant of Zhang Yizhi and demoted him to the position of Chief of Meizhou, and later moved him to the position of Chief of Yizhou."

"Su Weidao was on his way from Meizhou to Yizhou to take up his post. He was too old and weak to travel by boat."

"He died of illness on the road at the age of 58, ending his life of ups and downs in the political arena."

"Su Weidao, an official and poet in the Tang Dynasty, was not only a good writer, but also well versed in the ways of officialdom."

"So he served as prime minister three times, but he was dismissed after each of his three terms."

“First, when Su Weidao was the prime minister, he adopted an ambiguous and wrong attitude towards life.”

"He only knows how to flatter the emperor and the ministers and act like a good guy. He is always unwilling to express a clear attitude when encountering things."

"Therefore, in this key position of prime minister, he has never achieved outstanding political achievements."

"Not only did he not contribute to the country, but he also planted hidden dangers in his official career."

"Secondly, he had no principles in making friends: he should not have made friends with powerful officials in the court, and he never tried to persuade or stop Wu Zetian's excessive taxation and the emperor's favorites from ruling in disorder."

"In addition, he lacks moral cultivation. After becoming a high-ranking official, he is only interested in profit and has damaged the interests of the people in pursuit of personal gain."

"We should learn from Su Weidao's ambiguous way of being an official and his wrong behavior of not fulfilling his duties while in office."

"Because, in the face of major issues, if we take an ambiguous attitude."

“It may appear fair on the surface, but in reality it is sheltering wrong opinions and supporting wrong actions.”

"It is extremely harmful to the cause to suppress correct opinions and crack down on just actions."

Zhang Juzheng: Su Weidao was appointed prime minister at the beginning of the Shengli period of Empress Wu Zetian. Later, because he was close to the brothers Zhang Yizhi, he was demoted to the governor of Meizhou when Emperor Zhongzong restored the throne.

When he was young, he was as famous as Li Jiao in literature and was called Su Li.

There are sixteen poems left today, most of which are pentasyllabic regulated verses.

Every year on the fifteenth night of the first lunar month, lanterns are lit up in Chang'an city.

During the three days before and after, there was no martial law at night as usual, and there were huge crowds of people coming to see the lights.

The noise of carriages and horses of the wealthy and nobles and the singing and laughter of the citizens merged into one, and the whole night was spent in a lively atmosphere.

Hundreds of scholars were invited to compose poems to record the event. At that time, Su Weidao composed this famous five-character regulated verse, describing the scene of the Lantern Festival in Chang'an city on the night of the Lantern Festival.

The fire tree and the silver flowers are closed, and the iron lock of the star bridge is opened.

The dark dust goes with the horse, and the bright moon comes one after another.

The nomads are all succulents, and the songs are all falling.

Jin Wu couldn't help the night, and Yu Lei Mo urged.

The first couplet: Fire trees and silver flowers combine, and the iron locks of the star bridge open.

Write about the night with bright lights, the lights are connected into one piece like silver-white flowers on the trees, there is bright light everywhere, and each bright lamp is like a delicate flower.

Under the lights, the city river looks like a starry sky.

The iron locks on the city gates were also opened, allowing people to travel anywhere in the capital.

The word "合" (he) indicates the abundance of lights, as if they are gathering around people.

The second couplet: The dark dust follows the horse, the bright moon follows the man.

It describes the streets full of people, dust flying wherever horses' hooves pass, and bright moonlight filling every corner.

People can see the bright moon as soon as they look up, as if it is chasing the passers-by.

In the second couplet, the dancing girls are all dressed in gorgeous costumes, and plum blossoms are falling while they sing.

It describes the joy of night outings, in which the singing girls are heavily made up and dressed gorgeously under the reflection of lights and moonlight.

While dancing with a graceful figure, she sang the tune of "Falling Plum Blossoms" loudly.

The last couplet, Jinwu, can't help but the night, and the jade leaks don't remind each other.

It describes people's infinite nostalgia for the beautiful scenery. The imperial guards in Kyoto have lifted the curfew today, and the jade clepsydra that measures time should not urge dawn.

This magnificent scene makes people linger and hope that such a beautiful time will go slowly and not let this night pass by in a hurry.

The whole poem has a strong flavor of life and expresses the people's longed-for life scene of peace and prosperity.

In terms of art, the rhythm is precise and the parallelism is neat without losing its naturalness.

The scene blends well with the mood, the structure is neat, and the rhyme is long. (End of this chapter)